This document outlines a presentation on threaded fasteners for an engineering graphics course. It discusses screw thread terminology, various thread forms and specifications, methods for representing threads in drawings, different types of screw heads, and references for design with threaded fasteners. The goal is to teach students how to properly specify and draw threaded fasteners for engineering design. Examples are provided of unified and metric thread specifications as well as various representations of threads, tapped holes, and other fastener types.
System partitioning in VLSI and its considerationsSubash John
System partitioning divides a large circuit into smaller subcircuits. This allows the subcircuits to be designed independently and in parallel, speeding up the design process. Effective partitioning aims to minimize connections between subcircuits. Tool-based partitioning allows constraints to be set to generate a partitioned netlist that balances subcircuit sizes and minimizes connections between top-level blocks.
Implementation strategies for digital icsaroosa khan
The document discusses various digital integrated circuit design implementation strategies. It describes very large scale integration (VLSI) and the VLSI design cycle. It then covers Moore's law, productivity growth rates, and two main design implementation strategies - full custom circuit design and standard cell-based semi-custom design. The document provides details on standard cell libraries, floorplanning, gate arrays, and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and concludes with a comparison of the different design styles.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing principles including:
1) Coordinate dimensioning and tolerancing standards.
2) Limits, fits, and surface properties.
3) Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing.
It emphasizes that engineering drawings are important contractual documents that specify components and assemblies with precise dimensions, tolerances, notes, and other details.
1. The document discusses different types of threaded fasteners including bolts, nuts, screws, and studs. It covers thread terminology, types of threads, and how to draw and dimension threaded parts.
2. Methods for cutting external and internal threads are described. Metric and imperial thread standards are also outlined.
3. Detailed steps are provided for drawing bolts, nuts, studs, cap screws, and set screws including terminology, applications, and dimensional conventions.
The document discusses different types of threaded fasteners including bolts, studs, screws, and set screws. It defines threaded fastener terminology such as external and internal threads, major and minor diameters, pitch, and thread forms. It also provides steps for drawing representations of various threaded fasteners and holes.
Type of threads - How to identify threadsTeesing BV
This document provides information about different types of threads, including metric (M), BSPP, BSPT, NPT, UNC, and UNF threads. It discusses the key characteristics that define each type of thread such as diameter, pitch, taper angle, and flank angle. Examples are given for various common thread sizes of each type. In addition, the document addresses frequently asked questions about identifying threads, determining if threads are tapered or parallel, differences between BSPP and BSPT, thread sealing, and thread compatibility.
This document provides information about thread cutting tools and procedures. It discusses various types of taps used to cut internal threads, including hand taps, tap sizes and sets of taps. It also discusses tap drill sizes, how to tap holes, and methods for removing broken taps. Additionally, it covers threading dies used to cut external threads and the procedures for using hand dies. The objectives are to understand thread cutting tools and processes for both internal and external threads in inch and metric systems.
System partitioning in VLSI and its considerationsSubash John
System partitioning divides a large circuit into smaller subcircuits. This allows the subcircuits to be designed independently and in parallel, speeding up the design process. Effective partitioning aims to minimize connections between subcircuits. Tool-based partitioning allows constraints to be set to generate a partitioned netlist that balances subcircuit sizes and minimizes connections between top-level blocks.
Implementation strategies for digital icsaroosa khan
The document discusses various digital integrated circuit design implementation strategies. It describes very large scale integration (VLSI) and the VLSI design cycle. It then covers Moore's law, productivity growth rates, and two main design implementation strategies - full custom circuit design and standard cell-based semi-custom design. The document provides details on standard cell libraries, floorplanning, gate arrays, and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and concludes with a comparison of the different design styles.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing principles including:
1) Coordinate dimensioning and tolerancing standards.
2) Limits, fits, and surface properties.
3) Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing.
It emphasizes that engineering drawings are important contractual documents that specify components and assemblies with precise dimensions, tolerances, notes, and other details.
1. The document discusses different types of threaded fasteners including bolts, nuts, screws, and studs. It covers thread terminology, types of threads, and how to draw and dimension threaded parts.
2. Methods for cutting external and internal threads are described. Metric and imperial thread standards are also outlined.
3. Detailed steps are provided for drawing bolts, nuts, studs, cap screws, and set screws including terminology, applications, and dimensional conventions.
The document discusses different types of threaded fasteners including bolts, studs, screws, and set screws. It defines threaded fastener terminology such as external and internal threads, major and minor diameters, pitch, and thread forms. It also provides steps for drawing representations of various threaded fasteners and holes.
Type of threads - How to identify threadsTeesing BV
This document provides information about different types of threads, including metric (M), BSPP, BSPT, NPT, UNC, and UNF threads. It discusses the key characteristics that define each type of thread such as diameter, pitch, taper angle, and flank angle. Examples are given for various common thread sizes of each type. In addition, the document addresses frequently asked questions about identifying threads, determining if threads are tapered or parallel, differences between BSPP and BSPT, thread sealing, and thread compatibility.
This document provides information about thread cutting tools and procedures. It discusses various types of taps used to cut internal threads, including hand taps, tap sizes and sets of taps. It also discusses tap drill sizes, how to tap holes, and methods for removing broken taps. Additionally, it covers threading dies used to cut external threads and the procedures for using hand dies. The objectives are to understand thread cutting tools and processes for both internal and external threads in inch and metric systems.
This document contains slides from a PowerPoint presentation on an introduction to AutoCAD. It discusses what CAD, CADD, and CAE stand for and the typical elements of a CAD system, including computers, input/output devices, operating software, and CAD application software like AutoCAD. It also covers basic CAD software commands, the CAD lab in room 1618, how to start a new AutoCAD drawing, set units and limits, and provides an example of making a basic first drawing in AutoCAD.
The document discusses the design parameters, types, and uses of rivets. It outlines that the pitch between rivets should allow for head forming and the back pitch between rows should be 2.5-3 times the rivet diameter. Riveted joints are mainly lap joints or butt joints. The document also describes caulking and fullering operations, desirable qualities for rivet material, and the applications of different rivet head types.
The document provides information about printed circuit board design, including requirements specification, computer-aided design procedures, general design principles, and guidelines. It discusses establishing requirements, schematic entry, component placement, routing connections, design rule checks, and plotting. It also covers determining design standards, component outlines, placement techniques, wiring orientation, and considerations for board size and conductor widths/spacings.
This document summarizes a lecture on metal properties and includes details about a workshop assignment. The workshop involves determining engineering and true strains and stresses at yield and maximum load points using a stress-strain curve for steel A-36. It also includes calculating the load required to compress a steel specimen from 10mm to 8mm height. Equations for engineering and true stress-strain are provided to help complete the assignment calculations.
Numerical Analysis of Unstiffened Spherical Bolt End-Plate Moment Connection ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a numerical analysis of unstiffened spherical bolt end-plate moment connections with web and flange openings under thermal conditions. A finite element analysis was conducted using ANSYS software to model and analyze beam-column connections with varying web and flange opening sizes. The objectives were to study the impact on load carrying capacity with and without openings, and to determine the optimal size and position of openings. The analysis considered various hole diameters and positions. Validation of the finite element model was performed by comparing results to literature. Parametric studies were then carried out by varying the hole diameter to determine its effect on structural response.
The document discusses Creo cabling software for 3D cable harness modeling. It provides benefits of 3D cabling such as connection to electrical CAD, complete 3D models, and enhanced bills of materials. Creo cabling connects mechanical and electrical CAD and allows for concurrent engineering of harnesses. Key features include different cable types, automatic routing, electrical component libraries, and manufacturing drawing output. Example customer applications described include mobile cranes, printing devices, and agricultural machinery.
Op Componenten geBaseerde Eindige Elementen Model voor staalverbindingen
Veertig jaar geleden werd numerieke analyse van staalverbindingen door sommige onderzoekers als een niet-wetenschappelijk geval gezien. Twintig jaar later is het reeds een breed gebruikte toevoeging en uitbreiding van het experimentele en theoretische werk. Vandaag is numerieke analyse, en met name numerieke mechanica en vloeistofdynamica, algemeen gebruikt, als een onvervangbaar ontwerphulpmiddel en katalysator voor meerdere onderzoeksgebieden. De aanbevelingen voor de berekening m.b.v. deze geavanceerde, numerieke modellering is hoewel verborgen, maar gereed om te gebruiken volgens hoofdstuk 5 en bijlage C van EN 1993-1-5:2005.
Om de mogelijkheden van de praktische toepassing en de kennis van het gedrag van staalverbindingen te verenigen in de geavanceerde berekening door eindige elementen methode (EEM), is de Componenten geBaseerde Eindige Elementen Model (CBEEM) ontwikkeld. Het model gebruikt de EEM voor de totale berekening van de snedekrachten in de verbinding. Het materiaalmodel gebruikt het elasto-plastische gedrag met de grenswaarde van 5% plastificatie. Het EE-net moet automatisch gemaakt worden en worden geverifieerd, zodat een goede weergave van het gedrag volgens een plastische berekening verkregen wordt.
Met name de verbindingsmiddelen, zoals lassen, bouten of gedrukte, slanke platen worden beschouwd, als een component met een stijfheid, sterkte- en vervormingweerstand. Deze procedure stelt men in staat om de ontwikkeling van de snedekrachten te beschouwen tijdens het belasten van eenvoudige of complexe verbindingen, de juiste beschouwing van de weerstand van de verbinding belast door eenvoudige of complexe belastingsituaties te doen, en de inschatting van de vervormingscapaciteit van de verbindingen en de aansluiting zelf te maken.
De enige manier om de juistheid van de gesimuleerde resultaten in het geval van complexe modellen aan te tonen is via een methodische validatie- en verificatieproces. Om de juistheid van de toepassing van CBEEM voor de berekening van verbindingen te controleren is een hiërarchische verificatie voorbereid t.o.v. de componentenmethode voor verbindingen van open profielen volgens hoofdstuk 6 van EN 1993-1-8:2006 en verbindingen van kokerprofielen in ISO 14346:2014. De validatie tegen gepubliceerde en eigen experimentele resultaten is gebruikt voor complexe situaties. Deze benchmark resultaten zijn beschikbaar voor de gebruiker om het juiste gebruik van het hulpmiddel toe te staan.
Het seminar zal de huidige stand van zaken m.b.t. verbindingsontwerp opsommen. Tevens zal de methode van het CBEEM-hulpmiddel worden getoond aan de hand van software.
Implementing the latest embedded component technology from concept-to-manufac...Zuken
This document discusses implementing embedded components in printed circuit boards from concept to manufacturing. It begins with an overview of embedded component technologies and their advantages like increased density and performance. Common challenges are then addressed such as meeting tolerance requirements for formed components and impact on thermal behavior. The document emphasizes the importance of considering manufacturability early in the design process and working closely with manufacturers to define dedicated design rules. It concludes that a true 3D design approach is necessary to effectively implement embedded component technologies.
This document provides an introduction to VLSI physical design automation. It discusses how physical design converts a circuit description into a geometric layout and involves steps like partitioning, floorplanning, placement, and routing. The document notes that physical design has become a dominant force in the design cycle due to deep submicron scaling. It also discusses ongoing challenges in physical design like the need for more optimal placement algorithms and the importance of considering manufacturability effects.
The document provides details of the internship project involving analysis and design of a school building structural system. It includes modeling the building in ETABS, defining loads, material properties and sections, running analysis to obtain results like bending moments, and designing structural elements like beams and columns based on the code provisions. The intern gained practical experience in structural planning, modeling, analysis, design, and gained knowledge on applying concepts learned in class to real-life projects.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Anchor Block and Penstock Pipe of a Hydroelectr...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and analysis of an anchor block and penstock pipe for the Thottiyar hydroelectric project in Kerala, India. It provides details on the design methodology, which involves collecting preliminary site data, studying the relevant design codes, and using software like Microsoft Excel to iteratively design the anchor block and size the penstock pipe to withstand expected water pressures and hammer effects. The sample anchor block design is presented along with conclusions on satisfying stability criteria and determining appropriate penstock pipe thicknesses.
Finite element analysis of center pin and bracket of jig fixture assembly ijm...Dr.Vikas Deulgaonkar
The manufacturing industry caters the range of products to satisfy the ever changing market needs.
To overcome the increasing production demands, the industry implies various techniques. We need a technique for
increasing the production of drilling two holes on a Railway Pinion, improve the quality of product and reduce the
operation time. This project aims to design the Jig and Fixture for the same. The 3-dimensional Computer Aided Model
of the components is made using CATIA V5-R21 software. To study the behavior of component, simulation is carried out.
Preprocessing of the CAD model is carried in Hypermesh software. Boundary conditions are applied using physical
situations of the components. Finite element analysis of the components is done, and the results obtained are compared
with the theoretical analysis and also with the available literature. The stresses and deformations are found within desired limits. Using FE analysis, the parts are manufactured and assembled.
Analysis And Design of Pre-Engineered Building Using Indian And Equivalent Am...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a pre-engineered building (PEB) using Indian and American design codes. It describes the objectives of studying PEB design using STAAD Pro software. It also reviews literature on PEB design and analysis and identifies a research gap in using different steel section profiles to optimize weight. The methodology section then outlines the PEB design process using STAAD Pro. This includes considering frame geometry, design codes, load calculations, and connection design philosophy to achieve a structurally sound design with minimum weight. Finally, the building input data and load calculations for a sample industrial shed PEB are presented.
Analysis And Design of Pre-Engineered Building Using Indian And Equivalent Am...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a pre-engineered building (PEB) using Indian and American design codes. It describes the objectives of studying PEB design using STAAD Pro software. It also reviews literature on PEB design and analysis and identifies a research gap in using different steel section profiles to optimize weight. The methodology section then outlines the PEB design process using STAAD Pro. This includes considering frame geometry, design codes, load calculations, and connection design philosophy to achieve a structurally sound design with minimum weight. Finally, the building input data and load calculations for a sample industrial shed PEB are presented.
Finite element analysis (FEA) involves breaking a model down into small pieces called finite elements. FEA was first developed in 1943 and involved numerical analysis techniques. By the 1970s, FEA was used primarily by aerospace, automotive, and defense industries due to the high cost of computers. Modern FEA involves preprocessing like meshing a model, applying properties and boundary conditions, solving the model using software, and postprocessing to analyze results like stresses and displacements.
This document provides an introduction to a course on CMOS analog circuit design. It discusses the objectives of the course which is to teach analog integrated circuit design using CMOS technology. It outlines the lecture topics which include an introduction to analog design, the skillset required, trends in analog design, notation and symbols. It also discusses the prerequisites for the course and how the course will be organized based on a reference text.
Datum Features:
Functional datum, datum for manufacturing, changing the datum;examples.
Component Design:
Design features to facilitate machining: drills, milling cutters, keyways, Doweling procedures, counter sunk screws, Reduction of machined area, simplification by separation, simplification by amalgamation, Design for machinability, Design for economy, Design for clampability, Design for accessibility. Design for assembly
CMOS design rules specify geometric constraints for circuit layouts including minimum line widths, feature dimensions, and separations between features. This ensures high manufacturing yield and reliability while minimizing silicon area usage. The rules determine minimum transistor sizes and separations between nMOS and pMOS transistors. Violating the rules can cause issues like increased resistance, open or short circuits during fabrication.
The document discusses circuit design processes and stick diagrams. It begins by introducing MOS layers and objectives of understanding stick diagrams, design rules, and layout. It then covers stick diagrams in depth, explaining that they show relative component placement and layer information through color codes as an interface between symbolic circuits and layouts. Examples of stick diagram rules, notations, and common MOS circuits are provided. Finally, it discusses design rules, explaining that they define feature sizes and spacings to interface between circuits and fabrication processes while allowing for manufacturing tolerances.
The document discusses tools used in a fitting shop, including holding, cutting, striking, and measuring tools. It describes bench vices, hacksaws and their parts, files and their specifications, various types of chisels, drills, reamers, taps, dies, hammers, marking tools like scribers and dividers, and precision measuring tools like micrometers, vernier calipers, and depth gauges. The fitting process involves assembling parts made in the machine shop using these different tools.
Fasteners such as nails, screws, bolts and nuts are used to join materials together. The document discusses different types of fasteners and factors to consider when selecting a fastener, including strength, cost, installation requirements. It provides details on common fasteners like nails, wood screws, machine screws, bolts and nuts, and describes standards for dimensions, materials, and grades. Proper fastener selection depends on the application, loads involved, and materials being joined.
This document contains slides from a PowerPoint presentation on an introduction to AutoCAD. It discusses what CAD, CADD, and CAE stand for and the typical elements of a CAD system, including computers, input/output devices, operating software, and CAD application software like AutoCAD. It also covers basic CAD software commands, the CAD lab in room 1618, how to start a new AutoCAD drawing, set units and limits, and provides an example of making a basic first drawing in AutoCAD.
The document discusses the design parameters, types, and uses of rivets. It outlines that the pitch between rivets should allow for head forming and the back pitch between rows should be 2.5-3 times the rivet diameter. Riveted joints are mainly lap joints or butt joints. The document also describes caulking and fullering operations, desirable qualities for rivet material, and the applications of different rivet head types.
The document provides information about printed circuit board design, including requirements specification, computer-aided design procedures, general design principles, and guidelines. It discusses establishing requirements, schematic entry, component placement, routing connections, design rule checks, and plotting. It also covers determining design standards, component outlines, placement techniques, wiring orientation, and considerations for board size and conductor widths/spacings.
This document summarizes a lecture on metal properties and includes details about a workshop assignment. The workshop involves determining engineering and true strains and stresses at yield and maximum load points using a stress-strain curve for steel A-36. It also includes calculating the load required to compress a steel specimen from 10mm to 8mm height. Equations for engineering and true stress-strain are provided to help complete the assignment calculations.
Numerical Analysis of Unstiffened Spherical Bolt End-Plate Moment Connection ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a numerical analysis of unstiffened spherical bolt end-plate moment connections with web and flange openings under thermal conditions. A finite element analysis was conducted using ANSYS software to model and analyze beam-column connections with varying web and flange opening sizes. The objectives were to study the impact on load carrying capacity with and without openings, and to determine the optimal size and position of openings. The analysis considered various hole diameters and positions. Validation of the finite element model was performed by comparing results to literature. Parametric studies were then carried out by varying the hole diameter to determine its effect on structural response.
The document discusses Creo cabling software for 3D cable harness modeling. It provides benefits of 3D cabling such as connection to electrical CAD, complete 3D models, and enhanced bills of materials. Creo cabling connects mechanical and electrical CAD and allows for concurrent engineering of harnesses. Key features include different cable types, automatic routing, electrical component libraries, and manufacturing drawing output. Example customer applications described include mobile cranes, printing devices, and agricultural machinery.
Op Componenten geBaseerde Eindige Elementen Model voor staalverbindingen
Veertig jaar geleden werd numerieke analyse van staalverbindingen door sommige onderzoekers als een niet-wetenschappelijk geval gezien. Twintig jaar later is het reeds een breed gebruikte toevoeging en uitbreiding van het experimentele en theoretische werk. Vandaag is numerieke analyse, en met name numerieke mechanica en vloeistofdynamica, algemeen gebruikt, als een onvervangbaar ontwerphulpmiddel en katalysator voor meerdere onderzoeksgebieden. De aanbevelingen voor de berekening m.b.v. deze geavanceerde, numerieke modellering is hoewel verborgen, maar gereed om te gebruiken volgens hoofdstuk 5 en bijlage C van EN 1993-1-5:2005.
Om de mogelijkheden van de praktische toepassing en de kennis van het gedrag van staalverbindingen te verenigen in de geavanceerde berekening door eindige elementen methode (EEM), is de Componenten geBaseerde Eindige Elementen Model (CBEEM) ontwikkeld. Het model gebruikt de EEM voor de totale berekening van de snedekrachten in de verbinding. Het materiaalmodel gebruikt het elasto-plastische gedrag met de grenswaarde van 5% plastificatie. Het EE-net moet automatisch gemaakt worden en worden geverifieerd, zodat een goede weergave van het gedrag volgens een plastische berekening verkregen wordt.
Met name de verbindingsmiddelen, zoals lassen, bouten of gedrukte, slanke platen worden beschouwd, als een component met een stijfheid, sterkte- en vervormingweerstand. Deze procedure stelt men in staat om de ontwikkeling van de snedekrachten te beschouwen tijdens het belasten van eenvoudige of complexe verbindingen, de juiste beschouwing van de weerstand van de verbinding belast door eenvoudige of complexe belastingsituaties te doen, en de inschatting van de vervormingscapaciteit van de verbindingen en de aansluiting zelf te maken.
De enige manier om de juistheid van de gesimuleerde resultaten in het geval van complexe modellen aan te tonen is via een methodische validatie- en verificatieproces. Om de juistheid van de toepassing van CBEEM voor de berekening van verbindingen te controleren is een hiërarchische verificatie voorbereid t.o.v. de componentenmethode voor verbindingen van open profielen volgens hoofdstuk 6 van EN 1993-1-8:2006 en verbindingen van kokerprofielen in ISO 14346:2014. De validatie tegen gepubliceerde en eigen experimentele resultaten is gebruikt voor complexe situaties. Deze benchmark resultaten zijn beschikbaar voor de gebruiker om het juiste gebruik van het hulpmiddel toe te staan.
Het seminar zal de huidige stand van zaken m.b.t. verbindingsontwerp opsommen. Tevens zal de methode van het CBEEM-hulpmiddel worden getoond aan de hand van software.
Implementing the latest embedded component technology from concept-to-manufac...Zuken
This document discusses implementing embedded components in printed circuit boards from concept to manufacturing. It begins with an overview of embedded component technologies and their advantages like increased density and performance. Common challenges are then addressed such as meeting tolerance requirements for formed components and impact on thermal behavior. The document emphasizes the importance of considering manufacturability early in the design process and working closely with manufacturers to define dedicated design rules. It concludes that a true 3D design approach is necessary to effectively implement embedded component technologies.
This document provides an introduction to VLSI physical design automation. It discusses how physical design converts a circuit description into a geometric layout and involves steps like partitioning, floorplanning, placement, and routing. The document notes that physical design has become a dominant force in the design cycle due to deep submicron scaling. It also discusses ongoing challenges in physical design like the need for more optimal placement algorithms and the importance of considering manufacturability effects.
The document provides details of the internship project involving analysis and design of a school building structural system. It includes modeling the building in ETABS, defining loads, material properties and sections, running analysis to obtain results like bending moments, and designing structural elements like beams and columns based on the code provisions. The intern gained practical experience in structural planning, modeling, analysis, design, and gained knowledge on applying concepts learned in class to real-life projects.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Anchor Block and Penstock Pipe of a Hydroelectr...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and analysis of an anchor block and penstock pipe for the Thottiyar hydroelectric project in Kerala, India. It provides details on the design methodology, which involves collecting preliminary site data, studying the relevant design codes, and using software like Microsoft Excel to iteratively design the anchor block and size the penstock pipe to withstand expected water pressures and hammer effects. The sample anchor block design is presented along with conclusions on satisfying stability criteria and determining appropriate penstock pipe thicknesses.
Finite element analysis of center pin and bracket of jig fixture assembly ijm...Dr.Vikas Deulgaonkar
The manufacturing industry caters the range of products to satisfy the ever changing market needs.
To overcome the increasing production demands, the industry implies various techniques. We need a technique for
increasing the production of drilling two holes on a Railway Pinion, improve the quality of product and reduce the
operation time. This project aims to design the Jig and Fixture for the same. The 3-dimensional Computer Aided Model
of the components is made using CATIA V5-R21 software. To study the behavior of component, simulation is carried out.
Preprocessing of the CAD model is carried in Hypermesh software. Boundary conditions are applied using physical
situations of the components. Finite element analysis of the components is done, and the results obtained are compared
with the theoretical analysis and also with the available literature. The stresses and deformations are found within desired limits. Using FE analysis, the parts are manufactured and assembled.
Analysis And Design of Pre-Engineered Building Using Indian And Equivalent Am...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a pre-engineered building (PEB) using Indian and American design codes. It describes the objectives of studying PEB design using STAAD Pro software. It also reviews literature on PEB design and analysis and identifies a research gap in using different steel section profiles to optimize weight. The methodology section then outlines the PEB design process using STAAD Pro. This includes considering frame geometry, design codes, load calculations, and connection design philosophy to achieve a structurally sound design with minimum weight. Finally, the building input data and load calculations for a sample industrial shed PEB are presented.
Analysis And Design of Pre-Engineered Building Using Indian And Equivalent Am...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a pre-engineered building (PEB) using Indian and American design codes. It describes the objectives of studying PEB design using STAAD Pro software. It also reviews literature on PEB design and analysis and identifies a research gap in using different steel section profiles to optimize weight. The methodology section then outlines the PEB design process using STAAD Pro. This includes considering frame geometry, design codes, load calculations, and connection design philosophy to achieve a structurally sound design with minimum weight. Finally, the building input data and load calculations for a sample industrial shed PEB are presented.
Finite element analysis (FEA) involves breaking a model down into small pieces called finite elements. FEA was first developed in 1943 and involved numerical analysis techniques. By the 1970s, FEA was used primarily by aerospace, automotive, and defense industries due to the high cost of computers. Modern FEA involves preprocessing like meshing a model, applying properties and boundary conditions, solving the model using software, and postprocessing to analyze results like stresses and displacements.
This document provides an introduction to a course on CMOS analog circuit design. It discusses the objectives of the course which is to teach analog integrated circuit design using CMOS technology. It outlines the lecture topics which include an introduction to analog design, the skillset required, trends in analog design, notation and symbols. It also discusses the prerequisites for the course and how the course will be organized based on a reference text.
Datum Features:
Functional datum, datum for manufacturing, changing the datum;examples.
Component Design:
Design features to facilitate machining: drills, milling cutters, keyways, Doweling procedures, counter sunk screws, Reduction of machined area, simplification by separation, simplification by amalgamation, Design for machinability, Design for economy, Design for clampability, Design for accessibility. Design for assembly
CMOS design rules specify geometric constraints for circuit layouts including minimum line widths, feature dimensions, and separations between features. This ensures high manufacturing yield and reliability while minimizing silicon area usage. The rules determine minimum transistor sizes and separations between nMOS and pMOS transistors. Violating the rules can cause issues like increased resistance, open or short circuits during fabrication.
The document discusses circuit design processes and stick diagrams. It begins by introducing MOS layers and objectives of understanding stick diagrams, design rules, and layout. It then covers stick diagrams in depth, explaining that they show relative component placement and layer information through color codes as an interface between symbolic circuits and layouts. Examples of stick diagram rules, notations, and common MOS circuits are provided. Finally, it discusses design rules, explaining that they define feature sizes and spacings to interface between circuits and fabrication processes while allowing for manufacturing tolerances.
The document discusses tools used in a fitting shop, including holding, cutting, striking, and measuring tools. It describes bench vices, hacksaws and their parts, files and their specifications, various types of chisels, drills, reamers, taps, dies, hammers, marking tools like scribers and dividers, and precision measuring tools like micrometers, vernier calipers, and depth gauges. The fitting process involves assembling parts made in the machine shop using these different tools.
Fasteners such as nails, screws, bolts and nuts are used to join materials together. The document discusses different types of fasteners and factors to consider when selecting a fastener, including strength, cost, installation requirements. It provides details on common fasteners like nails, wood screws, machine screws, bolts and nuts, and describes standards for dimensions, materials, and grades. Proper fastener selection depends on the application, loads involved, and materials being joined.
The document discusses various types of fasteners used in automotive applications. It covers English and metric bolt sizing standards including diameter, thread pitch, length and grade. It also covers nuts, washers, screws, rivets and other fastener types. Recommended torque specifications are provided for different bolt grades. Methods for removing broken bolts, thread repair, and types of thread locking compounds are also summarized.
This document discusses various types of fasteners used in automobiles to join parts together. It describes different threaded fasteners like bolts, nuts, and screws. Both imperial and metric threaded fasteners are covered. Other fastening methods like spot welding, soldering, rivets, clips, and adhesives are also listed. Key details about bolt and nut grades, washers, and proper tightening procedures are provided.
The document discusses various topics relating to threaded fasteners including types of fasteners, materials and grades, tightening torque, and manufacturing processes. It notes that a Boeing 747 uses around 2.5 million fasteners including 70,000 titanium bolts costing $150,000. Tightening bolts to the specified torque is important as it ensures an even load distribution and prevents parts from loosening or failing. Common bolt manufacturing methods include forging, rolling, and thread rolling which strengthen the material.
This document provides an overview of different types of fasteners including materials, corrosion resistance properties, drive types, head styles, measurements, and grades. Some key points covered include:
- Common fastener materials include alloy steel, brass, bronze, chrome/nickel-plated steel, stainless steel, galvanized steel, and zinc-plated steel. Materials vary in corrosion resistance and cost.
- Drive types for installing fasteners include Phillips, Frearson, Pozidriv, slotted, hex socket, Torx, and square drives, each with advantages and limitations.
- Head styles include hex, pan, flat, round, oval, truss, socket, and button heads
This document outlines a presentation on threaded fasteners for an engineering graphics course. It introduces threaded fastener terminology, various thread forms and their applications. It also covers specifications for unified and metric threaded fasteners including diameter, pitch, class and hand. Representations of threads, tapped holes, and other fasteners are shown. Important references for designing with threaded fasteners are also provided. The goal is to develop students' skills in defining, drawing and specifying threaded fasteners.
This document provides information on different types of fasteners and springs. It discusses permanent and temporary fasteners, as well as threaded and non-threaded types. Key fastener details like diameter, thread type, class of fit, and standards are defined. It also outlines the purpose of different spring types and important spring dimensions like free length and spring rate that need to be specified.
This document provides information on different types of fasteners and springs. It discusses permanent and temporary fasteners such as welding, gluing, riveting, bolts, and screws. It also covers threaded and non-threaded fasteners. The purposes of fasteners are to hold parts together or allow movement. Thread standards such as UNC and UNF are also described. Additionally, the document discusses spring types, important spring dimensions, how to specify springs, and methods to represent springs in drawings.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by providing a button to click to begin the process. The document is advertising the creation of presentations on Haiku Deck and SlideShare.
This document discusses different types of drilling machines and their functions. It describes bench drilling machines, which are light duty machines used in small workshops to drill holes from 1 to 15 mm in diameter. Radial drilling machines are heavy duty machines used to drill larger holes, up to 7.5 cm, in heavy workpieces. The document outlines the parts and working of bench drilling machines and radial drilling machines. It also covers drilling machine operations like reaming, boring, counterboring, countersinking, spot facing and tapping.
The document discusses drilling machines and drilling operations. It describes different types of drilling machines like sensitive drilling machines, up-right drilling machines, and radial drilling machines. It also discusses drill materials like HSS and carbide tipped drills. Various drilling operations like drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, countersinking and tapping are described. Work holding devices and tool holding methods are also summarized.
The document discusses drilling machines and drilling operations. It describes different types of drilling machines like sensitive drilling machines, up-right drilling machines, and radial drilling machines. It also discusses drill materials like HSS and carbide-tipped drills. Various drilling operations like drilling, reaming, boring, counterboring, countersinking, and tapping are described. Work holding devices and tool holding methods are also summarized. Key drilling definitions and safety precautions for operating drilling machines are provided.
This document discusses various methods for mechanical assembly of parts. It describes common fastening methods like threaded fasteners, rivets, press fits, and snap fits. Threaded fasteners are the most important category and include screws, bolts, and nuts. Rivets are used to create permanent joints, while some methods like threaded fasteners allow for disassembly. Proper design can improve manufacturability and reduce assembly costs through principles like design for assembly.
This document discusses abrasive machining and finishing processes. It provides figures and descriptions of various abrasive machining operations including grinding wheels, bonded abrasives, grinding processes like surface grinding and cylindrical grinding. It also covers superabrasive wheels, grinding parameters like speed and feed, and finishing processes like honing, lapping, polishing and chemical mechanical polishing. The document is from a manufacturing textbook and presents information on abrasive processes in a technical manner with many supporting figures and diagrams.
This document discusses various machining processes used to produce round shapes, including turning, boring, drilling, reaming, and tapping. It describes the components and operations of lathes and other machine tools used in these processes. Guidelines are provided for cutting speeds, feeds, and other parameters. Examples of parts produced by these methods are also shown.
This document discusses various machining processes used to produce round shapes, including turning, boring, drilling, reaming, and tapping. It provides details on lathes and their components and operations. Different types of tools used for turning are described, along with recommendations for speeds, feeds, and other parameters. Hole making processes like drilling, reaming and tapping are also covered, along with the tools used and general guidelines. Examples of complex parts produced using CNC lathes and other machine tools are shown.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
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IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
2. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt2
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Skill-Development GoalsSkill-Development Goals
Define and Label the Parts of A Screw
Thread
Identify Various Screw Thread Forms
Draw Screws in Forms
• Detailed
• Schematic
• Simplified
Properly Apply Screw Thread Technical
Specifications
4. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt4
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Skill-Development GoalsSkill-Development Goals
State the Two MOST Important
Threaded Fastener References for
Structural (Mech/Civ/Chem) Design
Engineers
Use AutoCAD to QUICKLY Draw Most
Threaded Fasteners in Any Size and
Any Representation
Invoke the AutoCAD “Design Center”
tool to Construct Fastener
Representations
5. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt5
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Threaded FastenersThreaded Fasteners
Helical Threads Have Three Main
Applications
1. Used to HOLD parts together
• The Classic Application
2. Used to ADJUST the Position of parts with
reference to one another
• The “Screw Adjustment” knob
3. Used to TRANSMIT Power
• e.g, screw Jack,
Worm Gear Drive
9. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt9
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Unified (USA) Thread SeriesUnified (USA) Thread Series
The Unified System (UN) Adopted on
18-Nov-1948 by the USA, UK , &
Canada
• Made fasteners Interchangeable
The UN Designation (Spec) has Two
Main Elements
• The Major (outside) Diameter
– Specified by Either
A size No. running from 0-12 (0.06-0.216 inches)
The Major Dia, in Fractional (ugh!) inches (¼-4 inches)
• The Inverse Pitch in Threads per Inch
10. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt10
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
UN Thread Series – 6 TotalUN Thread Series – 6 Total
1. COARSE Series (UNC or NC)
• For General Use Where Rapid Assembly
is Required
– Threads Engage, or “Start” Easily
2. FINE Series (UNF or NF)
• For Applications Requiring Greater
Strength or Where the Length of
Engagement is Limited
– Used Extensively in Aircraft and
Automobile Manufacturing
11. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt11
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
UN Thread Series – contUN Thread Series – cont
3. EXTRA FINE Series (UNEF or NEF)
• For Highly Stressed Parts
3. 8N Series (8N)
• A Substitute for Coarse-Thread Series for
Diameters larger Than 1”
– All diameters have
8 threads per inch.
Often Used on bolts
for high pressure
pipe applications.
12. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt12
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
UN Thread Series – cont.2UN Thread Series – cont.2
5. 12N Series (12 UN or 12N)
• A Continuation of the Fine-Thread Series
for Diameters Larger than 1.5”
– All diameters have 12 thds/in. Used in boiler
work and in Machine Construction.
5. 16N Series (16 UN or 16N)
• A Continuation of the ExtraFine-Thread
Series for Diameters Larger than 2”
– All diameters have 16 thds/in. Used on
adjusting collars and other applications where
thread must have fine adjustment
regardless of diameter.
13. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt13
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Screw Fastener SpecificationScrew Fastener Specification
Defaults That Need NOT be Part of Callout
• NC or NF implied by Diameter & TPI
• Class → Default is 2A or 2B
• Hand → Default is RIGHT
14. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt14
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
UN Thread ClassesUN Thread Classes
Two Types of Classes
A. Refers to EXTERNAL Threads
(Bolts & Screws)
B. Refers to INTERNAL Threads
(Nuts & “Tapped” holes)
Class Descriptions
1. Provide Liberal Allowance for Ease of
Assembly Even When Threads are Dirty
or Slightly Damaged
• Not Commonly Used
15. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt15
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
UN Thread Classes contUN Thread Classes cont
Class Descriptions cont.
2. For Commercially Produced bolts,
screws, nuts, and other threaded
fasteners
• By Far the Most Common
3. Used in Precision Assemblies where a
Close Fit is Required to WithStand Stress
& Vibration
• Typical Use is Aircraft or other Hi-Vibration
Applications
17. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt17
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Left & Right Hand TreadsLeft & Right Hand Treads
Why LH Threads???
• To Distinguish a Critical Connection
• To Make One End of a Turn-Buckle
• When Needed to Counter Loosening
Tendency of Rotating Machinery
18. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt18
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Detailed Thread RepresentationDetailed Thread Representation
Used when diameter of thread is 1” or
larger on plotted or Hand drawing.
Use ONLY When It is Important to
Show the Function of the Thread
• Not Typical for Hand Drawings
19. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt19
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Simplified & Schematic FormsSimplified & Schematic Forms
Best Overall
Imply depth of thread with hidden lines for
simplified representation
Use alternating LONG THIN & SHORT
THICK lines to represent ROOT & CREST
lines in schematic representation
• Spacing is SCHEMATIC; need not Match
Actual Pitch
20. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt20
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Representation ComparisonRepresentation Comparison
Detailed → Very Laborious to Construct
• Very Infrequently Used on
Engineering Drawings
Simplified → Fast but Potentially
Confusing
• Hidden Lines can be Mistaken for
Object Features
Schematic → Best Overall
• Fast To Draw, Clearly ID’s the Threads
22. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt22
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Tapped HolesTapped Holes
To Avoid the use of a Thru-Hole & Nut,
The “Parent” Material of An object May
be Thread “Tapped”
• That is, Threads are Cut Into the Side of a
Hole Drilled into the Base Material
Even Thin parts may tapped By Use of
A thru Hole
• Rule of Thumb for the MINIMUM number
of threads = 3
– For Light-Duty applications, can use 1.5
24. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt24
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Pipe ThreadsPipe Threads
Pipe Threads have An INTERFERENCE
TAPER that Results in PERMANENT Material
DEFOMATION That (Hopefully) Produces
a Fluid-Tight Seal at the Joint.
26. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt26
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Pipe Thread RepresentationsPipe Thread Representations
Only ONE TPI Spec for Pipe Threads
• ASME B1.20.1-1983 = American National
Standard Taper Pipe Thread
National Pipe Thread (NPT) for Short
• Callout Requires Only the “NPT” Notation,
Along with the “Size”
27. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt27
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Bolts, Screws, and StudsBolts, Screws, and Studs
Does Anyone Know the Difference?
A BOLT is Used with A NUT
A SCREW is Used with A TAPPED hole
• The Hole May be SELF-Tapped
– e.g., Wood Screws
A STUD is a TREADED ROD that is
Inserted into a TAPPED HOLE to leave
Exposed a Threaded STEM
• A Stud May Also be WELDED to a Surface
30. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt30
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Insert AdvantagesInsert Advantages
Greater clamping pressure in softer materials -
provides higher strength, better seals.
Better user of high-tensile-strength fasteners.
Resistance to vibration in assembly.
High-quality standard threads without tapping.
Permanent, wear-resistant threads.
Protective of expensive castings and moldings.
Reduced performance loss from cold flow of plastic.
Reduce risks in molding cycle.
Easy to install in a drilled or molded hole.
Suitable for automatic installation.
Wide variety of types to fit virtually
any application
31. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt31
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Fastener Design ReferencesFastener Design References
If you design with Threaded Fasteners;
you MUST get access to These Books
ISBN: 0-8311- 2711-2 http://www.mcmaster.com/
33. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt33
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Wheel ReInventionWheel ReInvention
It has been estimated that CAD-Using
Engineers Spend up to 20 Hrs/Month
REDRAWING Part for their Designs
Avoid Reinventing the Wheel by
• Calling Part Maker and asking for CAD file
• Consult OnLine Parts DataBases
• Consult your Company’s CAD-Block Library
• Ask your Colleagues
• Check AutoCAD Tools
34. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt34
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Building a FastenerBuilding a Fastener
When I left Watkins-
Johnson Co. in 2000
We had 775 items in
our CAD Library
Let’s Build a A Bolt
from a “Forms” File
The Bolt/Screw
Spec
3/8-16 x 1.25 UNC
SH Cap Screw
35. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt35
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
All Done for TodayAll Done for Today
Fasteners
Make the
World Go
Round
Molded-In
Inserts for
Plastic Materials
Bolt-Failure by
Reversing-Load
Mechanical-
Fatigue
→ See ENGR45
37. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt37
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Build-Screw Demo - 1Build-Screw Demo - 1
1. Open File New File
using Acad.dwg
2. Make Layer “Bolt”
Continuous & GRN
3. Save As 38-
16_125_shcap.dwg
4. Set Snap to 0.1
5. Open Fastener
Forms file
• Threaded_Fastener
_Forms_0509.dwg
6. Find SH Cap Form
and Copy to ClipBd
7. Paste SHcap Form
into new dwg
8. Return to Forms
and Copy Detailed
Thread Rep
9. Paste detailed Thd-
Form into new-dwg
10.Chk Major dia at 1”
38. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt38
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Build-Screw Demo - 2Build-Screw Demo - 2
11.Scale all by Ratio
of 1:0.375
12.Move TopV of
Screw Head
13.Rotate Detailed
Thd-form by 90°
14.Explode screw
Side view
15.Make Xline at base
of Scr Hd
16.Offset xline to rt by
• 1.25 (scr length)
• 0.5 (unthd’s shank)
16.Erase Simplifed-
form lines
17.Stretch shank line
to 0.5 xline
18.Make xline on CL
of Screw
40. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt40
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Build-Screw Demo - 3Build-Screw Demo - 3
20.Trim & Erase
unused SideV line
to Rt of 0.5 xLine
21.Erase Unneeded
Thd-details
22.Connect UnThd’s
Shank to Thd’d
Major Dia. With
Fillet
23.Move TopV of Cap
Scr to Lt of SideV
24.Delete
• xLine
• Detailed Thd-Form
23.Put all objects on
Bolt Layer
24.Adjust LtScale to
0.1
41. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu • ENGR-22_Lec-20__Fasteners-1_Specs.ppt41
Bruce Mayer, PEEngineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics
Final ResultFinal Result
Caveat: Screw HEAD may NOT be to-
Scale for 3/8 Socket Head as we scaled
down from the 1” Version
• If Clearance is an issue, then Chk Hd
Diameter and Height against Machinery’s
HandBook
Editor's Notes
Examples
H2 connection on Firing Fnce
Blade nut on Circular saw
http://www.tec-ease.com/tips/august-97.htm
Calculating Additional Tolerance Permitted when a Position Tolerance is Modified at MMC. An additional tolerance, often called Bonus tolerance, is permitted when a position tolerance is modified at maximum material condition (MMC) and the actual mating envelope of the feature has departed from the MMC. In these illustrations, the part is black and the actual mating envelope is red.