This chapter aims to provide basic backgrounds of different types of machining processes and highlights on an understanding of important parameters which affects machining of metals with their chip removals.
Metal cutting or Machining is the process of producing workpiece by removing unwanted material from a block of metal. in the form of chips. This process is most important since almost all the products get their final shape and size by metal removal. either directly or indirectly.
The major drawback of the process is loss of material in the form of chips. In this chapter. we shall have a fundamental understanding of the basic metal process.
This chapter aims to provide basic backgrounds of different types of machining processes and highlights on an understanding of important parameters which affects machining of metals with their chip removals.
Metal cutting or Machining is the process of producing workpiece by removing unwanted material from a block of metal. in the form of chips. This process is most important since almost all the products get their final shape and size by metal removal. either directly or indirectly.
The major drawback of the process is loss of material in the form of chips. In this chapter. we shall have a fundamental understanding of the basic metal process.
Honing is an abrasive machining process that produces a precision surface on a metal work piece by scrubbing an abrasive stone against it along a controlled path.
Honing is primarily used to improve the geometric form of a surface, but may also improve the surface texture.
Fundamentals of Metal cutting and Machining Processes
MACHINING OPERATIONS AND MACHINING TOOLS
Turning and Related Operations
Drilling and Related Operations
Milling
Machining Centers and Turning Centers
Other Machining Operations
High Speed Machining
Honing is an abrasive machining process that produces a precision surface on a metal work piece by scrubbing an abrasive stone against it along a controlled path.
Honing is primarily used to improve the geometric form of a surface, but may also improve the surface texture.
Fundamentals of Metal cutting and Machining Processes
MACHINING OPERATIONS AND MACHINING TOOLS
Turning and Related Operations
Drilling and Related Operations
Milling
Machining Centers and Turning Centers
Other Machining Operations
High Speed Machining
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
2. SLIDE PLAN :-
1) HONNING:-
• HONNIG PROCESS
• HONNING STONES
• ABRASSIVE USED IN HONNING PROCESS
• ABRASSIVE GRIT SIZE
• APPLICATION
2) LAPPING:-
• LAPPING PROCESS
• TYPES OF LAPPING PROCESS
• APPLICATION
3) SUPERFINISHING:-
• SUPERFINISHING PROCESS
• RADIAL AND PLUNGE MODE IN SUPERFINISHING PROCESS
• APPLICATION
3. • Honing is a low velocity abrading process in which
stock is removed from metallic or non metallic
surfaces by bonded abrasive sticks.
• Honing improves the accuracy and finish of
automobile cylinder bores, hydraulic cylinders, and
similar parts. The honing machine consists of four
fine-grain abrasive stones attached to an expandable
tool that is then slowly revolved and oscillated inside
the cylinder until the desired finish and diameter are
obtained.
HONING
4.
5. HONING STONES
• Honing stones are made from common abrasive
and bonding materials, often impregnated with
sulphur, resin, or wax to improve cutting action
and tool life.
• Abrasive particles must withstand the cutting
pressure for metal removal.
6. • Bond must be strong
enough to hold the
grit.
• Not so hard as to rub
the bore and retard
cutting.
7. ABRASIVE
• Selection of abrasive depends on
– Composition
– Hardness of metal being honed.
– Finish required
– Cost.
8. GRIT SIZE OF ABRASIVE
• Size ranges from 36-600
• Most widely used size : 120-320
• Selection depends on
– Material removal rate
– Required finish
9. APPLICATION
• Produce high finish
• To correct
• Out of orderness
• Taper
• Axial distortion
• Employed very frequently for finishing of
– Bores
– Gear teeth
– Roller bearings
10. LAPPING
• Lapping is a machining operation, in which two
surfaces are rubbed together with an abrasive
between them, by hand movement or by way of a
machine.
• This can take two forms. The first type of lapping
(traditionally called grinding), typically involves rubbing
a brittle material such as glass against a surface such as
iron or glass itself (also known as the "lap" or grinding
tool) with an abrasive such as aluminum oxide,
jeweller's rouge, optician's rouge, emery, silicon
carbide, diamond, etc., in between them. This
produces microscopic conchoidal fractures as the
abrasive rolls about between the two surfaces and
removes material from both.
12. RING LAPPING
• Laps in the form of ring made of closed grain cast iron are used for manual
lapping of external cylindrical surface.
• Workpiece held in lathe chuck and rotated. Ring lap is reciprocated over
workpiece. Lap should be short than workpiece and should have adjustable slots
• Bore of ring lap and work size are very close and can be adjusted by screws.
• Ring lapping is recommended for finishing plug gauges and machine spindles
requiring great roundness accuracy.
• For External threads lapping , Special laps having interchangeable threaded
bush corresponding to the external thread to be lapped , with provision for
precise adjustment are used.
13.
14. MACHINE LAPPING
• In this method a rotating table is used
in place of the plate.
• Again the work piece to be lapped is
given rotary by a cage and rotated on
the surface of the table. Rotating lap is
used above & below the work piece to
produce parallel surfaces
• Used for economic lapping with high
accuracy of batch qualities.
• Metal laps and abrasive powder held in
suitable vehicles are used.
15. • Bonded abrasives in the form wheel
are chosen for commercial lapping.
• Machine lapping can also employ
abrasive paper or abrasive cloth as the
lapping medium.
Production lapping of flat surfaces
16. APPLICATION
• Tractor's lift pump and control valve
• Hydraulic and Pneumatic valves and pistons
• Sewing machine needle bar and shafts
• Two-three wheeler gudgun pins
• Sintered products tools
• Tool room
• Gauges and pins for measuring
• Automobile components
• Lubrication system
17. SUPERFINISHING
• Similar to honing, but uses a single abrasive stick.
• The reciprocating motion of the stick is performed at higher frequency and
smaller amplitudes.
• Also, the grit size and pressures applied on the abrasive stick are smaller.
• A cutting fluid is used to cool the work surface and wash away chips.
• Cutting action terminates by itself when a lubricant film is built up between
the tool
and work surface. Thus, superfinishing is capable only of improving the
surface finish
but not dimensional accuracy.
• Mirror like finishes with surface roughness values around 0.01 μm.
• Superfinishing can be used to finish flat and external cylindrical surfaces.
18.
19. Radial & Plunge Mode in Superfinishing
RADIAL MODE
• In Radial Mode both feeding and
oscillation of the superfinishing
stone is given in the radial direction.
20. PLUNGE MODE
• In Plunge Mode the abrasive stone
covers the section of the workpiece
requiring super finish. The abrasive
stone is slowly fed in radial direction
while its oscillation is imparted in the
axial direction