This document discusses ways to enhance engine performance through modifications to core components. It explains that increasing displacement through boring or using a stroker crank can boost torque. Using forged internals like connecting rods and a performance crank shaft, as well as high-lift cams and roller rockers, allows for more power. Porting the heads and using equal-length headers improves airflow. Balancing and blue printing the assembled engine ensures optimal performance.

1. Engine Performance
Enhancements

2. Horsepower VS Torque
 Horsepower is:
• The ability to move 33,000 lbs. 12
inches in 1 minute.
 Horsepower in a measurement of
work done over time.
 This is what gets you across the
finish line!

3. Torque
 Torque is rotational force:
 Torque is the ability of crank shaft to
spin the wheels (not counting
gearing)
 This is what gets you “Out of the
hole”.
Torque * RPM
Horsepower = ------------------------------------------
5252

4. Horsepower
Torque
120X6500=148.5
Dyno Report

5. Where do we want Hp and Tq?
 Cars like to have the torque peak:
• mid to upper middle of rpm band
• Less mass to get moving
 Trucks like the torque peak:
• Lower to middle of rpm band
• Better for pulling loads
• Heavier vehicles
 Diesels make torque at low rpm (1,000-2,000rpm)

6. Okay, but we want MORE!
 For peak
performance you
have to start with
the foundation!
 The block!

7. Performance block with
“4 bolt main caps”
 Main caps:
 Keep the
crank true
 Hold up to
greater
pressure

8. “Bored 50 over”
 The block has been
machined .050”
over stock bore
 This increased the
displacement of
the engine

9. Now the Crank Shaft
 Two types
• Cast
• Forged
(Stronger)
 Stroker Crank
• A crank shaft
that has had the
journal
placement
changed to
increase the
stroke of the
piston

10. Connecting Rods
 H Beam connecting rod is
stronger and usually forged

11. Pistons
 Pistons must be matched to cylinder head
 Type of Induction system must be
considered
 Cam shaft profile must be considered

12. Cam Shafts

13. Cam Shafts
 The lobes of the cam will actuate the
valves
 Cam Shaft profiles are described by
three things:
• Lift = How high the lobes are (measured
in 1,000th of an inch)
• Duration = How long the valve is
opened (measured in Degrees)
• Overlap = how long two valves are open
(measured in Degrees)

15. Roller Rockers and Lifters

16. Roller Rockers
 Roller rocker arms:
 Reduce the side load on the valve
stem
 Reduce friction
 Can be used with higher profile cam
shafts
 Allow for increased rpm

17. Roller Lifters
 Reduce friction on cam shaft
 More positive push on push rod
 Allow for increased rpm.

18. Cylinder Heads

19. Cylinder Heads
 Performance Cylinder Heads are the
best performance improvement you
can make
 Performance heads are CNC milled
for precise flow and volume
consistency

20. Porting and “CCing” Heads
 To “CC” a
head:
• Measure the
volume of
each
combustion
Chamber
• Match the
largest

21. Porting a Cylinder Head
 Porting the
head:
• Increase
the size of
the ports
• Polish and
improve
the flow

22. Before and After

23. Intake Manifolds

24. Intake Manifolds
 On fuel injected engines it’s called a
intake plenum
 Carbureted vehicle use two types
• Single Plane
• Dual Plane

25. Exhaust Manifolds Headders

26. Header Pipes
 Header pipe come in two types
• Shorty Equal length
• Full header Equal length
 Equal length promotes better
exhaust scavenging
 Equalizes flow from all ports in head

27. Balance and Blue Print
 Balanced engine
• All parts (piston, rods) are made to be
same weight
• Crank is balanced
 Blue Printing engines
• All parts are measured and recorded
• Parts are assembled to very close
tolerences

28. Now put it all together!
Engine Assembly Video