The Acculturation Model is a model of second language acquisition designed by John H. Schumann (1978) and it is based on the social-psychology of acculturation
Bilingualism || Introduction to BilingualismAjEmpire
Introduction to bilingualism. This is for educational purposes. In this everything related to bilingualism such as overview, introduction, etymology, Bilingual and its types, Bilingualism and its types, advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. This would be helpful in better understanding bilingualism.
The Acculturation Model is a model of second language acquisition designed by John H. Schumann (1978) and it is based on the social-psychology of acculturation
Bilingualism || Introduction to BilingualismAjEmpire
Introduction to bilingualism. This is for educational purposes. In this everything related to bilingualism such as overview, introduction, etymology, Bilingual and its types, Bilingualism and its types, advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. This would be helpful in better understanding bilingualism.
Major distinctions:
Difference between first and second language
Difference between acquisition and learning
Difference between explicit and implicit learning
Difference between second and foreign language
Spolsky's Model of Language Learning
Language, Language Acquisition, Language Learning, Second Language,Bilingualism, Child Language, Linguistics,Hypothesis, Noam Chomsky (Cognitive Generative Quantitative
Functional theories of grammar Phonology Morphology Morphophonology Syntax Lexis Semantics Pragmatics Graphemics Orthography Semiotics) (Anthropological Comparative Historical Etymology Graphetics Phonetics Sociolinguistics) (Computational Contrastive
Evolutionary Forensic Internet
Language acquisition
Second-language acquisition
Language assessment
Language development
Language education
Linguistic anthropology
Neurolinguistics Psycholinguistics)
(History of linguistics
Linguistic prescription
List of linguists
Unsolved linguistics problems)
Stages of Acquisition of first LanguageJoel Acosta
Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words to communicate. The capacity to successfully use language requires one to acquire a range of tools including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary. This language might be vocalized as with speech or manual as in sign. The human language capacity is represented in the brain.
Psycholinguistics and foreign language teaching.Tony Viethao
PG20- topics presented by group 4 with contents:
1, Definitions of linguistics2, Key concepts of psycholinguistics3, First language acquisition (FLA)4, Second language learning ( SLL)5, The similarities & differences between FLA & SLL
Major distinctions:
Difference between first and second language
Difference between acquisition and learning
Difference between explicit and implicit learning
Difference between second and foreign language
Spolsky's Model of Language Learning
Language, Language Acquisition, Language Learning, Second Language,Bilingualism, Child Language, Linguistics,Hypothesis, Noam Chomsky (Cognitive Generative Quantitative
Functional theories of grammar Phonology Morphology Morphophonology Syntax Lexis Semantics Pragmatics Graphemics Orthography Semiotics) (Anthropological Comparative Historical Etymology Graphetics Phonetics Sociolinguistics) (Computational Contrastive
Evolutionary Forensic Internet
Language acquisition
Second-language acquisition
Language assessment
Language development
Language education
Linguistic anthropology
Neurolinguistics Psycholinguistics)
(History of linguistics
Linguistic prescription
List of linguists
Unsolved linguistics problems)
Stages of Acquisition of first LanguageJoel Acosta
Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words to communicate. The capacity to successfully use language requires one to acquire a range of tools including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary. This language might be vocalized as with speech or manual as in sign. The human language capacity is represented in the brain.
Psycholinguistics and foreign language teaching.Tony Viethao
PG20- topics presented by group 4 with contents:
1, Definitions of linguistics2, Key concepts of psycholinguistics3, First language acquisition (FLA)4, Second language learning ( SLL)5, The similarities & differences between FLA & SLL
The results of our group discussion on sociolinguistics. We take this material from several book references. We uploaded this presentation with the aim that we can learn together especially sociolinguistics. We hope that readers can understand the contents of the material. There are many mistakes please forgive us. Thank you.
Multilingual societies Language and IdentityThi.docxroushhsiu
Multilingual
societies:
Language and
Identity
This session introduces you to:
Multi-lingual individuals
Multi-lingual societies:
Language choice in multilingual societies
Code-switching
Language and identity
Multi-lingual
individuals
TOPIC 1
Bi-/multi-lingual
individuals:
What does it mean to
be bilingual or
multilingual?
The ability to use more than one language to communicate
But to what level of competence?
Basic/minimal Advanced
Balanced bilingualism is rare
Very few bilinguals have equal competence or use their languages
equally.
• Typically, each person has a different mix of the four skills:
listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
• ‘Passive’ BL = stronger comprehension (listening) than speaking
competence
• Others may have advanced competence in more than 1 language
but have degrees of competence in different domains (e.g. work
vs home)
What about you?
When, where,
with whom do
you use each
language?
For each one,
rate your ability
in listening,
speaking,
reading and
writing
List the languages
in which you have
a degree of
competency
Multi-lingual individuals
First language (L1)
mother-tongue(s), native language(s), that we hear spoken from birth
Second language (L2)
language(s) learned later in childhood or adulthood
Different learning processes are involved:
acquisition (of L1) vs learning (of L2)
How do we become bilingual/multilingual?
Simultaneous bilingualism
2 or more languages are acquired simultaneously in early childhood.
Successive bilingualism
a person who already has competence in a L1 learns a L2 (or L3, L4 …)
How long does it take to acquire a L1?
Humans are biologically equipped to learn language in infancy:
We are born with brains that are ‘wired’ for language - the capacity to figure out
the grammar and words of the specific language(s) we hear spoken around us
Most of that learning is complete by 5 years of age for children in all cultures
How long does it take to learn a L2?
After puberty, deliberate effort or study is needed to master a language
Up to 10 or more years for full control of oral and written language.
◦ Basic interpersonal communication skills within 2 years.
◦ Academic language proficiency up to 8 years
(Cummins 1984)
To be effective, L2 learning requires
üFrequent input data
üMeaningful and authentic opportunities for using the language
üPerceived value and/or need for the language
üWillingness & motivation
Bilingual education in schools
Typically the L2 is taught in a ‘foreign language class’.
Much less often it is the medium of instruction
Foreign language class teaching in countries where one language is dominant
often fails:
◦ too little exposure
◦ not often enough
◦ started too late
◦ too few opportunities to use the language actively and authentically.
How did you learn
your L2, L3, L4…?
qForeign language class in
school/university?
...
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
5. Bilingualism & Multilingualism
Do not necessarily have exactly the same
abilities in the languages.
Have varying degrees of command of the
different repertoires
The differences in competence in the various
languages might range from
command of a few lexical items
formulaic expressions (e.g. Greetings)
rudimentary conversational skills
excellent command of the grammar
vocabulary
specialized register and styles.’
6. Society with more than one
languages...
Ones
must find out who uses
what, when, and for what purpose if they
are to be socially competent.
The language choices are part of the
social identity you claim for themselves.
7. Bilingual vs. Bidialectal
Defining
different dialects and languages
are difficult
the bilingual–bidialectal distinction that
speakers make reflects
social, cultural, and political aspirations or
realities rather than any linguistic reality
8. Bilingualism drawbacks
Regarded
as problem
Inferiority
Being
eradicated (Americanization)
Leading to language loss
Leading to diffusion (certain features
spread from one language to the other/s
as a result of the contact
situation, particularly certain kinds of
syntactic features)
9. Discussions
A distinction is sometimes made between
communities in which there is stable
bilingualism and those in which there is
unstable bilingualism;
Switzerland, Canada, and Haiti are cited as
examples of the former, and the linguistic
situations found in cities like New York or
among many immigrant peoples as examples
of the latter. Why are the terms stable and
unstable useful in such circumstances? Could
you mention some cases happen in
Indonesia?
10. Discussions
A speaker of English who wants to learn
another language, particularly an ‘exotic’
one, may find the task difficult. Speakers of
that other language may insist on using what
little English they know rather than their own
language, and there may also be compelling
social reasons that prevent the would-be
learner from achieving any but a most
rudimentary knowledge of the target
language. What factors contribute to this kind
of situation? How might you seek to avoid it?
11. Discussions
Is
it possible to have a society in which
everyone is completely bilingual in the
same two languages and there is no
diglossia? How stable would such a
situation be?
12. Discussions
Some
communities regard bilingualism as
a serious threat; it has even been referred
to as a ‘Trojan horse,’ initially attractive
but ultimately fatal. Why might this be so?
(Consider the experience of migration
and also the sorry state of many minority
languages in the world.) Could you
mention currently happening case in the
world?