This document discusses disaster management and related topics. It covers the types of disasters, including man-made and natural disasters. It then explains the three phases of disaster management: mitigation, response, and recovery. Next, it discusses some international organizations involved in disaster relief, such as the Red Cross and United Nations. Finally, it provides examples of natural disasters common in India like earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, and cyclones, and strategies to reduce their impacts.

2.  Introduction
 Types of Disasters
 Man-made Disasters
 Natural Disasters
 Phases in Disaster
Management
 Mitigation
 Response
 Recovery
 International Organizations
 Red Cross/Red Crescent
 United Nations
 Image zone

3. • Disaster management
is the continuous
process by which all
individuals, groups, an
d communities manage
hazards in an effort
to avoid or ameliorate
the impact of
disasters resulting
from the hazards.

4. • Man Made
Disasters
– Some types of Man-
Made disasters
• Natural Disasters
– Disaster prone
areas in India
– Some Natural
Disasters and how
to reduce their
intensity

5. • Man-made hazards
are threats having an
element of human
intent, negligence, er
ror or involving a
failure of a system.
Man-made disasters
are a result of
inadequately managed
resource.

6. • Nuclear Disaster
• Chemical Disasters

7. • With the advancement
of scientific research in
the world, several
countries have acquired
the technology to
produce Nuclear
Arms, which are more
destructive and harmful
than the atom bomb
used more than half a
century ago.

8. • Chemical Disasters are
caused by industrial
accidents, irresponsible
handling of hazardous
chemicals, or by their
deliberate use for
destruction. Poisonous
gases can cause wide
spread devastation
because of their nature:
• They spread easily
• Effect large areas

9. • A natural disaster is the
consequence of a natural
hazard (e.g.
tsunami, earthquake)
which moves from
potential into an active
phase, and as a result
affects human activities.

10. Disaster prone areas in India

11. • Earthquake
– Earthquakes
– How to reduce its Effect
• Tsunami
– Tsunami
– How to reduce its Effect
• Floods
– Floods
– How to reduce its Effect
• Drought
– Drought
– How to reduce its Effect
• Cyclones
– Cyclones
– How to reduce its effect

12. – An earthquake is a
phenomenon that results
from and is powered by
the sudden release of
stored energy that
radiates seismic waves.
At the Earth's
surface, earthquakes may
manifest themselves by a
shaking or displacement
of the ground and
sometimes tsunamis.

13. • Do not Panic any-time
• Help Survivors quickly
• Retrofitting of Buildings should be
done regularly
• If in school, hide under desk’s.
• Avoid using lift & staircase
• Move away from Window
• If Outdoor or Driving, move to an open
area with no trees, building, electric
wires etc.
• If in Stadium, Theatre or Auditorium
stay inside.
• Cover your head with your arms.

14. – A tsunami is a wave of water caused by the displacement of a
body of water. Tsunami can be caused by undersea
earthquakes.
– Meteotsunamis are caused by meteorological phenomena.
– A megatsunami is an informal term used to describe very large
tsunamis. They are a highly local effect, either occurring on
shores extremely close to the origin of a tsunami, or in
deep, narrow inlets.

15. • Provide for Emergency
Housing.
• Emergency repairs to
homes, drains and water
supply and sanitation
infrastructure.
• Early warning systems
to identify health
effects.

16. – Prolonged rainfall from a
storm, including
thunderstorms, rapid melting of
large amounts of snow, or
rivers which swell from excess
precipitation upstream and
cause widespread damage to
areas downstream, or less
frequently the bursting of man-
made dams or levees.

17. • Provide for Emergency
Housing
• Emergency repairs to
homes, drains and water
supply and sanitation
infrastructure
• Early warning systems to
identify health effects

18. – An abnormally dry
period when there is
not enough water to
support
agricultural, urban or
environmental water
needs.
– Extended droughts can
result in deaths by
starvation or
disease, and can result

19. • Create Rain Water
Harvesting System
• Promote Watershed
Programmes
• Increasing Forest
cover
• Using Alternative crops
in drought

20. – Hurricane, tropical
cyclone, and typhoon are
different names for the
same phenomenon: a
cyclonic storm system that
forms over the oceans.
– It is caused by evaporated
water that comes off of
the ocean and becomes a
storm. The Coriolis Effect
causes the storms to
spin, and a hurricane is
declared when this spinning
mass of storms attains a
wind speed greater than 74
mph.

21. • Create effective
Cyclone early warning
system linked to
weather satellites
• Provide rapid evacuation
facilities.
• Provide Emergency
Housing, Medical and
Sanitation facilities.

23. • The nature of Disaster
management is highly
dependent on economic
and social conditions local
to the emergency, or
disaster. This is
particularly important in
developing nations
• The process of emergency
management involves
three phases:
mitigation, response, and
recovery.

24. • Mitigation is to reduce the effects of disasters when
they occur.
• The mitigation phase differs from the other phases
because it focuses on long-term measures for reducing
or eliminating risk.
• The implementation of mitigation strategies can be
considered a part of the recovery process if applied
after a disaster occurs.

25. • The response phase includes the mobilization of the
necessary emergency services and first responders in
the disaster area.
• This is likely to include a first wave of core
emergency services, such as firefighters, police and
ambulance crews.
• They may be supported by a number of secondary
emergency services, such as specialist rescue teams.

26. • The aim of the recovery phase is to restore the
affected area to its previous state. It differs from the
response phase in its focus; recovery efforts are
concerned with issues and decisions that must be made
after immediate needs are addressed.
• Recovery efforts are primarily concerned with actions
that involve rebuilding destroyed property, re-
employment, and the repair of other essential
infrastructure.

28. • National Red Cross/Red
Crescent societies often
have pivotal roles in
responding to emergencies.
• Additionally, the
International Federation of
Red Cross and Red
Crescent Societies
(IFRC, or "The
Federation") may deploy
assessment teams to the
affected country.
• They specialize in the
recovery component of the
emergency management
framework.

29. United Nations
• Within the United Nations system responsibility
for emergency response rests with the Resident
Coordinator within the affected country.
However, in practice international response will
be coordinated, if requested by the affected
country’s government, by the UN Office for the
Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN-
OCHA), by deploying a UN Disaster Assessment
and Coordination (UNDAC) team.

30. Image Zone

31. Shubham Jain
Udayan Tandon
Of
Bal Bharati Public School,
Pitampura