The document discusses drilling machines and drilling operations. It describes different types of drilling machines like sensitive drilling machines, up-right drilling machines, and radial drilling machines. It also discusses drill materials like HSS and carbide-tipped drills. Various drilling operations like drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, countersinking, and tapping are described. Work holding devices and tool holding methods are also summarized. Key drilling definitions and safety precautions for operating drilling machines are provided.
Lathe-Types, Parts, Feed Mechanisms, Specifications,Lathe Accessories and Att...rajguptanitw
Who could ever think of manufacturing metals and other materials like wood and plastic without the lathe machine? Since the lathe machine is an important tool used in the machining process, which is an integral process in the manufacturing technology, it is just fitting to learn about it.
Machining is one of the most important material removal methods in the technology of manufacturing. It is basically a collection of material working processes that involves other processes such as drilling, shaping, sawing, planning, reaming, and grinding among others. Machining is practically a part of the manufacture of all metals and other materials such as plastics, and wood as well. An important machine that is useful in machining is the lathe machine.
A lathe machine is generally used in metalworking, metal spinning, woodturning, and glassworking. The various operations that it can perform include the following: sanding, cutting, knurling, drilling, and deforming of tools that are employed in creating objects which have symmetry about the axis of rotation. Some of the most common products of the lathe machine are crankshafts, camshafts, table legs, bowls, and candlestick holders.
The first lathe machine that was ever developed was the two-person lathe machine which was designed by the Egyptians in about 1300 BC. Primarily, there are two things that are achieved in this lathe machine set-up. The first is the turning of the wood working piece manually by a rope; and the second is the cutting of shapes in the wood by the use of a sharp tool. As civilizations progressed, there have been constant modifications and improvements over the original two-person lathe machine, most importantly on the production of the rotary motion.
The production of the rotary motion therefore evolved according to the following procedures: the Egyptians manual turning by hand; the Romans addition of a turning bow; the introduction of the pedal in the Middle Ages; the use of the steam engines during the Industrial Revolution; the employment of individual electric motors in the 19th and mid 20th centuries; and the latest of which is the adaption of numerically controlled mechanisms in controlling the lathe machine.
For the lathe machine to function and perform its operations, various important parts are integrated together. These essentials parts make up the lathe machine.
Lathe-Types, Parts, Feed Mechanisms, Specifications,Lathe Accessories and Att...rajguptanitw
Who could ever think of manufacturing metals and other materials like wood and plastic without the lathe machine? Since the lathe machine is an important tool used in the machining process, which is an integral process in the manufacturing technology, it is just fitting to learn about it.
Machining is one of the most important material removal methods in the technology of manufacturing. It is basically a collection of material working processes that involves other processes such as drilling, shaping, sawing, planning, reaming, and grinding among others. Machining is practically a part of the manufacture of all metals and other materials such as plastics, and wood as well. An important machine that is useful in machining is the lathe machine.
A lathe machine is generally used in metalworking, metal spinning, woodturning, and glassworking. The various operations that it can perform include the following: sanding, cutting, knurling, drilling, and deforming of tools that are employed in creating objects which have symmetry about the axis of rotation. Some of the most common products of the lathe machine are crankshafts, camshafts, table legs, bowls, and candlestick holders.
The first lathe machine that was ever developed was the two-person lathe machine which was designed by the Egyptians in about 1300 BC. Primarily, there are two things that are achieved in this lathe machine set-up. The first is the turning of the wood working piece manually by a rope; and the second is the cutting of shapes in the wood by the use of a sharp tool. As civilizations progressed, there have been constant modifications and improvements over the original two-person lathe machine, most importantly on the production of the rotary motion.
The production of the rotary motion therefore evolved according to the following procedures: the Egyptians manual turning by hand; the Romans addition of a turning bow; the introduction of the pedal in the Middle Ages; the use of the steam engines during the Industrial Revolution; the employment of individual electric motors in the 19th and mid 20th centuries; and the latest of which is the adaption of numerically controlled mechanisms in controlling the lathe machine.
For the lathe machine to function and perform its operations, various important parts are integrated together. These essentials parts make up the lathe machine.
Unit 3A1 Lathe turning and related operationsMechbytes
Coverage of machine tools classification, types, functions and Lathe machine, Turning & related operations, Lathe construction, parts, accessories and attachments
Mechanics of chip formation, single point cutting tool, forces in machining, Types of chip, cutting
tools– nomenclature, orthogonal metal cutting, thermal aspects, cutting tool materials, tool wear,
tool life, surface finish, cutting fluids and Machinability
The given presentation consists of introduction to lathe machines, working principles, classification, constructions, accessories, lathe operations, work holding devices, etc
Unit 3A1 Lathe turning and related operationsMechbytes
Coverage of machine tools classification, types, functions and Lathe machine, Turning & related operations, Lathe construction, parts, accessories and attachments
Mechanics of chip formation, single point cutting tool, forces in machining, Types of chip, cutting
tools– nomenclature, orthogonal metal cutting, thermal aspects, cutting tool materials, tool wear,
tool life, surface finish, cutting fluids and Machinability
The given presentation consists of introduction to lathe machines, working principles, classification, constructions, accessories, lathe operations, work holding devices, etc
Whole lathe machine in brief which any one can understand easily and quickly.
A Perfect ppt to get knowledge about lathe machine, its parts, operations etc.
PPT IS IMPORTANT FOR FE PUNE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS FOR SUBJECT BME. DETAILED DESCRIPTION IS GIVEN ABOUT LATHE MACHINE, DRILLING MACHINE AND GRINDING MACHINE
PLZ LIKE AND COMMENT BELOW
The drilling machine is an imporatant part of engineering specially fo machines.
the dilling machine is taken in use for making a hole in the product.
it can use in multiple sizes and standards according to the need.
I hope this will help you to get all your required information plz like it and share it.
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
2. Drilling
• Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the
work-piece by using a rotating cutter called DRILL.
• The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.
• The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe
in which the drill is held in tailstock and the work is held
by the chuck.
• The most common drill used is the twist drill.
3. Drilling Machine
• It is the simplest and accurate machine used in
production shop.
• The work piece is held stationary ie. Clamped in
position and the drill rotates to make a hole.
• Types :-Types :-
a) Based on construction:
Portable, Sensitive,Radial, up-right, Gang,
Multi-spindle
b)Based on Feed:
Hand and Power driven
4. Sensitive Drilling Machine
• Drill holes
from 1.5 to
15mm
• Operator
senses the
cutting
action so
sensitive
drilling
machine
6. Radial Drilling Machine
• It the
largest and
most
versatile
used fro
drilling
medium to
large and
heavy work
pieces.
7.
8. Drill Materials
The two most common types are
1. HSS drill
- Low cost
2. Carbide- tipped drills
- high production and in CNC
machines
Other types are
Solid Carbide drill, TiN coated drills, carbide
coated masonry drills, parabolic drills, split
9. Drilling And Drills
Types of drills
– Twist drill: most
common drill
– Step drill:
produces holes
of two or more
different
diameters
– Core drill: used
to make an
existing hole
bigger
10. Drill fixed to the spindle
Drilling operationsDrilling operations
Drilling Centre Hole
Drilling Deep Holes
Drilling Thin
Material
Drilling Pilot Hole
12. Tool Holding devices
• The different methods used for holding
drill in a drill spindle are
• By directly fitting in the spindle hole.
• By using drill sleeve
• By using drill socket
• By using drill chuck
14. Drilling operations…
• Operations that can be performed in a
drillin g machine are
Drilling
Reaming
Boring
Counter boring
Countersinking
Tapping
17. Types of cuttersReamers :-
Multi tooth cutting tool
Accurate way of sizing and finishing the pre-
existing hole.
Accuracy of ±0.005mm can be achieved
Boring Tool:-
Single point cutting tool.
Boring tool is held in the boring bar which has
the shank.
Accuracy of ±0.005mm can be achieved.
18. Types of cuttersCountersinks :-
Special angled cone shaped enlargement at
the end of the hole
Cutting edges at the end of conical surface.
Cone angles of 60°, 82°, 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°
Counter Bore Tool:-
Special cutters uses a pilot to guide the cutting
action .
Accommodates the heads of bolts.
20. Types of cutters
Combined Countersinks and central drill :-
Special drilling tool to start the hole accurately.
At the end it makes countersinks in the work
piece.
Gun drill :-
Machining of lengthy holes with less feed rates.
To overcome the heating and short life of the
normal drill tool
21. Types of cutters
Tapping:-
For cutting internal thread
Multi cutting edge tool.
Tapping is performed
either by hand or by
machine.
Minor dia of the thread is
drilled and then tapping is
done.
24. Definitions
• Cutting Speed (v):-
It’s the peripheral speed of the drill
v = Π*D*N where
D = dia of the drill in m
N = Speed of rotation in rpm
Feed Rate (f):-
It’s the movement of drill along the axis (rpm)
Depth of Cut (d):-
The distance from the machined surface to the drill
axis
d = D / 2
25. Material Removal Rate:-
It’s the volume of material removed by the drill per
unit time
MRR = (Π D2
/ 4) * f * N mm3
/ min
Machining Time (T) :-
It depends upon the length (l) of the hole to be
drilled , to the Speed (N) and feed (f) of the drill
t = L / f N min
26. Precautions for Drilling machine
• Lubrication is important to remove heat
and friction.
• Machines should be cleaned after use
• Chips should be removed using brush.
• T-slots, grooves, spindles sleeves, belts,
pulley should be cleaned.
• Machines should be lightly oiled to prevent
from rusting
27. Safety Precautions
• Do not support the work piece by hand – use
work holding device.
• Use brush to clean the chip
• No adjustments while the machine is operating
• Ensure for the cutting tools running straight
before starting the operation.
• Never place tools on the drilling table
• Avoid loose clothing and protect the eyes.
• Ease the feed if drill breaks inside the work
piece.
