This document discusses the relationship between language, nationism, and nationalism. It introduces concepts like multilingualism, multinational states, and the role language plays in developing a sense of national identity. While language can pose problems for nation-states by dividing groups, multilingual countries can either promote a single national language or find ways to foster nationalism through cultural elements besides language.

1. SOCIETAL
MULTILINGUALISM

2. NATIONS AND LANGUAGES
 The importance of language to group of
people
 The diversity of languages in some
countries in the world.

3. CONCEPTS OF MULTILINGUALISM
Joshua Fishman
Nationality and Ethnic group
Nation and state
Multinantional state and multiethnic nations

4. The role of language in
nationism and nationalism

5. The role of language in nationism is
fairly staright forward
• Problems of Nationism: General government
administration and education

6. The role of language in nationalism
is more subtle
A major component of nationalism: language,
culture, religion, and history

7. Another role of language in
nationalism
• Fishman (1972c:52) calls “contrastive self
identification”.
• Garvin and Mathiot (1956) call the “unifying
and separatist functions”.

8. Multilingualism as a problem and
a resource

9. Problems for nationalism
• nation-states are more likely to be stable than
multinational states, and given the
importance of language for nationalism

10. . Multilingual states can approach the
problem in one of two ways:
• They can either attempt to develop a national
language
• they can try to develop nationalism on
grounds other than language

11. Problems for nationism