The document discusses the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in disaster risk management, highlighting the importance of collaboration and data sharing among emergency response organizations. Case studies illustrate IBM's deployment of disaster management systems and the challenges faced by responders during incidents, emphasizing the need for real-time communication and effective incident management. Solutions are proposed for improved coordination and operational efficiency through innovative technologies and frameworks, aimed at enhancing public safety and disaster preparedness initiatives.

1. Disaster Risk Management in the Information Age ICT, Disaster Risk Assessment, Mitigation, and Reduction Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security Andrew S. Levy IBM Corporate Service Corps Fellow [email_address]

2. Overview Disasters Happen – Corporate Response Lessons Learned From a Developing Region Technical Maturity Collaboration and Web 2.0 Plans, Information Requirements and Sources Modeling and Simulation Technology Vision and Integrated Solutions Enterprise Services / SOA Framework Case Studies / Client Examples Questions

3. “ IBM has a tradition of responding whenever there’s a disaster, whenever there’s a significant occurrence in one of the communities where we live and work. That’s part of being a good corporate citizen and also leverages IBM’s most fundamental assets – technology and the incredible skills and volunteerism of our employees.” Robin Willner Vice President IBM Global Community Initiatives

4. Free & Open Source (LAMP) application from community led by Lanka Software Foundation, Sri Lanka Modules include Organization registry, Request Management system, Shelter registry, Missing Persons registry, etc. IBM has deployed Sahana in collaboration with Lanka Software Foundation in recent disaster response efforts: Earthquake in Pakistan (August 2005) Earthquake in Peru (August 2007) Earthquake in Sichuan province, China (May 2008) Flooding in Bihar State, India (August 2008) Sahana Disaster Management System

5. Mitigation and Reduction Requires Training and Exercise

6. With Focus on Cultural Awareness, Environment and Change

7. ICT Can Be Core To The Solution, But Creates Challenges Effective public safety incident response and management requires coordination and information sharing in the field among multiple responder agencies. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and commercial enterprises face similar challenges when major disruptive or catastrophic incidents occur. Incident response and scene management is often hampered by the inability of mobile responders from different organizations to communicate. Major highway traffic incidents Train or aircraft crashes Multi-alarm fires Hazardous materials spills Contagious disease outbreaks Extreme weather events Earthquakes Hostage situations Terrorist attacks

8. Text messaging Access to federated data sources Basic incident management Instant Collaboration Solutions enable secure interoperability among government and commercial incident response organizations by providing the following functions to both mobile and office-based personnel Translating out-dated technology into business value Solutions Include Instant Collaboration and Web 2.0 Low total cost of ownership (TCO) Minimal impact upon existing IT investments Open, scalable, modular Web-based architecture Extensive use of commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) Solid security with role-based authorization Custom design, integration, delivery and support One-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many communications over various networks and end-user devices

9. Secure Wireless Infrastructure System On demand solution deployable at short notice, regardless of location Key in Disaster Recovery plan after a natural event or terrorist attack Enables Emergency Services to manage and coordinate their response effectively Provides an On-Demand high speed data network to remote locations or during crisis where local communications are non existent or have been temporarily impaired Wide Area Reach back to the Internet and/or Agency Intranet Wireless Local Area connectivity for onsite Servers, Laptops and handheld devices Secure Voice Services Support for legacy protocols and data services Exportable End-to-End encryption

10. Technology can provide critical information far beyond traditional monitoring for a wide range of practical usage, with flexibility and control . Information is useful before , during , and after a reported incident or response. Awareness of conditions reported, developing, or to be monitored Response with tactical video information to augment radio communications Speeds Investigation after a reported incident Evidence to support prosecution, with strict security and chain of custody – increased conviction rates, reduces litigation claims Effective Decisions  to Reach Virtually Anywhere  to Work Smarter Tools that Matter

11. Dynamic, Living Plans Plans in the form of static documents are ineffective Plans must be maintained as evolving, actionable information environments Planning environment must transition seamlessly into command and control environment Multi-Agency Coordination

12. Key Challenge - Information is Scattered Law Enforcement Data Exchanges Criminal Justice, Corrections Agencies Regional Centers of Operations Federal, Regional, Homeland Security Fire Dept, Early Responders, Other Disciplines Information Requirements

13. Enabling the Possibilities We must collect, integrate, and analyze the scattered pieces of data and information required to assemble the big picture

14. Modeling and Simulation Deep Thunder – Forecasts for Weather-Sensitive Operations Problem : weather-sensitive business operations are often reactive to short-term (3 to 36 hours), local conditions (city, county, state) due to unavailability of appropriate predicted data at this scale Energy, transportation, agriculture, insurance, broadcasting, sports, entertainment, tourism, construction, communications, emergency planning and security warnings Solution : application of reliable, affordable, weather models for predictive & proactive decision making & operational planning Numerical weather forecasts coupled to business processes Products and operations customized to business problems Competitive advantage -- efficiency, safety, security and economic & societal benefit

15. Networked Video - Wide Range of potential placements of Networked Video for Public Safety Streets, Roadways, Public Spaces Schools Effective Information Command Buses Public Safety Vehicles Personnel

16. IBM developed innovative camera enclosures and installations Network Edge Kit Flexibility in configuration, upgrades, visibility and maintenance Camera and sensors are independent of communications equipment and can be remotely mounted Upgrade to wireless: WiFi or Mesh Antenna mounted with either camera or communications

17. “ Who is Who?” Recognizes the single identity who is made up of multiple records Mr. Joseph Carbella 55 Church Street New York, NY 10007 Tel#: 212-693-5312 DOB: 07/08/66 SID#: 068588345 DL#: 544 210 836 Mr. Joe Jones APT 4909 Bethesda, MD 20814 Tel#: 978-365-6631 DOB: 09/07/66 Mr. Joe Carbello 1 Bourne St Clinton MA 01510 TEL#: 978-365 - 6631 DL#: 544 210 836 DOB: 07/09/66 Mr. Joey Carbello 555 Church Ave New York, NY 10070 Tel#: 212-693-5312 DL#: 544 210 836 PPN#: 086588345 Close match Exact match

18. Single Sign On Role Based Personalization Customization Navigation Security Integration on the Glass Operations Planning Incident Management Mapping People Finder Live Feeds Collaboration

19. Overview Overview Live chat See cameras on map Situational Awareness and Collaboration Real-time video with captions Awareness Live video feeds

20. Service Discovery Services Enterprise Service Management Services SOA Foundation – Accelerator Common Enterprise Services Enabled by IBM SOA Planning & Preparedness Services (Virtual Agility Corp) Incident Management Services (NC4 Corp) Decision Support Services (ThoughtWeb Corp) School Planning Services (SafePlans Corp) 3D Digital Building Services (Archaio Corp) ISV Services Geo Spatial & Situational Awareness Services (ESRI Corp) Radio Connect Services (KITS Corp) Network Services (CISCO Corp) Mass Alert Notification Services (Amatra Corp) Radio & System Technologies (Motorola Corp) Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Messaging Services Service Mediation Services Service Collaboration Services (Video Conf, Chat, Whiteboard etc.) Service Security Services (Secure Access, TIM, TAM, Single Sign On, DataPower) Service Service Service Service Service Service Enterprise Service Bus

21. Case Study: Child Abduction With Crime Information Warehouse 4 year old male abducted while he was with a babysitter and his mother was at work. The former babysitter came by and took the child claiming she had permission from the mother. Without Crime Information Warehouse Full Court Press: Police establish a task force and initiate investigative canvasses … the hours pass Prior to initiating a full court press the squad detective calls for assistance. The suspects id is entered in the system, which produces 7 names, 7 addresses, 3 DOB’s, & 6 SS numbers. Investigators easily find common denominator and locate the child and the suspect.

22. Connecting the Dots on 9 Holdups in 4 Boroughs - New York Times; November 12, 2006 9 robbery incidents across 4 boroughs …hold ups miles apart … a clever strategy 3 robbers; rental car, 2 chrome plated handguns, Always a mapped escape route … Faces covered with stockings and masks. Citywide patterns across boroughs were hard to detect. “We’ve had incidents where it’s taken time, more time, to identify a citywide pattern,” said Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly. The Last Robbery: The men fled the CVS, an employee called 911,and an alert was sent out across the police radio. Teams of detectives were waiting for them. The robbers got tangled in their predictable pattern. “ They charged us with all those robberies, but they caught us with one,” Mr. Belcon said.

23. “… Comprehensive, highly relevant, instantaneous information… transforming the way we solve crimes…” “… Shorty…” (a nickname) Recent Summons Known Addresses Relationships of Interest Parolees In Vicinity Suspect 1 Positive ID Suspect 2 Positive ID Arrests & Linkage to Crimes in Other Precincts Previous Arrests Information in context, in the hands of detectives, at the scene… (a tatoo)

24. Operation Golden Guardian 2007 (ARNORTH & State of California EMA) Benefits Deploy response capabilities Locate resources Improve planning capabilities Develop training scenarios Achieve interoperability and synchronization between 45 public agencies to include the US Army (ARNORTH) and the California State and Local Emergency Response Agencies and Command Centers. Industry: Government Solution: Virtual Operations Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name: Public Safety and Security Key Business Processes: Planning & Preparedness, Incident Management & Collaboration Enterprise Services for State and County Wide Governments Project Overview Disaster Preparedness Challenge Location: California State (4 Locations) Facts: San Diego, San Francisco, other System Facts: 200+ concurrent users responsible for Government man-made and natural disaster management. Both ARNORTH and California participating agencies wanted a common operating picture that showed a fused common operating picture across agency lines so that agencies could see the big picture - :On one sheet of music”. Improve accuracy Provide timely decision support Develop contingency plans Manage field data in real time

25. Gauteng Disaster Management Center GERIS Gauteng Emergency Information Resource Services Benefits Deploy response capabilities Locate resources Improve planning capabilities Develop training scenarios The Gauteng Province is exposed to an array of hazards that can threaten livelihoods and damage critical infrastructures. The Province will also be hosting the 2010 FIFA World Cup Games. Industry: Government Solution: I3 Framework – Virtual Operations Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name: Public Safety and Security Key Business Processes: Planning & Preparedness, Incident Management & Collaboration Enterprise Services for State and County Wide Governments Project Overview Business Challenge South Africa Location: South Africa, Province of Gauteng Facts: Largest cities Johannesburg and Pretoria, Population 9,688,100 System Facts: 200 concurrent users responsible for Government man-made and natural disaster management. The local government needed a real time Common Operating Picture and interoperability for its command center and officers in the field to prepare for emergencies and support emergency operations Improve accuracy Provide timely decision support Develop contingency plans Manage field data in real time

26. State of Missouri MERIS Missouri Emergency Resource Information System Benefits Event management regardless of scope and scale A common operating picture Support for private and public resource and asset management functions Integrated credentialing tools Minimization of redundant data input Public Safety Needs: Incident Management, Resource Tracking, Communications, Asset Request Processing for: Local City Public Safety Officials Local County Public Safety Officials All State Agencies Private Support Organizations All Hazards & Disciplines: Police, Fire Emergency, Medical, HAZMAT, Intelligence, Public Health & Pandemic Industry: Government Solution: I3 Framework – Virtual Operations Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name: Public Safety and Security Key Business Processes: Planning & Preparedness, Incident Management & Collaboration Enterprise Services for State and County Wide Governments Project Overview Business Challenge United States Location: United States, State of Missouri Facts: Population 5,842,713. 114 counties and one independent city (St Louis). System Facts: 400-600 concurrent Users, High Availability - Clustered Failover Design, NIMS compliant Geo-mapping options with a network link to a GIS data warehouse encompassing geo-data and aerial photography of the entire state Templates for planning, operations, resources, finance and intelligence functions Reports for current situation to include real-time weather and weather forecasting tools

27. Best Practices and Lessons Learned Networked security technologies significantly improve operational efficiency and reduce cost The days of standalone solutions are history The business requirements and the existing assets and infrastructure should drive the design Re-use or additional functionality that can be done with current assets Integration and interoperability are operational necessities Think across organizational boundaries With what existing systems will you need to integrate? SOA? With what other agencies or systems will you need to share information? Think long term There will be changes; how can you prepare so that they can be made with minimal impact on your operations? Who will host? How will the systems be supported and maintained and at what cost?

28. Additional Information citizencorps.blogspot.com www-03.ibm.com/industries/government/doc/jsp/indseg/all/f/index.jsp?re=gihome67gov Andrew S. Levy IBM Corporate Service Corps Fellow [email_address] Reaching over 13,000 people in over 1,400 cities in over 75 countries in 12 months.