Cyber threats are becoming more sophisticated and targeted attacks are harder to detect. Traditional security controls are no longer sufficient to defend against modern threats. Cyber intelligence provides total visibility into an organization's systems to detect emerging anomalies in real-time, before they become security incidents or crises. This intelligence-based approach uses adaptive technologies and skilled analysts to continuously learn, understand, and address developing issues. It aims to regain the advantage over attackers by enhancing visibility and informing timely decision-making.
The Top 20 Cyberattacks on Industrial Control SystemsMuhammad FAHAD
Executive Summary
No industrial operation is free of risk, and different industrial enterprises may legitimately have different “appetites” for certain types of risks. Evaluating cyber risk in industrial control system (ICS) networks is difficult, considering their complex nature. For example, an evaluation can consider (explicitly or implicitly) up to hundreds of millions of branches of a complex attack tree modelling of cyberattacks interaction with cyber, physical, safety and protection equipment and processes. This paper was written to assist cyber professionals to understand and communicate the results of such risk assessments to non-technical business decision-makers.
This paper proposes that cyber risk be communicated as a Design Basis Threat (DBT) line drawn through a representative “Top 20” set of cyberattacks spread across a spectrum of attack sophistication. These Top 20 attacks have been selected to represent cyber threats to industrial sites across a wide range of circumstances, consequences and sophistication. Many industrial cyber risk practitioners will find the list useful as-is, while expert practitioners may choose to adapt the list to their more detailed understanding of their own sites’ circumstances.
Cyber Training: Developing the Next Generation of Cyber AnalystsBooz Allen Hamilton
Part of the solution involves identifying and recruiting top thinkers into the field of cybersecurity, but the more immediate challenge is ensuring that cyber professionals have access to the training and information they need to keep their cyber intelligence analysis skills relevant and effective. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of the threat, education and training must be continuous, and this document focuses on strategies and best practices for developing a cyber force that maintains America’s position as a global leader in the information age.
100+ Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022Temok IT Services
Top 100 Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 According to the IBM Report, data breaches cost measured businesses $4.24 million per incident on average, the highest in the 17 years of history. However, the demand for cyber security professionals exceeded and created exciting job opportunities.
What i learned at issa international summit 2019Ulf Mattsson
This session will discuss what attendees learned at The ISSA International Summit 2019, held on October 1-2 at in Irving/Dallas, TX.
Learn from one of the presenters at this conference and what cybersecurity professionals got to share and learn from the leaders in the industry.
Over the last 30 years ISSA international has grown into the global community of choice for international cybersecurity professionals. With over 100 domestic and international chapters, members have world wide support with daily cyber threats that are becoming increasingly intricate and difficult to prevent, detect, and re-mediate.
The Top 20 Cyberattacks on Industrial Control SystemsMuhammad FAHAD
Executive Summary
No industrial operation is free of risk, and different industrial enterprises may legitimately have different “appetites” for certain types of risks. Evaluating cyber risk in industrial control system (ICS) networks is difficult, considering their complex nature. For example, an evaluation can consider (explicitly or implicitly) up to hundreds of millions of branches of a complex attack tree modelling of cyberattacks interaction with cyber, physical, safety and protection equipment and processes. This paper was written to assist cyber professionals to understand and communicate the results of such risk assessments to non-technical business decision-makers.
This paper proposes that cyber risk be communicated as a Design Basis Threat (DBT) line drawn through a representative “Top 20” set of cyberattacks spread across a spectrum of attack sophistication. These Top 20 attacks have been selected to represent cyber threats to industrial sites across a wide range of circumstances, consequences and sophistication. Many industrial cyber risk practitioners will find the list useful as-is, while expert practitioners may choose to adapt the list to their more detailed understanding of their own sites’ circumstances.
Cyber Training: Developing the Next Generation of Cyber AnalystsBooz Allen Hamilton
Part of the solution involves identifying and recruiting top thinkers into the field of cybersecurity, but the more immediate challenge is ensuring that cyber professionals have access to the training and information they need to keep their cyber intelligence analysis skills relevant and effective. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of the threat, education and training must be continuous, and this document focuses on strategies and best practices for developing a cyber force that maintains America’s position as a global leader in the information age.
100+ Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022Temok IT Services
Top 100 Cyber Security Interview Questions and Answers in 2022 According to the IBM Report, data breaches cost measured businesses $4.24 million per incident on average, the highest in the 17 years of history. However, the demand for cyber security professionals exceeded and created exciting job opportunities.
What i learned at issa international summit 2019Ulf Mattsson
This session will discuss what attendees learned at The ISSA International Summit 2019, held on October 1-2 at in Irving/Dallas, TX.
Learn from one of the presenters at this conference and what cybersecurity professionals got to share and learn from the leaders in the industry.
Over the last 30 years ISSA international has grown into the global community of choice for international cybersecurity professionals. With over 100 domestic and international chapters, members have world wide support with daily cyber threats that are becoming increasingly intricate and difficult to prevent, detect, and re-mediate.
Booz Allen Hamilton focuses on defining the vulnerabilities
further and identifying the potential mobile security exploits that could harm or damage a business. This article covers Booz Allen's approach to helping organizations develop a secure and effective mobile application security program.
Understanding The Security Vendor Landscape Using the Cyber Defense Matrix (R...Sounil Yu
The Cyber Defense Matrix enables organizations to define clear categories for the range of products and services that are available in the marketplace to solve our various infosec problems. This model removes confusion around the security technologies that we buy and helps organizations align their vendors to have the right suite of capabilities to execute their information security mission.
See the 2019 version at: http://bit.ly/cyberdefensematrixreloaded
See the 2022 version at: http://bit.ly/cyberdefensematrixrevolutions
Cyber Risk Management in 2017 - Challenges & RecommendationsUlf Mattsson
With cyber attacks on the rise, securing your data is more imperative than ever. In future, organizations will face severe penalties if their data isn’t robustly secured. This will have a far reaching impact for how businesses deal with security in terms of managing their cyber risk.
Join this presentation to learn the cyber security controls prescribed by regulation, how this impacts compliance, and how cyber risk management helps CISOs understand the degree these controls are in place and where to prioritize their cyber dollars and ensure they are not at risk for fines.
Viewers will learn:
- The latest cybercrime trends and targets
- Trends in board involvement in cybersecurity
- How to effectively manage the full range of enterprise risks
- How to protect against ransomware
- Visibility into third party risk
- Data security metrics
This presentation delves into the many cybersecurty risks that plague the healthcare industry and how these risks can be mitigated with the help of security solutions that Seqrite offers.
All product and company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
On World Backup Day 2014, the Data Loss Gremlins unleashed a dastardly attack on businesses worldwide! Intronis has published this Tech Guide, the 6 Ways to Fight the Data Loss Gremlins, to help IT solutions providers protect their clients from any data loss disaster.
Key Findings from the 2015 IBM Cyber Security Intelligence IndexIBM Security
View on-demand presentation: http://securityintelligence.com/events/ibm-2015-cyber-security-intelligence-index/
The cyber threat landscape is increasing in complexity and frequency. Organizations that have historically not been the target of cyber attacks now make headline news with large data losses and compromised transactions. Organizations need a clear point of view on how to respond to these threats, and one that incorporates not only the relevant technology but also the organizational changes needed.
Nick Bradley, Practice Leader of the IBM Threat Research Group and the X-Force Threat Analysis Team, and Nick Coleman, Global Head Cyber Security Intelligence Services outline what organizations need to do now and in the future to stay ahead of the growing cyber security threat.
The spread of information networks in communities and organizations have led to a daily huge volume of information exchange between different networks which, of course, has resulted in new threats to the national organizations. It can be said that information security has become today one of the most challenging areas. In other words, defects and disadvantages of computer network security address irreparable damage for enterprises. Therefore, identification of security threats and ways of dealing with them is essential. But the question raised in this regard is that what are the strategies and policies to deal with security threats that must be taken to ensure the security of computer networks? In this context, the present study intends to do a review of the literature by using earlier researches and library approach, to provide security solutions in the face of threats to their computer networks. The results of this research can lead to more understanding of security threats and ways to deal with them and help to implement a secure information platform.
What trends will 2018 bring for Business Continuity Professionals?PECB
Many business continuity practitioners are perceiving a higher level of risk than ever before in their careers. Unfortunately, these risks are more often resulting in real incidents which require emergency response and continuity of operations. Being prepared may be the most important thing an organization can do in 2018. But what should we prepare for, and how should we prepare for it? This discussion will walk through some of the emerging threats concepts, tools, and techniques that business continuity professionals can expect to see more of in 2018.
Main points covered:
- What should we prepare for in 2018?
- How should we prepare?
- The emerging threats, concepts, tools, and techniques expected in 2018
- Emerging threats creating new risks
Presenter:
David Feeney, CPP, PMP has 17 years of security industry experience assisting organizations with risk management matters specific to physical, personnel, and cyber security. He has 9 years of experience with service providers and 8 years of experience within enterprise security organizations. David has worked with industry leaders in the energy, technology, healthcare, and real estate sectors. Areas of specialization include Security Operations Center design and management, Security Systems design and implementation, and Enterprise Risk Management. David holds leadership positions in ASIS International and is also a member of the InfraGard FBI program. David holds Certification Protection Professional (CPP) and Project Management Professional (PMP) certifications.
Andrea LeStarge, MS has over ten years of experience in program management, risk analysis and curriculum development. Being specialized in Homeland Security, Andrea leverages her experience in formerly managing projects to support various Federal Government entities in identifying, detecting and responding to man-made, natural and cyber incidents. She has an established track record in recognizing security gaps and corrective risk mitigation options, while effectively communicating findings to stakeholders, private sector owners and operators, and first-responder personnel within tactical, operational and strategic levels. Overall, Andrea encompasses analytical tradecraft and demonstrates consistent, repeatable and defensible methodologies pertaining to risk and the elements of threat, vulnerability and consequence.
Organizer: Nevila Muka
Date: January 17, 2018
Link to the recorded webinar:
Booz Allen Hamilton focuses on defining the vulnerabilities
further and identifying the potential mobile security exploits that could harm or damage a business. This article covers Booz Allen's approach to helping organizations develop a secure and effective mobile application security program.
Understanding The Security Vendor Landscape Using the Cyber Defense Matrix (R...Sounil Yu
The Cyber Defense Matrix enables organizations to define clear categories for the range of products and services that are available in the marketplace to solve our various infosec problems. This model removes confusion around the security technologies that we buy and helps organizations align their vendors to have the right suite of capabilities to execute their information security mission.
See the 2019 version at: http://bit.ly/cyberdefensematrixreloaded
See the 2022 version at: http://bit.ly/cyberdefensematrixrevolutions
Cyber Risk Management in 2017 - Challenges & RecommendationsUlf Mattsson
With cyber attacks on the rise, securing your data is more imperative than ever. In future, organizations will face severe penalties if their data isn’t robustly secured. This will have a far reaching impact for how businesses deal with security in terms of managing their cyber risk.
Join this presentation to learn the cyber security controls prescribed by regulation, how this impacts compliance, and how cyber risk management helps CISOs understand the degree these controls are in place and where to prioritize their cyber dollars and ensure they are not at risk for fines.
Viewers will learn:
- The latest cybercrime trends and targets
- Trends in board involvement in cybersecurity
- How to effectively manage the full range of enterprise risks
- How to protect against ransomware
- Visibility into third party risk
- Data security metrics
This presentation delves into the many cybersecurty risks that plague the healthcare industry and how these risks can be mitigated with the help of security solutions that Seqrite offers.
All product and company names mentioned herein are for identification and educational purposes only and are the property of, and may be trademarks of, their respective owners.
On World Backup Day 2014, the Data Loss Gremlins unleashed a dastardly attack on businesses worldwide! Intronis has published this Tech Guide, the 6 Ways to Fight the Data Loss Gremlins, to help IT solutions providers protect their clients from any data loss disaster.
Key Findings from the 2015 IBM Cyber Security Intelligence IndexIBM Security
View on-demand presentation: http://securityintelligence.com/events/ibm-2015-cyber-security-intelligence-index/
The cyber threat landscape is increasing in complexity and frequency. Organizations that have historically not been the target of cyber attacks now make headline news with large data losses and compromised transactions. Organizations need a clear point of view on how to respond to these threats, and one that incorporates not only the relevant technology but also the organizational changes needed.
Nick Bradley, Practice Leader of the IBM Threat Research Group and the X-Force Threat Analysis Team, and Nick Coleman, Global Head Cyber Security Intelligence Services outline what organizations need to do now and in the future to stay ahead of the growing cyber security threat.
The spread of information networks in communities and organizations have led to a daily huge volume of information exchange between different networks which, of course, has resulted in new threats to the national organizations. It can be said that information security has become today one of the most challenging areas. In other words, defects and disadvantages of computer network security address irreparable damage for enterprises. Therefore, identification of security threats and ways of dealing with them is essential. But the question raised in this regard is that what are the strategies and policies to deal with security threats that must be taken to ensure the security of computer networks? In this context, the present study intends to do a review of the literature by using earlier researches and library approach, to provide security solutions in the face of threats to their computer networks. The results of this research can lead to more understanding of security threats and ways to deal with them and help to implement a secure information platform.
What trends will 2018 bring for Business Continuity Professionals?PECB
Many business continuity practitioners are perceiving a higher level of risk than ever before in their careers. Unfortunately, these risks are more often resulting in real incidents which require emergency response and continuity of operations. Being prepared may be the most important thing an organization can do in 2018. But what should we prepare for, and how should we prepare for it? This discussion will walk through some of the emerging threats concepts, tools, and techniques that business continuity professionals can expect to see more of in 2018.
Main points covered:
- What should we prepare for in 2018?
- How should we prepare?
- The emerging threats, concepts, tools, and techniques expected in 2018
- Emerging threats creating new risks
Presenter:
David Feeney, CPP, PMP has 17 years of security industry experience assisting organizations with risk management matters specific to physical, personnel, and cyber security. He has 9 years of experience with service providers and 8 years of experience within enterprise security organizations. David has worked with industry leaders in the energy, technology, healthcare, and real estate sectors. Areas of specialization include Security Operations Center design and management, Security Systems design and implementation, and Enterprise Risk Management. David holds leadership positions in ASIS International and is also a member of the InfraGard FBI program. David holds Certification Protection Professional (CPP) and Project Management Professional (PMP) certifications.
Andrea LeStarge, MS has over ten years of experience in program management, risk analysis and curriculum development. Being specialized in Homeland Security, Andrea leverages her experience in formerly managing projects to support various Federal Government entities in identifying, detecting and responding to man-made, natural and cyber incidents. She has an established track record in recognizing security gaps and corrective risk mitigation options, while effectively communicating findings to stakeholders, private sector owners and operators, and first-responder personnel within tactical, operational and strategic levels. Overall, Andrea encompasses analytical tradecraft and demonstrates consistent, repeatable and defensible methodologies pertaining to risk and the elements of threat, vulnerability and consequence.
Organizer: Nevila Muka
Date: January 17, 2018
Link to the recorded webinar:
How To Avoid Drowning in the Digital Data Stream: Techniques and Tools for Ef...meghan_caprez
Strategic communication professionals are early adopters in using social media to distribute information, but often do not take advantage of the flood of audience data that accumulates online. Social media users leave digital footprints that show their activities, interests, ideas, connections, and concerns. The information shared on social media sites is a goldmine for public relations practitioners
Frukostseminarium iBiz & Microsoft 19/5-2016Adam Wahlund
Presentation från iBiz Solutions & Microsofts frukostseminarium kring framtidens systemintegration. Hur ska man hantera den digitala transformationen och hur kan systemintegration bli en konkurrensfördel? Ta del av slides från Richard Hallgren, Lösningsarkitekt på iBiz Solutions, Tord Glad Nordahl på Microsoft och Arne Björn Mildal, IT-Direktör Lövenskiold Handel
Profissional de Monitoramento, Mensuração e Social Analytics no Brasil (2013)Tarcízio Silva
A pesquisa busca reunir informações sobre os profissionais e práticas em Monitoramento, Métricas e Social Analytics no Brasil. Faz parte de uma série de surveys, que já publicou: Perfil do Profissional de Monitoramento de Mídias Sociais no Brasil (2012); e Usos e Percepções do Monitoramento de Mídias Sociais (2011).
Information Securityfind an article online discussing defense-in-d.pdfforladies
Information Security
find an article online discussing defense-in-depth. List your source and provide a paragraph
summary of what the article stated.
Solution
Abstract
The exponential growth of the Internet interconnections has led to a significant growth of cyber
attack incidents often with disastrous and grievous consequences. Malware is the primary choice
of weapon to carry out malicious intents in the cyberspace, either by exploitation into existing
vulnerabilities or utilization of unique characteristics of emerging technologies. The
development of more innovative and effective malware defense mechanisms has been regarded
as an urgent requirement in the cybersecurity community. To assist in achieving this goal, we
first present an overview of the most exploited vulnerabilities in existing hardware, software, and
network layers. This is followed by critiques of existing state-of-the-art mitigation techniques as
why they do or don\'t work. We then discuss new attack patterns in emerging technologies such
as social media, cloud computing, smartphone technology, and critical infrastructure. Finally, we
describe our speculative observations on future research directions.
A multi-layered approach to cyber security utilising machine learning and advanced analytics is
essential to defend against sophisticated multi-stage attacks including:
Insider Threats | Advanced Human Attacks | Supply Chain Infection | Ransomware |
Compromised User Accounts | Data Loss
Prepare for a cyber security incident or attack and how to adequately manage the aftermath with
an organised approach to Incident Response – coordinating resources, people, information,
technology and complying with regulations.
INSIDER THREATS
Insider threat can originate from employees, contractors, third party services or anyone with
access rights to your network, corporate data or business premises.
The challenge is to identify attacks and understand how they develop in real-time by analysing
and correlating the subtle signs of compromise that an insider makes when they infiltrate the
network.
Traditional security measures are no longer sufficient to combat insider threat. A more
sophisticated, intelligence-based approach is required. Cyberseer uses machine-learning
technology to form a behavioural baseline for every user to determine normal activity and spot
new, previously unidentified threat behaviours. The move to a more proactive approach towards
security will enable companies to take action to thwart developing situations escalating into
exfiltrated information or damaging incidents.
ADVANCED HUMAN ATTACKS
Advanced threats use a set of stealthy and continuous processes to target an organisation, which
is often orchestrated for business or political motives by individuals (or groups). The “advanced”
process signifies sophisticated techniques using malware to exploit vulnerabilities in
organisations systems. They are considered persistent because an external command and control
system .
Internet, Cyber-attacks and threats are becoming more prevalent. This Infographic explains the current state, and things to consider for yourself and your business.
Security - intelligence - maturity-model-ciso-whitepaperCMR WORLD TECH
A Time of Great Risk: The Time Between Compromise and Mitigation
In most organizations today, threat detection is based on various security sensors that attempt to look for anomalous behavior or for known signatures of malicious activity. These sensors include firewalls, intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS), application gateways, anti- virus/anti-malware, endpoint protection, and more. They operate at and provide visibility into all layers of the IT stack.
What can go wrong?!
Thirty years of commercial information security have taught us to orchestrate perimeter controls, to correctly configure AAA systems, to evaluate risks and manage them.
But when we talk about the supply chain, the context dramatically changes and we risk realising we did not understand it all or we naively transferred our risk to an unaware third party.
This Solution Overview approaches the threat landscape from a holistic viewpoint and identifies strategies and techniques to establish a good defense. It discusses the concept of a "kill chain" and identifies key indictors for attack events with a focus on network analysis.
This white paper provides guidance for how to adopt an Intelligence-Driven Security strategy that delivers three essential capabilities: visibility, analysis, and action.
Fundamentos necessários para que os usuários iniciem o processo de cotação usando a plataforma Salesforce. Ele levará mais de uma hora para ser concluído e permitirá que os usuários comecem a executar o CPQ aprendendo métodos de precificação, modelo de dados de objeto do CPQ, configuração técnica de descontos, documentos de saída.
The Salesforce Automation Landscape
The Salesforce Automation Landscape
Declarative Tolls points and clicks admins
Coding tools Salesforce Gods
For Developers it is very important understand
the tools available and know when they should be applied.
Declarative tool set – Workflowrules, same object updates
Email notifications, limited applications.
Process Builder – Related object updates
Create a records, no unrelated objects
Bulk issues everywhere
Visual flow unrelated object updates variables and loops.
Same learning curve as code, but without the benefits.
A high-level overview of the key features and benefits of Workflow and Approval process automation in Enterprise Edition. Your sales force operates more efficiently with standardized internal procedures and automated business processes. Many of the tasks you normally assign, the emails you regularly send, and other record updates are part of an organization's standard processes. Instead of doing this work manually, you can configure workflow and approvals to do it automatically.
Begin by designing workflow rules and approval processes, and associating them with actions such as email alerts, tasks, field updates, or outbound messages.
Migrating
your
existing applications and IT assets to the Amazon Web Services
(AWS)
Cloud
presents
an opportunity to transform the way your organization
does
business.
It can help
you
lower costs, become more agile, develop new
skills
more quickly
, and deliver reliable, globally available services to your
customers.
Our goal is to help you to
implement
your cloud strategy
successfully.
Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
Data Centers - Striving Within A Narrow Range - Research Report - MCG - May 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) expects to see demand and the changing evolution of supply, facilitated through institutional investment rotation out of offices and into work from home (“WFH”), while the ever-expanding need for data storage as global internet usage expands, with experts predicting 5.3 billion users by 2023. These market factors will be underpinned by technological changes, such as progressing cloud services and edge sites, allowing the industry to see strong expected annual growth of 13% over the next 4 years.
Whilst competitive headwinds remain, represented through the recent second bankruptcy filing of Sungard, which blames “COVID-19 and other macroeconomic trends including delayed customer spending decisions, insourcing and reductions in IT spending, energy inflation and reduction in demand for certain services”, the industry has seen key adjustments, where MCG believes that engineering cost management and technological innovation will be paramount to success.
MCG reports that the more favorable market conditions expected over the next few years, helped by the winding down of pandemic restrictions and a hybrid working environment will be driving market momentum forward. The continuous injection of capital by alternative investment firms, as well as the growing infrastructural investment from cloud service providers and social media companies, whose revenues are expected to grow over 3.6x larger by value in 2026, will likely help propel center provision and innovation. These factors paint a promising picture for the industry players that offset rising input costs and adapt to new technologies.
According to M Capital Group: “Specifically, the long-term cost-saving opportunities available from the rise of remote managing will likely aid value growth for the industry. Through margin optimization and further availability of capital for reinvestment, strong players will maintain their competitive foothold, while weaker players exit the market to balance supply and demand.”
Levelwise PageRank with Loop-Based Dead End Handling Strategy : SHORT REPORT ...Subhajit Sahu
Abstract — Levelwise PageRank is an alternative method of PageRank computation which decomposes the input graph into a directed acyclic block-graph of strongly connected components, and processes them in topological order, one level at a time. This enables calculation for ranks in a distributed fashion without per-iteration communication, unlike the standard method where all vertices are processed in each iteration. It however comes with a precondition of the absence of dead ends in the input graph. Here, the native non-distributed performance of Levelwise PageRank was compared against Monolithic PageRank on a CPU as well as a GPU. To ensure a fair comparison, Monolithic PageRank was also performed on a graph where vertices were split by components. Results indicate that Levelwise PageRank is about as fast as Monolithic PageRank on the CPU, but quite a bit slower on the GPU. Slowdown on the GPU is likely caused by a large submission of small workloads, and expected to be non-issue when the computation is performed on massive graphs.
Opendatabay - Open Data Marketplace.pptxOpendatabay
Opendatabay.com unlocks the power of data for everyone. Open Data Marketplace fosters a collaborative hub for data enthusiasts to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets.
First ever open hub for data enthusiasts to collaborate and innovate. A platform to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets. Through robust quality control and innovative technologies like blockchain verification, opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of datasets, empowering users to make data-driven decisions with confidence. Leverage cutting-edge AI technologies to enhance the data exploration, analysis, and discovery experience.
From intelligent search and recommendations to automated data productisation and quotation, Opendatabay AI-driven features streamline the data workflow. Finding the data you need shouldn't be a complex. Opendatabay simplifies the data acquisition process with an intuitive interface and robust search tools. Effortlessly explore, discover, and access the data you need, allowing you to focus on extracting valuable insights. Opendatabay breaks new ground with a dedicated, AI-generated, synthetic datasets.
Leverage these privacy-preserving datasets for training and testing AI models without compromising sensitive information. Opendatabay prioritizes transparency by providing detailed metadata, provenance information, and usage guidelines for each dataset, ensuring users have a comprehensive understanding of the data they're working with. By leveraging a powerful combination of distributed ledger technology and rigorous third-party audits Opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of every dataset. Security is at the core of Opendatabay. Marketplace implements stringent security measures, including encryption, access controls, and regular vulnerability assessments, to safeguard your data and protect your privacy.
Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation - Final Version - 5.23...John Andrews
SlideShare Description for "Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation"
Title: Chatty Kathy: Enhancing Physical Activity Among Older Adults
Description:
Discover how Chatty Kathy, an innovative project developed at the UNC Bootcamp, aims to tackle the challenge of low physical activity among older adults. Our AI-driven solution uses peer interaction to boost and sustain exercise levels, significantly improving health outcomes. This presentation covers our problem statement, the rationale behind Chatty Kathy, synthetic data and persona creation, model performance metrics, a visual demonstration of the project, and potential future developments. Join us for an insightful Q&A session to explore the potential of this groundbreaking project.
Project Team: Jay Requarth, Jana Avery, John Andrews, Dr. Dick Davis II, Nee Buntoum, Nam Yeongjin & Mat Nicholas
2. Cyber Intelligence: Getting Ahead of Compromise
Executive Summary
As cyber threats become an inevitable part of the fabric of the enterprise’s digital environments, and targeted attacks are
increasingly subtle and manipulative, the limitations of traditional security controls have been exposed. The defender
is challenged with enhancing their visibility and insights into their own organizations’ systems, in order to regain the
advantage and inform critical, timely decision-making. Cyber intelligence is central to this challenge, providing total visibility
and tailored, real-time insights into emerging anomalies – as opposed to feeds of old news about previous threats. This
intelligence-based approach is at the heart of the new generation of cyber defense, based on skilled people and cutting-
edge ‘immune system’ technologies engaged in an ongoing process of learning, understanding and dealing with developing
issues, before they turn into crises.
“Gaining ongoing insight into ecosystem
vulnerabilities and threats helps anticipate and
plan for risks that might sideline others who
are less informed”
PWC
“Darktrace provides us with absolute visibility
into what is happening in real time. We
can now pinpoint and target our security
resources”
Louis Kangurs, Virgin Trains
3. White Paper
3
Staying open for business
The breach of the network perimeter is now assumed as
inevitable by today’s security professional. This is the new
reality, in which network boundary technologies, while
playing a critical role in a layered defensive strategy, are
insufficient to defeat the targeted attacker. It is accepted
that breaches are unavoidable, and that it is a case of
‘when’ rather than ‘if’. In this new world, the challenge has
changed. As well as defending the boundary, the modern
business needs to address the threat within, and develop
an intelligence-led approach to detecting live threat within
a complex information environment.
Modern organizations are dependent on their ability to
do business in an open and connected marketplace. The
lifeblood of the enterprise is its data, and in order to drive
growth, this diverse data must flow beyond and around
traditional network boundaries. It is constantly moving
between the organization and its customers, suppliers,
staff, partners and so on. The challenge of the CISO today
is to protect data that is ‘out there’ in the wild. Indeed, the
very improvements that have enabled enterprises to thrive
in the last ten years – connectivity, digitization, innovation
– are the very things that have exposed them to the
most risk. Today’s security professionals understand the
balance that must be struck when considering the staff of
an organization. Employees need to be trusted as valuable
assets but they also represent a significant threat to the
integrity of the enterprise’s data and, whether malicious or
negligent, their behaviors elevate risk.
While there may be a temptation to tighten these controls
and introduce more stringent policies, the reality of doing
business means that people will always find a way around
barriers that hinder them. Anyone will tell you that you can
cure any disease if you kill the patient. As businesses, we
cannot afford to suffocate ourselves with laborious and
impracticable security controls under the illusion that we
are more ‘secure’ as a result, at the expense of our ability
to be competitive, agile and efficient. The challenge to
today’s security professionals is to protect the enterprise’s
most valuable assets while continuing to enable data to
support growth.
Staying open for business within the context of an ever-
changing threat landscape requires a balance between
risk and benefit. The balance required is never completely
stable or static, but constantly being readjusted to keep
the scales equally weighted. It is a challenge that requires
a subtle approach, based on a mentality of intelligence
over security. Whereas cyber security assumes that
defensive measures must work 100% of the time, cyber
intelligence provides evidence-based insights that directly
inform decision-making, surfacing high-priority issues
over less significant ones, and giving the organization the
best possible oversight and understanding of its own state
of health, in order to implement the best treatment plan.
4. 4
order to minimize the chances of being uncovered. Indeed,
the average time that it takes to detect a malicious cyber-
crime attack stands at 170 days, with advanced attackers
involving insiders taking 259 days on average to detect.
During this time, the adversary gradually builds up an
understanding of the network and its architecture that
informs the steps they take to move around the network
laterally and carry out the tailored attack. While the
defending organization is constantly distracted by day-to-
day business issues, the attacker has the advantage of
time and resource, biding their time to collect intelligence
and perpetrate their operation with a high degree of
confidence of what they are doing, where they need to go
and how to avoid detection.
Typically, an advanced attacker will look to gain
persistence, both on a host, and indeed on a network.
Looking to have options in the event of detection, an
attacker will attempt to infiltrate a range of devices
and servers on a network. Attackers will often be able
to move within a network and develop knowledge of
the tools used to detect them, allowing them to move
stealthily enough to avoid detection by traditional rules-
based technologies. The noise of the network, and the
large volume of outputs of log-based technologies often
makes it impossible to detect the subtle movement of the
attacker. Despite the evidence often being discovered in
the post-incident forensic phase, the defender has simply
been overwhelmed by the sheer volume of noise.
Living under the radar
Cyber-attacks fill the headlines week after week, with
dizzying figures of customer accounts compromised and
negative reputation impact making for dramatic stories.
Major breaches require immediate remediate action, with
time, effort and money poured into clearing up after a
compromise.
The concept of a ‘clean-up’ operation after a cyber-attack
is a flawed one however. Organizations are never free of
threats and potentially dangerous or malicious influences.
While there is huge pressure on companies post-breach to
be seen to be taking action, to mitigate the reputational hit
and restore customer, market and shareholder confidence,
it is often a case of ‘too little, too late’. Too late because the
damage is done, and too little because the adversary has
gained a level of control and infiltration within the target
organization that their ability to retrospectively defend
themselves is limited.
The challenge of the last few years has been aggravated
by the industrialization of the cyber-crime economy
and the increasing sophistication of the perpetrators.
Advanced exploit tools are readily available on the internet
– customizable malware, laboratories for testing and
previously unseen hacking techniques can be exchanged
and traded – which means that taking a hold within an
organization has become trivial. Once inside, incognito
attacks take place that are very difficult to spot because
they are careful and subtle.
Firstly, outsider attackers will typically use the authorized
access credentials of an employee, to avoid tripping
perimeter alarms. This makes it extremely difficult to
distinguish authorized activity from a cyber-threat actor
intent on doing harm. Attackers use this cloak of legitimacy
to perpetrate their attack, disguising themselves amid the
normal interactions of that user and the day-to-day noise
of the network. Being recognized as legitimate at the
point of entry allows attackers an advantage. They are
considered to be ‘trusted’ and the challenge of moving
within the enterprise to find and eventually egress data or
manipulate systems becomes easier.
Furthermore, attackers not only use targeted email
campaigns and exploit legitimate credentials in order to
pass under the radar, but they may also use zero-day
exploits and purpose-built malware to achieve their goals.
Subtle, well-disguised attacks are increasingly played
out over long periods of time too, a testament to the
adversary’s patience and persistence. An advanced threat
actor may lie low in the network for days, weeks or months
on end, patiently lying dormant within the organization in
5. White Paper
5
Visibility and insight
Organizations need to take a step back when
considering cyber defense strategies, first asking the
question: how well do I know my own environment? As
network infrastructures and intranets have grown and
expanded with more and more devices, functionality and
technologies, the digital architecture of an organization of
any significant size is typically very complex. IT security
managers and risk directors often lack visibility of the very
systems that they manage, accessing only data siloes and
focusing on specific parts of the organization where there
are known problems to resolve.
Total visibility of all digital interactions and communications,
notjustasubsetofthem,iscriticalbecauseitallowssecurity
professionals to make the best possible decisions, based
on an understanding of the bigger picture. With visibility
of the global trends and patterns that are happening on a
day-to-day basis across the enterprise, these individuals
are in a better position to configure security controls and
the network environment, identify vulnerabilities or rogue
employees, and indeed curb live cyber-threats. Seeing
and understanding what is going on in real time is the first
step to seeing what should not be happening – however
subtle the deviation is.
Precious time
Time is therefore an extremely precious resource which the defender is often poor in. The advanced attacker meanwhile
has vast resources in terms of human capital, time and funding to create capabilities that bypass the various components
of traditional security stacks. Organizations consistently struggle to detect compromises at the earliest point of relevance,
before damage is being or has been done, such as a large-scale data breach or a major operational interruption. Instead
they find themselves in a race against the clock to clean up and minimize financial, reputational and operational damage, in
spite of the many months of preparation and lateral movement of the threat actor prior to the final attack or breach activity.
As long as the attacker continues to have the time advantage over the defender, target organizations will continually be
on the back foot.
Businesses need to hit the reset button, and rethink the way that they view cyber security and cyber-attacks. To start
with, this means ceasing to consider these concepts as absolute states; the former is not practically viable, and the latter
has no clear perimeters – a cyber-attack has no obvious starting point and no clear end either. Every attack starts with
a compromise, which starts with a subtle change in the normal order of things and builds to form a chain of events that
together can wield control of a foreign environment and jeopardize that environment and its contents.
In an age of countless, ever-changing threats, analyzing yesterday’s adversaries is no guarantee of protecting against
tomorrow’s. Today’s attackers are using constantly adapting their techniques and strategies in order to stay persistent, and
achieve longevity within your systems. The baseline of normal behavior is constantly changing.
We therefore need to start counting time differently, looking to ‘catch’ suspicious activity within the window of time between
the initial compromise and the first signs of abnormality. Rather than investing in post-mortem research of past breaches
and compromises, we should focus on finding tomorrow’s problems – by tuning our ears to the very subtle signals that are
emitted in the noise of a busy organization. Within an enterprise IT environment, this requires two key elements:
Intelligent analysis and abnormality
detection
With situational awareness of the entirety of an
organization’s activity, new technologies can be leveraged
to analyze it, and form a constantly-evolving picture
of normality. Fundamental advances in probabilistic
mathematics and machine learning have made this
approach possible, delivered by technology that
learns what is normal and abnormal within a particular
organizational environment on a continual basis, and
surfaces probabilistically anomalous events in real time.
Anomalies, or deviations from learnt normal behaviors
across devices, networks and users, must be genuine and
based on a dynamic understanding of the environment.
Abnormal behavior can often be dealt with in a responsible
way by business units – but only if it is detected early.
Organizations need to liberate themselves from the task of
sifting through masses of security alerts, produced based
on predefined assumptions of what constitutes ‘a threat,’
and instead employ tailored intelligence that illuminates
the digital enterprise environment and informs decision-
making. Ultimately, mitigating risk is a continual exercise
of informed decision-making by business professionals
– the ability to focus on the right decisions and areas of
concern requires a new generation of technology that is
self-learning, probabilistic and adaptive.
6. 6
“Darktrace is interesting
because of its back-to-front
approach to security... [it]
profiles not possible attack
vectors, but the network itself,
as well as the devices that
connect to the network and the
network's users.”
David Meyer, Gigaom, 2014
Cyber intelligence vs Threat intelligence
‘Threat intelligence’ is a term that has been given to the collection and sharing of information about identified
threats. Essentially it refers to a database or feed of information that must be matched against an organization’s
security alerts, logs and other forensics data to determine if a specific activity is a threat to the organization. If
a detection can be correlated with a piece of threat data, it may be used to help protect against similar attacks
that are still circulating.
The fundamental flaw of sharing information about past attacks is that it is retrospective and does not help
organizations defend against tomorrow’s fresh attacks. It is requires at least one organization to get burnt by
each new attack vector in order to find it, limiting itself to telling you about previous attacks, in the assumption
that the same attack might replicate itself. Typically, it takes months for a new attack vector or technique to
manifest in threat intelligence feeds. In the meantime, your enterprise is vulnerable to those same attacks that
have yet to be revealed and shared by prior victims. At worst, it is a mass of inapplicable data that distracts
from the core objective of the organization, which is to defend against future attacks, not past ones. It is little
solace to know that your organization was the first to discover, and suffer, a new threat and the first to add it to
the threat feed, for others to protect themselves.
Intelligence about threats must be tailored to an organization to be useful, and must feed into a human being at
some point, in order for difficult decisions to be made. The best intelligence is that which assists human beings
in the decision-making process, and gives them the best degree of confidence that those decisions are correct,
appropriate and, most importantly, timely enough to avoid a full-scale data breach, operational interruption or
reputational hit.
True cyber intelligence is not about identifying past threats and attack vectors, therefore, but is focused on
understanding exactly what is happening within the organizations, to a level of granularity that will expose even
very subtle and quiet actions. Clever intelligence is about analyzing this detailed, real-time information in such
a way as to correlate multiple weak indicators and form a picture of understanding from that data.
Indeed, within the context of national security and law enforcement, ‘intelligence’ refers to the special insights
that directly inform decisions around how to tackle specific risks and threats, before the adversary has seized
the initiative and forced you onto the back foot. It provides evidence-based knowledge that allows human
beings to determine how and when to take action, and in turn to assess the effectiveness of those decisions on
an ongoing basis, as the context inevitably changes.
For organizations looking to take proactive action against cyber adversaries during their attack missions, these
questions are critical and require high-quality intelligence, the result of advanced, context-aware analysis of a
broad range of factors that contribute to an attack taking place. Cyber intelligence must drive decisions while
compromises are nascent and manageable, in a timeframe that allows those decisions to be effective and
avoids a crisis at its logical conclusion.
7. White Paper
7
Better focus, more action
Attack techniques and methodologies are virtually
impossible to predict, with yesterday’s attacks looking
different to tomorrow’s one, or the one the day after.
Internal vulnerabilities are a constant issue that require
continual assessment. In this environment of countless
threats existing within the organization at any given time,
comprehensive visibility is required into the happenings
of our own organizations to work out where to focus
our attention, and establish cyber defense priorities in
real time. Yet the overload of the security events and
incidents that are frequently produced by the gamut of
conventional security tools has often had the perverse
effect of engendering inactivity, on the part of the security
or IT function, due to the sheer volume of alerts that are
surfaced, or the un-actionable nature of the information
that is being fed back.
Security practitioners must be able to hone in on threats,
in a way that makes sense to the organization, rather
than spend valuable time on thousands of context-less
alarms. Taking advantage of each enterprise’s unique
configuration, the time your employees come to work, the
types of devices they use and the way they use them, the
resources that they access, etc. etc. is critical, because no
adversary has such details for their attack planning. This
granularity of activity must be leveraged by employing
self-learning ‘immune system’ technologies that can see
and intelligently analyze this data, establishing an implicit
understanding of its level of normality or otherwise, and
surface anomalies in real time that must be dealt with by
the business in a timely fashion.
Conclusion
The cyber intelligence function is crucial to the new risk
mitigation strategies that are being put in place to deal
with tomorrow’s threats, providing organizations with
actionable knowledge and evidence that they would not
otherwise have access to, and allowing them to deal
with the genesis of a compromise, at the point that the
abnormality emerges.
Advanced mathematical technologies can leverage this
‘home advantage’ within very complex and dynamic
environments. Next-generation solutions need to be
highly sensitive to extremely low-level noise and catch the
tweaks in normal behavior that manifest themselves as
anomalous, based on an evolving understanding of what
constitutes normality for that particular organization at any
given moment in time.
Being able to cope with subtle actions and quiet
compromise is key to being able to detect and address
the early stages of compromise before they snowball into
uncontrollable cyber incidents that culminate in major
financial, operational or reputational damage to the
organization. An Enterprise Immune System approach
does this, by continually learning, spotting and analyzing
the faint traces and weak indicators that necessarily
precede each potential disaster, rather than turning up on
the crime scene to work out what went so terribly wrong.
8. ABOUT DARKTRACE
Darktrace is one of the world’s fastest-growing cyber defense companies and the leader in
Enterprise Immune System technology, a new category of cyber solutions based on pioneering
Bayesian mathematics developed at the University of Cambridge. Darktrace addresses the
challenge of insider threat and advanced cyber-attacks through its unique ability to detect previously
unidentified threats in real time, as manifested in the emerging behaviors of the network, devices
and individuals. Some of the world’s largest organizations rely on Darktrace’s adaptive, self-
learning platform to spot anomalous activity within the enterprise, in sectors including energy and
utilities, financial services, telecommunications, retail and transportation. Darktrace was founded
by world-class machine learning specialists and operational government intelligence experts. The
company is headquartered in Cambridge, UK, with offices in London, Milan, New York, Paris, San
Francisco and Washington D.C.
CONTACT US
UK: +44 (0) 1223 350 653
US: +1 (917) 363 0822
Email: info@darktrace.com
www.darktrace.com