A disaster is defined as a natural or manmade event that causes widespread human and economic loss. Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and helping communities recover from disasters. India is vulnerable to many types of natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and cyclones, as well as manmade disasters such as industrial accidents. The government has established agencies at the national, state, and local levels to coordinate disaster management efforts and help build community resilience.

2. WHAT IS DISASTER??
 A disaster is a natural or manmade event
which results in widespread human loss, loss
of livelihood, property and life.

3. WHAT IS DISASTER MANAGEMENT??
 “A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life,
deterioration of health and health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area”. (W.H.O.)
 “A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature
or manmade that causes human suffering and creates
human needs that victims cannot alleviate without
assistance”. American Red Cross (ARC)

4. PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT??

5. TYPES OF DISASTER??
NATURAL DISASTER-
1. Major Natural Disaster
A. Cyclones, Tornadoes
B. Drought, Flood
C. Earthquake, Tsunami
2. Minor Natural Disaster
A. Cold Waves
B. Thunderstorms
C. Heat Waves

6. CONTD..
MANMADE DISASTER-
1. Major Manmade Disaster-
A. Epidemic
B. Deforestation
C. Chemical Pollution
D. Wars
2. Minor Manmade Disaster-
A. Road/Train/Nuclear Accident, Riots
B. Food Poisoning
C. Industrial Disaster

7. FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER??

8. CHARACTERSTICS OF DISASTER
 Predictability
 Controllability
 Speed of onset
 Length of forewarning
 Duration of impact
 Scope and intensity of impact

9. MAJOR DISASTER IN INDIA
 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy
 2001 Gujarat earthquake
 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
 2008 Mumbai attacks

10. INDIA’S VULNERABILITY TO
DISASTERS
 57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of
these, 12% is vulnerable to severe
earthquakes.
 68% land is vulnerable to drought.
 12% land is vulnerable to floods.
 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones.
 Apart from natural disasters, some cities in
India are also vulnerable to chemical and
industrial disasters and man-made disasters.

11. NEW DIRECTIONS FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
 The National Disaster Management Authority
(NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for
Disaster Management in India, with the
Prime Minister as its Chairman.
 Disaster Management Authorities will be set
up at the State and District Levels to be
headed by the Chief Ministers and
Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen
respectively.

12. CONTD..
 A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administered by
NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation
funds.
 A National Disaster Response Fund will be administered by
NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States
and Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund
and Disaster Response Fund respectively.
 8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
are being trained and deployed with CSSR and MFR
equipments and tools in eight strategic locations.
 A National Disaster Management Policy and National
Disaster Response Plan will also be drawn up.

13. NODAL AGENCIES FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
 Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC
 Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department
 Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department
 Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
 Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment,
 Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
 Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and Forests
 Industrial Disasters : Ministry of Labor
 Rail Accidents : Ministry of Railways
 Air Accidents : Ministry of Civil Aviation
 Fire : Ministry of Home Affairs
 Nuclear Incidents : Department of Atomic Energy
 Mine Disasters : Department of Mines

14. DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTERS IN
INDIA

15. FUTURE DIRECTIONS
 Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks
 Mobilize and train disaster volunteers for more
effective preparedness, mitigation and response
(NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil
Defense, Home guards).
 Increased capacity building leads to faster
vulnerability reduction.
 Learn from best practices in disaster
preparedness, mitigation and disaster response.

16. CONTD..
 Inclusive, participatory, gender sensitive,
child friendly, eco-friendly and disabled
friendly disaster management.
 Technology driven but people owned.
 Knowledge Management: Documentation
and dissemination of good practices.
 Public Private Partnership.

17. NEW POSSIBILITIES
 National Urban Renewal Mission for 70 cities:
recent experience of “unprecedented”
extreme weather conditions in a few major
metros and megacities.
 100,000 Rural Knowledge Centers ( IT Kiosks):
Need for Spatial e-Governance for informed
decision making in disaster-prone areas:
before, during and after disasters.

18. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
 Minimize casualties
 Prevent further casualties
 Rescue the victims
 First aid
 Evacuate
 Medical care
 Reconstruction

19. LESSON LEARNT
 Be Prepared : Preparedness and Mitigation is
bound to yield more effective returns than
distributing relief after a disaster.
 Create a Culture of Preparedness and
Prevention.
 Evolve a code of conduct for all stake-holders.

20. DISASTER REDUCTION DAY
 NIDM observed "Disaster Reduction Day" on
the 12th October.
 Rallies and special lectures were organized in
the universities and colleges to mark the
initiatives of awareness for disaster reduction
amongst youth & children.
 Children's Color Activity Book for Disaster
Preparedness.