Community ecology, study of the organization and functioning of communities, which are assemblages of interacting populations of the species living within a particular area or habitat.
Community ecology, study of the organization and functioning of communities, which are assemblages of interacting populations of the species living within a particular area or habitat.
Points on biomes,habitat,ecotone and their differentations.
also on terrestrial ,wetland,fresh water,marine habitat and their types .Explained much with pictures..so easy to remember and to take class .Hope this may help....
presentation contain different type of interactions, competition-intra and inter-specific, mechanism of competition-Exploitation and Interference, Mathematical models of Competition i.e. Hutchinson Ratio, Exponential Growth, Logistic Model, Lotka-Volterra Competition Model, Tilman's Resource Model, Results of Competition i.e. Range restriction, Competitive Displacement, Competitive Exclusion , Competitive Displacement Hypothesis, Ecological Niche, Evolution of new species, Factors Affecting Competition, Case studies
Climax:
The terminal stabilized system or community is known as Climax.
Climax Community:
When the final terminal community becomes stabilized for a longer period and can maintain itself in equilibrium with the climate of the area, it is known as a climax community.
The first time the term Climax was used by Clements in 1936. This type of community remains the same throughout time if it is not disturbed.
A stable group of plants and animals which is the result of the succession process does not always mean only big trees. They could be:
Cacti in deserts or
Grasses in fields
stability of climax
The climax community may change if there are changes in climate or long-term evolutionary changes in one or more species. Climax communities are said to be in a state of equilibrium because organisms have already adapted to their environment and succession is no longer taking place. Therefore, it can be assumed that it is stable.
Points on biomes,habitat,ecotone and their differentations.
also on terrestrial ,wetland,fresh water,marine habitat and their types .Explained much with pictures..so easy to remember and to take class .Hope this may help....
presentation contain different type of interactions, competition-intra and inter-specific, mechanism of competition-Exploitation and Interference, Mathematical models of Competition i.e. Hutchinson Ratio, Exponential Growth, Logistic Model, Lotka-Volterra Competition Model, Tilman's Resource Model, Results of Competition i.e. Range restriction, Competitive Displacement, Competitive Exclusion , Competitive Displacement Hypothesis, Ecological Niche, Evolution of new species, Factors Affecting Competition, Case studies
Climax:
The terminal stabilized system or community is known as Climax.
Climax Community:
When the final terminal community becomes stabilized for a longer period and can maintain itself in equilibrium with the climate of the area, it is known as a climax community.
The first time the term Climax was used by Clements in 1936. This type of community remains the same throughout time if it is not disturbed.
A stable group of plants and animals which is the result of the succession process does not always mean only big trees. They could be:
Cacti in deserts or
Grasses in fields
stability of climax
The climax community may change if there are changes in climate or long-term evolutionary changes in one or more species. Climax communities are said to be in a state of equilibrium because organisms have already adapted to their environment and succession is no longer taking place. Therefore, it can be assumed that it is stable.
We, Ecotone Acoustic Enclosure are India’s most reliable manufacturers of Acoustic products for Noise Control, NVH Test Chambers, Acoustic, Architectural, Auditoriums, Theatres, Conference halls, Gymnasium halls, Offices, Banquet halls, Design and Set-up of Recording Studios, Listening rooms, Home Theatres etc.
Ecotone Systems is the largest manufacturers and providers of Acoustic wall and ceiling products that provide Architects and Building owners an extensive range of products to chose from, which suits their aesthetic as well as acoustic requirements. Ecotone Acoustic Enclosure strives to help its customers enjoy the best ambience, at the same time minimizing its environmental impact as much as possible by providing sustainable, innovative and high-performance solutions for todays and tomorrows noise problems.
Ecological Succession&Ecological PyramidsNiladri Roy
introduction, description, examples and explanation of ecological succession and ecological pyramids.
Lots of images and diagrams to make it easy to understand for you
The main causes of ecological succession include the biotic and climatic factors that can destroy the populations of an area. Wind, fire, soil erosion and natural disasters include the climatic factors. Ecological succession is important for the growth and development of an ecosystem. It initiates colonization of new areas and recolonization of the areas that had been destroyed due to certain biotic and climatic factors. Thus, the organisms can adapt to the changes and learn to survive in a changing environment.
The gradual replacement of one community by another in the development of vegetation towards a climax is the culmination stage in plant succession for a given environment.
This presentation offers a bird's eye view about community dynamics in general and ecological succession in particular with special reference to Climax vegetation.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024
Ecotone and edge effects & ecological succession
1. Ecotones and Edge Effect
Ecological Succession
Roxette U. Layosa
Joann B. Talandron
2. Ecotone
•was coined from a combination
of eco(logy) plus -tone, from the
Greek tonos or tension (a place where
ecologies are in tension).
•The zone of transition along the edges
of two adjacent ecological communities.
3.
4.
5. Edge effect
-An “edge” is the boundary or
interface between two biological
communities or between different
landscape elements.
- refer to the changes
in population or community structure
s that occur at the boundary of two
habitats.
6.
7. As the edge effects
increase, the boundary
habitat allows for
greater biodiversity.
8. Types of Edge effect
• Inherent— Natural features stabilize the
border location.
• Induced—Transient natural or human
related activities, subject borders to
successional changes over time.
• Narrow—One habitat abruptly ends and
another begins.
9. Types of Edge Effect
• Wide (ecotone)—Substantial
distance separates border from point
where physical conditions and
vegetation do not differ from interior
of patch.
• Convoluted—Border is non-linear.
• Perforated—Border has gaps that
host other habitats.
10. Ecological Succesion
- the process by which
the structure of a
biological community
evolves over time.
19. Characteristics of
Climax Community
• The vegetation is tolerant of
environmental conditions.
• It has a wide diversity of species, a
well-drained spatial structure, and
complex food chains.
20. Characteristics of
Climax Community
• The climax ecosystem is balanced.
• Individuals in the climax stage are
replaced by others of the same kind.
• It is an index of the climate of the
area.
21. Types of climax
• Climatic Climax
- one of the ecological climaxes
possible in a particular climatic
area whose stability is directly
due to the influence of climate
22. Types of climax
• Edaphic Climax
-an ecological climax resulting
from soil factors and commonly
persisting through cycles of climatic
and physiographic change
23. Types of climax
• Catastrophic Climax
-Climax vegetation
vulnerable to a catastrophic
event such.
24. Types of climax
• Disclimax
-When a stable community,
which is not the climatic or edaphic
climax for the given site, is
maintained by man or his domestic
animals, it is designated as Disclimax
(disturbance climax) or anthropogenic
subclimax (man-generated)
25. Types of climax
• Subclimax
-The prolonged stage in
succession just preceding
the climatic climax.
26. Types of climax
Preclimax and Postclimax
• Preclimax - if the community has life
forms lower than those in the
expected climatic climax,
• Postclimax - a community that has
life forms higher than those in the
expected climatic climax
28. Monoclimax /Climatic Climax Theory
- an invention of the American
ecologist F.E. Clements .
- This states that every region has
only one climax community, toward
which all communities are evolving
and that, given sufficient time and
freedom from interference.
29. Polyclimax Theory
-. A.G. Tansley .
- community are controlled
by soil moisture, minerals,
ions, activity of animals,
topography, and other factors.
30. Climax Pattern Theory
- proposed by Whittaker (1953)
- recognizes a variety of climaxes
governed by responses of species
populations to biotic and abiotic
conditions.
- the total environment of the
ecosystem determines the
composition, species structure, and
balance of a climax community