This document discusses the development of DNA nanotechnology and its uses in molecular medicine and biology. It describes how DNA nanoparticles can be prepared from short oligonucleotides that are heated and slowly cooled to form larger structures. DNA origami and DNA tiles are formed using synthetic oligonucleotides to create 3D structures. DNA walkers and aptamers can selectively bind targets. Challenges include avoiding degradation and contamination. Potential medical uses include using silver and gold nanoparticles for antibacterial effects, using DNA origami to deliver doxorubicin to cancer cells, and using DNA nanotubes to deliver treatments for viral diseases.

1. Development of DNA Nanotechnology and
Uses in Molecular Medicine and Biology

2. Introduction….
• First discovered by Dr. Norio Taniguchi in
1974
• Nano particles are much more smaller
than human cell and even from micro-
organism
• Prepared from transition metals

3. Basis for nano medicine approaches are :
•Liposomes
• Macromolecules
System
•Polymeric
nanoparticles
• Nanotubes
• Bio- Conjucated system

4. Silver – Gold nano particles Formation :
• Inert gas condensation techniques :
Where evaporation of metal into an
inert atmosphere with subsequent
cooling for nucleation and growth of
nanoparticles occur.
• Antibacterial properties are
determined

5. DNA nano particles preparation….
Solid DNA
Made by synthesis short
oligonucleotide ( primer )
Heated at 90 C
Cool slowly at 20 C
present in 20mM Mgcl2
Large genomic DNA
2D – 3D structures
formed

6. DNA Holiday junction :
• DNA recombination intermediate
in cells
• Discovered by Dr. Rabin holiday
DNA Origami :
• Transformation of flat sheet paper into
an arbitrary shaped object through
folding and sculpting techniques
• Formation of 3D tensegrity origami

7. DNA Tiles and Nanotubes :
• As Ds-DNA fragements with sticky ends composed from few synthetic
oligonucleotides with multiple complementary hydrogen bonding.
• Three major strategies for formation are :
> Unmediated algorithimic
> Sequential stepwise assembly
> Directed nucleation

8. DNA Walker
• Ss-DNA or ss-RNA
oligonucleotide that can
selectively bind target
with high specificity .
DNA Aptamers
• Branched DNA strands
located on parental strand
hybrid could be hybridized
repeatedly by walking
staple strand

9. Problems of DNA-
Nanoparticles
• Requirements of DNAase ,
RNAase etc
• Over heating must be avoided
• Excess hydrolytic contaminations
must be avoided
• Reagents and chemicals must be
in aseptic conditions

10. Uses in Medicines
• Bacterial :
As Ag and Au has
very potent
antibacterial
activities and also
curemulti drug
resistant bacterial
infection
• Cancer :
Doxorubicin with
isosahedral and
hexagonal DNA
origami used to
deliver cancer cells
with success
• Viral Disease :
Versatile nature of
DNA nanotubes as
a carrier used