This document defines climate change as a change directly or indirectly caused by human activity that alters the composition of the atmosphere in addition to natural variability. It lists both natural causes like volcanic eruptions and human causes such as greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and burning fossil fuels as contributing to climate change. The effects of climate change discussed include rising sea levels from melting ice sheets, more extreme weather events like heavy rainfall and drought, declining crop productivity, changing ecosystems, rising temperatures, and ocean acidification.

1. CAUSES AND
EFFECTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE
Date: 24th November 2012
Presented by: NARAINO MAJIE
Nabiilah

2. CONTENT
Definition of Climate Change
Causes of Climate Change-
Natural Causes & Human Causes
Effects of Climate Change

3. DEFINITION OF CLIMATE CHANGE
“ It is a change which is attributed
directly or indirectly to human activity
that alters the composition of the
global atmosphere and which is in
addition to natural climate variability
observed over comparative time
periods”

4. CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
 NATURAL CAUSES
 Volcanic eruptions

5.  Ocean currents

6.  Earth orbital changes-
 More tilt = warmer summers & colder
winters
 Less tilt = cooler summers & milder winters

7.  Solar Variation

8.  HUMAN CAUSES (Anthropogenic or Man-made
causes)
 Greenhouse gases
 Deforestation
 Coal mining
 Burning of fossil fuels
 Industrial processes
 Agriculture

11.  Deforestation

12.  Coal Mining

13.  Burning of Fossil Fuels

14.  Industrial processes

15.  Agriculture

17. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
RISE IN SEA LEVEL
Melting ice sheets  Sea level rise

18. HEAVY RAINFALL ACROSS THE GLOBE

19. EXTREME DROUGHT

20. DECLINE IN CROP PRODUCTIVITY

21. ECOSYSTEMS ARE CHANGING

22. HURRICANES

23. RISE IN TEMPERATURE

24. CARBON DIOXIDE ACIDIFIES SEAWATER
 CO2 and carbonate (which plankton use to make
shells) combine in the ocean.
 The ocean is already more acidic than it was 50
years ago.
Source: Alfred-Wegener-Institute
CO2 CO2
Ocean
Atmosphere
“shelled-critters”

25. THANK YOU