Leadership is critical to educational development and specific preparation is are vital if leaders are to maximize their effectiveness. Senior teachers develop more leading capacity as they have experience to tackle unwanted situations. Leadership is the general process of influence and motivating others to work effectively while the management processes on planning and organizing to complete the task within time. All the teachers are managers as they have to manage teaching / learning activities. Understand nature and need of educational management State the nature and need of leadership Debate on performance evaluation Understand theories of performance management Describe different techniques of performance evaluation

1. ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN
UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD
ONLINE WORKSHOP
UNIT-9
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP SYSTEM
IN
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
AND LEADERSHIP
CC 6467
Presented by:
Ch. M. Ashraf
m.ashraf0919@gmail.com
tinyurl.com/z3j85t57
Telegram: https://t.me/duhdra

2. EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
AND LEADERSHIP
2
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
tinyurl.com/z3j85t57
Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra
UNIT - 9
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP SYSTEM

3. INTRODUCTION
Leadership is critical to educational development and
specific preparation is are vital if leaders are to maximize their
effectiveness. Senior teachers develop more leading capacity as
they have experience to tackle unwanted situations. Leadership
is the general process of influence and motivating others to
work effectively while the management processes on planning
and organizing to complete the task within time. All the
teachers are managers as they have to manage teaching /
learning activities.
3
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
tinyurl.com/z3j85t57
Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra

4. OBJECTIE
After studying this unit, the pupil teachers will be able to
• Understand nature and need of educational management
• State the nature and need of leadership
• Debate on performance evaluation
• Understand theories of performance management
• Describe different techniques of performance evaluation
4
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
tinyurl.com/z3j85t57
Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra

5. NATURE AND NEED OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP
Nature and need of Educational Management
Bolam (1999) defined educational management ‘as an
executive function for carrying out agreed policy’. Application of
Theory and practice of management to the field of education or
educational institute is called educational management.
Educational management aims at achieving an institution’s
objectives, improves the process of planning, organizing and
implementing within the institution, enhancing the effectiveness
of infrastructure.
Conti.…….
5
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
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Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra

6. NATURE AND NEED OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP
The main features / functions of educational management
are:
(a) Execution
(b) Direction
(c) Supervision
Conti.…….
6
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
tinyurl.com/z3j85t57
Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra

7. NATURE AND NEED OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP
Nature and need of Leadership
Leadership is the behavior of an individual when he is
directing the activities of a group towards a shared goal.
Leadership is about direction setting and inspiring others to make
the journey to a new state for the school. There is a process of
influence in many definitions of leadership.
The central concept of leadership is influencing others
rather than ruling and authoritating them. 7
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
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8. STEPS TO PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEM
The primary goals of a performance evaluation system are
to provide an equitable measurement of an employee’s
contribution to the organization.
Five steps in this regard are given below
• Develop an evaluation form
• Identify performance measures
• Set guidelines for feed back
• Create disciplinary and Termination procedure
• Set an evaluation schedule
8
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
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Telegram:
https://t.me/duhdra

9. STEPS TO PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEM
The process of performance Management
Objectives should be “SMART”
9
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Ch.
M.Ashraf
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10. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
It provides employers with an opportunity to assess their
employees’ contributions to the organization, are essential to
developing a powerful work team. Performance management
focuses on future performance planning and improvement and
personal development.
The following three theories underpinning performance
management have been identified.
10
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
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11. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Goal Theory: (Developed by Lathan)
Four mechanisms that connect goals to performance out- comes
1. They direct attention to priorities
2. They stimulate effort
3. They challenge people to bring their knowledge and skills to
increase their chance of success.
4. The more challenging the goal, the more people will draw on
their full repertoire of skills
Conti.…….
11
By:
Ch.
M.Ashraf
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https://t.me/duhdra

12. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Control Theory:
It focuses attention on feed back as a means of shaping behavior.
The people take corrective action to over come discrepancy.
Social cognitive Theory- Bandura (1986):
It is based on his central concept of self- efficacy.
Performance management takes the form of a continuous self-
renewing cycle as below
• Performance review and assessment
• Managing performance through out the year
• Performance and development agreement. Conti.…….
12
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Ch.
M.Ashraf
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13. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Types of Objectives:
• Ongoing role or work objectives
• Targets
• Tasks / projects
13
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M.Ashraf
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14. CRITERIA AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION TOOLS
1. Ranking Method
2. Forced Distribution Method
3. Critical incident Techniques
4. Check lists and weighted Checklists
14
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15. 15
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EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
SYSTEM

16. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING
THEORIES REGARDING INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
16
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Ch.
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