Deeksha membrane distillation
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
2 likes•1,348 views
This document provides an overview of membrane distillation, including: - A brief history noting its first proposal in 1967 in Greece and early research in India in the 1970s. - An explanation of the basic principle of using a hydrophobic membrane to allow vapor transport but prevent liquid transport for distillation. - A description of the main types of membrane modules and common membrane materials used. - Details on the heat and mass transfer processes during membrane distillation and equations governing vapor flux. - Advantages of membrane distillation like high rejection rates and low energy costs compared to disadvantages like low permeate flux. - Potential applications in water purification and food industries. - A conclusion that membrane
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
An Introduction to Membrane Distillation
This document provides an introduction to membrane distillation, including:
1. It describes four main membrane distillation configurations: direct contact, air gap, sweeping gas, and vacuum membrane distillation.
2. It discusses common membrane module designs including tubular and plate and frame modules.
3. It outlines common membrane materials for membrane distillation including polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene in both hollow fiber and flat sheet configurations.
Membrane Distillation, a thermally driven separation water treatment technolo...
Membrane Distillation (MD) is an emerging thermally driven membrane process that can be applied to concentrate acid and recover fresh water from acidic wastewater solutions. MD has the advantages of requiring mainly low-grade thermal energy (i.e. waste heat, solar thermal), being simple to operate and having a high robustness being suitable for operation in harsh environments or with little maintenance/monitoring. MD is one of the core expertise of the IPE group at AEE INTEC and within several national and international the technology has been applied to solve different industrial problems related to water treatment and/or recovery of valuable substances. The presentation will give an overview on the technical aspects of the technology, its possible applications including case studies, its capabilities and its costs. The webinar is also intended to get feedback from the participants on specific water problems related to the mining industry.
Reverse Osmosis and Membrane Distillation
A compact guide to the membrane distillation and its coupling with reverse osmosis for the treatment of the latter's brine.
Membrane distillation
This document reviews advances in membrane distillation technology for water desalination and purification. It discusses the fundamental heat and mass transfer processes in membrane distillation, recent developments in membrane materials and module designs, as well as applications and economics. Key configurations of membrane distillation include direct contact, air gap, vacuum, and sweep gas membrane distillation. While membrane distillation was introduced in the 1960s, limitations in membrane technology and economics previously hindered widespread adoption; however, new membrane materials and improved understanding of mass and heat transfer principles have renewed interest in membrane distillation in recent decades.
Membrane separation (osmotic)
This document is a report on membrane or osmotic distillation submitted by a group of 5 chemical engineering students at Gujarat Technological University. It provides an introduction to membrane separation processes and membrane distillation. It discusses the process fundamentals, configurations including direct contact membrane distillation, air gap membrane distillation, sweeping gas membrane distillation and vacuum membrane distillation. It also discusses osmotic distillation and the characteristics of membranes used, including materials, pore size, porosity, tortuosity and thickness. Finally, it summarizes various commercial membranes that have been used for membrane distillation.
Membrane gas separation
gas sweetening and separation , using membrane to separate carbon dioxide from natural gas in industry
Membrane separation processe
Membranes have been used for separations since the 18th century, with significant developments in the 20th century. They are semi-permeable barriers that selectively restrict the transport of molecules. Key membrane processes include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, gas separation, and pervaporation. Membranes are used in modules and the selection of module depends on factors like membrane area, costs, and fouling control. While membranes offer advantages like mild operating conditions, challenges include membrane fouling and costs.
Membrane based water purification technology(ultra filteration,dialysis and e...
This is made by keeping in mind needy students who want to know water purification technology.This slide contain brief description about membrane,ultra filtration,dialysis,electro dialysis.For further topic check my updates regularly....... .At last i would like to thanks those students who downloaded this slide.
Recommended
An Introduction to Membrane Distillation
This document provides an introduction to membrane distillation, including:
1. It describes four main membrane distillation configurations: direct contact, air gap, sweeping gas, and vacuum membrane distillation.
2. It discusses common membrane module designs including tubular and plate and frame modules.
3. It outlines common membrane materials for membrane distillation including polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene in both hollow fiber and flat sheet configurations.
Membrane Distillation, a thermally driven separation water treatment technolo...
Membrane Distillation (MD) is an emerging thermally driven membrane process that can be applied to concentrate acid and recover fresh water from acidic wastewater solutions. MD has the advantages of requiring mainly low-grade thermal energy (i.e. waste heat, solar thermal), being simple to operate and having a high robustness being suitable for operation in harsh environments or with little maintenance/monitoring. MD is one of the core expertise of the IPE group at AEE INTEC and within several national and international the technology has been applied to solve different industrial problems related to water treatment and/or recovery of valuable substances. The presentation will give an overview on the technical aspects of the technology, its possible applications including case studies, its capabilities and its costs. The webinar is also intended to get feedback from the participants on specific water problems related to the mining industry.
Reverse Osmosis and Membrane Distillation
A compact guide to the membrane distillation and its coupling with reverse osmosis for the treatment of the latter's brine.
Membrane distillation
This document reviews advances in membrane distillation technology for water desalination and purification. It discusses the fundamental heat and mass transfer processes in membrane distillation, recent developments in membrane materials and module designs, as well as applications and economics. Key configurations of membrane distillation include direct contact, air gap, vacuum, and sweep gas membrane distillation. While membrane distillation was introduced in the 1960s, limitations in membrane technology and economics previously hindered widespread adoption; however, new membrane materials and improved understanding of mass and heat transfer principles have renewed interest in membrane distillation in recent decades.
Membrane separation (osmotic)
This document is a report on membrane or osmotic distillation submitted by a group of 5 chemical engineering students at Gujarat Technological University. It provides an introduction to membrane separation processes and membrane distillation. It discusses the process fundamentals, configurations including direct contact membrane distillation, air gap membrane distillation, sweeping gas membrane distillation and vacuum membrane distillation. It also discusses osmotic distillation and the characteristics of membranes used, including materials, pore size, porosity, tortuosity and thickness. Finally, it summarizes various commercial membranes that have been used for membrane distillation.
Membrane gas separation
gas sweetening and separation , using membrane to separate carbon dioxide from natural gas in industry
Membrane separation processe
Membranes have been used for separations since the 18th century, with significant developments in the 20th century. They are semi-permeable barriers that selectively restrict the transport of molecules. Key membrane processes include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, gas separation, and pervaporation. Membranes are used in modules and the selection of module depends on factors like membrane area, costs, and fouling control. While membranes offer advantages like mild operating conditions, challenges include membrane fouling and costs.
Membrane based water purification technology(ultra filteration,dialysis and e...
This is made by keeping in mind needy students who want to know water purification technology.This slide contain brief description about membrane,ultra filtration,dialysis,electro dialysis.For further topic check my updates regularly....... .At last i would like to thanks those students who downloaded this slide.
Membrane technology
This document discusses membrane filtration technology. It covers topics such as membrane classification based on pore size and pressure range, common membrane processes like microfiltration and reverse osmosis, factors that affect membrane performance like fouling, and advantages of membrane filtration over conventional processes like sand filtration. The document also describes strategies to mitigate fouling, such as pretreatment, operation techniques like crossflow filtration, and chemical cleaning methods. Maintaining membrane integrity is also addressed.
Membrane technology
what is membrane,material used,membrane module,working mechanism,types of flow,membrane process, methods reducing fouling,advantages
Desalination of Sea Water using Membrane technology
The document discusses various desalination methods for obtaining fresh water from seawater. It begins by introducing the importance of desalination given increasing fresh water scarcity. There are two main types of desalination processes: thermal and membrane. Thermal processes involve boiling saline water to produce distilled water, while membrane processes use semi-permeable membranes to separate fresh water from salt water. The document then goes into detail about various thermal and membrane desalination methods, including multi-stage flash distillation, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. It also discusses factors involved in membrane development and selection.
Sttp ppt msp_overview_09-10-2009_zvpm
Membrane separation processes have been widely used for wastewater treatment due to their advantages over conventional processes. Key membrane processes for wastewater treatment include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and membrane bioreactors. These processes provide high quality treated water with low capital and operating costs due to their compact size and ability to automate. However, membrane fouling remains a challenge that can reduce membrane performance over time.
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Membrane separation consists of different process operating on a variety of physical
principles and applicable to a wide range of separations of miscible components
These methods yield only a more concentrated liquid stream than feed. Membrane
separation processes have several advantages. These include :
Low energy alternative to evaporation in concentrating a dilute feed, particularly when the desired material is thermally labile or when the desired component is a clear liquid
The chemical and mechanical stresses on the product are minimal and since no phase change is involve the energy requirement is modest
Product concentration and purification can be achieved in a single step and the
selectivity towards the desired product is good
The method can easily be scaled up
In bioprocess industry, membrane separation is widely used because of the mild operating conditions and low energy requirements in the recovery of lactose from whey, separation of immiscible components such extracellular products (
e.g. proteins, enzymes etc) and biomass.
Membrane separation process cannot be used for feeds containing a high concentration of low molecular weight components because of high osmotic pressure or when the feed has high solid content(>25% w/v) because of pumping problems
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Membrane Filtration (TFF) to Enable High Solids...
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) Membrane Plants are used in Desalination, Brackish Groundwater Treatment, High Chloride Surface Water Treatment, Waste Water Treatment Plant Effluent Reuse, Biopharmaceutical, Food & Protein Applications for removal of undesired constituents and harvesting of desireable products. Cross flow membrane filtration technology has been used widely in industry globally. Filtration membranes can be polymeric or ceramic, depending upon the application. The principles of cross-flow filtration are used in reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration. When purifying water, it can be very cost effective in comparison to the traditional evaporation methods. Techniques to improve performance of cross flow filtration include:
Backwashing: In backwashing, the transmembrane pressure is periodically inverted by the use of a secondary pump, so that permeate flows back into the feed, lifting the fouling layer.
Clean-in-place: Clean-in-place systems are typically used to remove fouling from membranes after extensive use. The CIP process may use detergents, reactive agents such as sodium hypochlorite and acids and alkalis such as citric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Concentration: The volume of the fluid is reduced by allowing permeate flow to occur. Solvent, solutes, and particles smaller than the membrane pore size pass through the membrane, while particles larger than the pore size are retained, and thereby concentrated. In bioprocessing applications, concentration may be followed by diafiltration.
Diafiltration: In order to effectively remove permeate components from the slurry, fresh solvent may be added to the feed to replace the permeate volume, at the same rate as the permeate flow rate, such that the volume in the system remains constant. This is analogous to the washing of filter cake to remove soluble components. Dilution and re-concentration is sometimes also referred to as "diafiltration."
Membrane technology
This document discusses membrane technology for water treatment. It describes the basic working principle of membranes, which selectively allow water to pass through while blocking other substances like solids, bacteria, and proteins. There are two main types of membrane modules: hollow fine fiber membranes and spiral wound membranes. The performance of membranes can be affected by factors like pH, pressure, temperature, and feed flow. Regular cleaning is needed to prevent fouling, which is typically done through chemical cleaning processes involving low and high pH cleaners.
Membrane Separation Processes
This presentation is about the Membrane Separation Processes mostly used in Food and Chemical Industries. The presentation discusses about the Mechanisms and Food Industry Applications of Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis.
Membrane Separation
This is a descriptive note on Membrane separation. If you like this note or content please like comment and share. Your like inspires me very much .Thank you.
Membrane separation processes
The document discusses liquid membrane separation processes in hollow fibre contactors. It defines a membrane as an interface that separates phases and restricts transport. There are three types of liquid membranes - bulk, supported, and emulsion. Supported liquid membranes use hollow fibres to immobilize the liquid membrane. Liquid membrane separation involves a source, liquid membrane, and receiving phase. Applications include recovery of metals from wastewater and electroplating solutions, and use in biomedical and analytical fields. The history of liquid membranes dates back to the 1960s and 1970s with developments in immobilized, emulsion, and thin film liquid membranes.
Presentation
Membrane fouling occurs when deposits form on or within a reverse osmosis membrane, reducing its performance over time. There are three main mechanisms of fouling: adsorption, where solutes adhere to the membrane surface or inside pores via chemical interactions; plugging, where particles too large to pass through block the membrane channels; and biofouling, where bacteria attach to and grow on the membrane. Regular monitoring of plant performance is needed to detect fouling. Pretreatment and operating conditions affect fouling rates, which can increase pressures and energy usage if not controlled.
Water recycling & membrane technology
This document discusses water recycling and membrane technology. It provides information on different types of membrane processes including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. It explains how these processes work and their applications in water treatment. Key points covered include the selection of membranes based on factors like molecular size and charge, common membrane configurations, and challenges with membrane fouling.
Membrane separation process
This is for actual presentation for Membrane Separation Process. I hope I guided you better from skills. So keep learn about this slide. You basics already cleared from this presentations after reading. Many more things on this subject in Chemical Engineering. I will discuss with you about that remaining part. So Thank You.
Membranes for Pervaporation
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
New technology for desalination
This document discusses various desalination processes and their energy requirements and costs. It provides details on membrane-based processes like forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, and membrane distillation. Forward osmosis uses osmotic pressure to purify water and has potential applications in water treatment, energy production, and life sciences. The document outlines several pilot projects using forward osmosis and membrane distillation technologies and discusses the benefits and challenges of these innovative approaches to desalination.
Pressure swing distillationn
Pressure swing distillation is a process that uses changes in pressure to separate azeotropic mixtures without adding an entrainer. It works by altering the relative volatility of components in a mixture through simple pressure changes. A pressure swing distillation system typically uses two distillation columns operating at different pressures, with the distillate from one column recycled to the other. This allows for the continuous separation of components that form an azeotrope at one pressure but can be separated at another pressure. It provides an environmentally friendly alternative to extractive distillation or azeotropic distillation for certain binary mixtures.
gas and liquid permeation
This document discusses gas permeation and liquid permeation. It defines permeation as the penetration of a permeate such as liquid, gas, or vapor through a solid material. Gas permeation uses a non-porous membrane to separate a gaseous feed stream into permeate and non-permeate streams based on differences in permeation rates. Liquid permeation occurs when a volatile liquid mixture is applied to one side of a non-porous membrane and the other side contains liquid, with permeation dependent on molecular size and polarity of the liquid. Common applications include hydrogen separation and removal of carbon dioxide or organic solvents from air.
Liquid membrane
Liquid membranes can be either immobilized liquid membranes (ILM), also called supported liquid membranes (SLM), or emulsion liquid membranes (ELM). ILMs are made by immersing a thin porous solid film with a liquid, allowing molecules to diffuse through the liquid in the pores. ELMs contain small liquid globules of one liquid suspended in another liquid medium. Liquid membranes allow separation through passive diffusion, facilitated transport using a carrier molecule, or coupled transport where the carrier couples the flow of two species. Common applications include removal of specific ions, gases, and organic compounds.
Gas Membrane Presentation
The document discusses gas membrane separation using hollow fiber membranes to separate an air stream into enriched oxygen and nitrogen streams. An experiment was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for separation, with the highest oxygen concentration achieved at the largest pressure difference and higher flow rates. The results showed that the experimental selectivity increased with the pressure difference but was slightly lower than the ideal selectivity value.
Pervaporation
This presentation provides an overview of pervaporation. Pervaporation involves the partial vaporization of a liquid mixture through a nonporous membrane, driven by a concentration gradient. The membrane retains one component more strongly than the other, allowing separation. Common applications include dehydrating ethanol/water mixtures and removing organic solvents from wastewater. The presentation discusses the basic process, membrane types including organic and inorganic options, design of pervaporation modules, and mathematical models. Typical industrial uses aim to concentrate flavors or break azeotropes in distillation.
Membrane distillation
This document reviews advances in membrane distillation for water desalination and purification. It discusses the four main configurations of membrane distillation - direct contact, air gap, vacuum, and sweep gas membrane distillation. Direct contact has the highest flux but lowest energy efficiency, while air gap has the highest energy efficiency but lowest flux. The document also discusses tubular and plate-and-frame membrane module designs. Finally, it outlines the key membrane materials used - hollow fiber membranes made from PP, PVDF, and PVDF-PTFE and flat sheet membranes made from PP, PTFE, and PVDF.
Membrane Distillation Review and Flux prediction in Direct Contact Membrane D...
This document provides a review of membrane distillation (MD) including its history, configurations, transport mechanisms, commercially used membrane materials, and flux prediction modeling. MD uses a hydrophobic membrane to separate water vapor from an aqueous solution based on vapor pressure differences induced by a temperature gradient across the membrane. The document discusses four basic diffusion models in MD and develops a theoretical mathematical model to predict permeate flux in direct contact MD using MATLAB code. It also reviews MD membrane properties, applications, and challenges like flux decline over time due to fouling.
More Related Content
What's hot
Membrane technology
This document discusses membrane filtration technology. It covers topics such as membrane classification based on pore size and pressure range, common membrane processes like microfiltration and reverse osmosis, factors that affect membrane performance like fouling, and advantages of membrane filtration over conventional processes like sand filtration. The document also describes strategies to mitigate fouling, such as pretreatment, operation techniques like crossflow filtration, and chemical cleaning methods. Maintaining membrane integrity is also addressed.
Membrane technology
what is membrane,material used,membrane module,working mechanism,types of flow,membrane process, methods reducing fouling,advantages
Desalination of Sea Water using Membrane technology
The document discusses various desalination methods for obtaining fresh water from seawater. It begins by introducing the importance of desalination given increasing fresh water scarcity. There are two main types of desalination processes: thermal and membrane. Thermal processes involve boiling saline water to produce distilled water, while membrane processes use semi-permeable membranes to separate fresh water from salt water. The document then goes into detail about various thermal and membrane desalination methods, including multi-stage flash distillation, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. It also discusses factors involved in membrane development and selection.
Sttp ppt msp_overview_09-10-2009_zvpm
Membrane separation processes have been widely used for wastewater treatment due to their advantages over conventional processes. Key membrane processes for wastewater treatment include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and membrane bioreactors. These processes provide high quality treated water with low capital and operating costs due to their compact size and ability to automate. However, membrane fouling remains a challenge that can reduce membrane performance over time.
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Membrane separation consists of different process operating on a variety of physical
principles and applicable to a wide range of separations of miscible components
These methods yield only a more concentrated liquid stream than feed. Membrane
separation processes have several advantages. These include :
Low energy alternative to evaporation in concentrating a dilute feed, particularly when the desired material is thermally labile or when the desired component is a clear liquid
The chemical and mechanical stresses on the product are minimal and since no phase change is involve the energy requirement is modest
Product concentration and purification can be achieved in a single step and the
selectivity towards the desired product is good
The method can easily be scaled up
In bioprocess industry, membrane separation is widely used because of the mild operating conditions and low energy requirements in the recovery of lactose from whey, separation of immiscible components such extracellular products (
e.g. proteins, enzymes etc) and biomass.
Membrane separation process cannot be used for feeds containing a high concentration of low molecular weight components because of high osmotic pressure or when the feed has high solid content(>25% w/v) because of pumping problems
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Membrane Filtration (TFF) to Enable High Solids...
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) Membrane Plants are used in Desalination, Brackish Groundwater Treatment, High Chloride Surface Water Treatment, Waste Water Treatment Plant Effluent Reuse, Biopharmaceutical, Food & Protein Applications for removal of undesired constituents and harvesting of desireable products. Cross flow membrane filtration technology has been used widely in industry globally. Filtration membranes can be polymeric or ceramic, depending upon the application. The principles of cross-flow filtration are used in reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration. When purifying water, it can be very cost effective in comparison to the traditional evaporation methods. Techniques to improve performance of cross flow filtration include:
Backwashing: In backwashing, the transmembrane pressure is periodically inverted by the use of a secondary pump, so that permeate flows back into the feed, lifting the fouling layer.
Clean-in-place: Clean-in-place systems are typically used to remove fouling from membranes after extensive use. The CIP process may use detergents, reactive agents such as sodium hypochlorite and acids and alkalis such as citric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Concentration: The volume of the fluid is reduced by allowing permeate flow to occur. Solvent, solutes, and particles smaller than the membrane pore size pass through the membrane, while particles larger than the pore size are retained, and thereby concentrated. In bioprocessing applications, concentration may be followed by diafiltration.
Diafiltration: In order to effectively remove permeate components from the slurry, fresh solvent may be added to the feed to replace the permeate volume, at the same rate as the permeate flow rate, such that the volume in the system remains constant. This is analogous to the washing of filter cake to remove soluble components. Dilution and re-concentration is sometimes also referred to as "diafiltration."
Membrane technology
This document discusses membrane technology for water treatment. It describes the basic working principle of membranes, which selectively allow water to pass through while blocking other substances like solids, bacteria, and proteins. There are two main types of membrane modules: hollow fine fiber membranes and spiral wound membranes. The performance of membranes can be affected by factors like pH, pressure, temperature, and feed flow. Regular cleaning is needed to prevent fouling, which is typically done through chemical cleaning processes involving low and high pH cleaners.
Membrane Separation Processes
This presentation is about the Membrane Separation Processes mostly used in Food and Chemical Industries. The presentation discusses about the Mechanisms and Food Industry Applications of Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis.
Membrane Separation
This is a descriptive note on Membrane separation. If you like this note or content please like comment and share. Your like inspires me very much .Thank you.
Membrane separation processes
The document discusses liquid membrane separation processes in hollow fibre contactors. It defines a membrane as an interface that separates phases and restricts transport. There are three types of liquid membranes - bulk, supported, and emulsion. Supported liquid membranes use hollow fibres to immobilize the liquid membrane. Liquid membrane separation involves a source, liquid membrane, and receiving phase. Applications include recovery of metals from wastewater and electroplating solutions, and use in biomedical and analytical fields. The history of liquid membranes dates back to the 1960s and 1970s with developments in immobilized, emulsion, and thin film liquid membranes.
Presentation
Membrane fouling occurs when deposits form on or within a reverse osmosis membrane, reducing its performance over time. There are three main mechanisms of fouling: adsorption, where solutes adhere to the membrane surface or inside pores via chemical interactions; plugging, where particles too large to pass through block the membrane channels; and biofouling, where bacteria attach to and grow on the membrane. Regular monitoring of plant performance is needed to detect fouling. Pretreatment and operating conditions affect fouling rates, which can increase pressures and energy usage if not controlled.
Water recycling & membrane technology
This document discusses water recycling and membrane technology. It provides information on different types of membrane processes including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. It explains how these processes work and their applications in water treatment. Key points covered include the selection of membranes based on factors like molecular size and charge, common membrane configurations, and challenges with membrane fouling.
Membrane separation process
This is for actual presentation for Membrane Separation Process. I hope I guided you better from skills. So keep learn about this slide. You basics already cleared from this presentations after reading. Many more things on this subject in Chemical Engineering. I will discuss with you about that remaining part. So Thank You.
Membranes for Pervaporation
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
New technology for desalination
This document discusses various desalination processes and their energy requirements and costs. It provides details on membrane-based processes like forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, and membrane distillation. Forward osmosis uses osmotic pressure to purify water and has potential applications in water treatment, energy production, and life sciences. The document outlines several pilot projects using forward osmosis and membrane distillation technologies and discusses the benefits and challenges of these innovative approaches to desalination.
Pressure swing distillationn
Pressure swing distillation is a process that uses changes in pressure to separate azeotropic mixtures without adding an entrainer. It works by altering the relative volatility of components in a mixture through simple pressure changes. A pressure swing distillation system typically uses two distillation columns operating at different pressures, with the distillate from one column recycled to the other. This allows for the continuous separation of components that form an azeotrope at one pressure but can be separated at another pressure. It provides an environmentally friendly alternative to extractive distillation or azeotropic distillation for certain binary mixtures.
gas and liquid permeation
This document discusses gas permeation and liquid permeation. It defines permeation as the penetration of a permeate such as liquid, gas, or vapor through a solid material. Gas permeation uses a non-porous membrane to separate a gaseous feed stream into permeate and non-permeate streams based on differences in permeation rates. Liquid permeation occurs when a volatile liquid mixture is applied to one side of a non-porous membrane and the other side contains liquid, with permeation dependent on molecular size and polarity of the liquid. Common applications include hydrogen separation and removal of carbon dioxide or organic solvents from air.
Liquid membrane
Liquid membranes can be either immobilized liquid membranes (ILM), also called supported liquid membranes (SLM), or emulsion liquid membranes (ELM). ILMs are made by immersing a thin porous solid film with a liquid, allowing molecules to diffuse through the liquid in the pores. ELMs contain small liquid globules of one liquid suspended in another liquid medium. Liquid membranes allow separation through passive diffusion, facilitated transport using a carrier molecule, or coupled transport where the carrier couples the flow of two species. Common applications include removal of specific ions, gases, and organic compounds.
Gas Membrane Presentation
The document discusses gas membrane separation using hollow fiber membranes to separate an air stream into enriched oxygen and nitrogen streams. An experiment was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for separation, with the highest oxygen concentration achieved at the largest pressure difference and higher flow rates. The results showed that the experimental selectivity increased with the pressure difference but was slightly lower than the ideal selectivity value.
Pervaporation
This presentation provides an overview of pervaporation. Pervaporation involves the partial vaporization of a liquid mixture through a nonporous membrane, driven by a concentration gradient. The membrane retains one component more strongly than the other, allowing separation. Common applications include dehydrating ethanol/water mixtures and removing organic solvents from wastewater. The presentation discusses the basic process, membrane types including organic and inorganic options, design of pervaporation modules, and mathematical models. Typical industrial uses aim to concentrate flavors or break azeotropes in distillation.
What's hot (20)
Desalination of Sea Water using Membrane technology
Desalination of Sea Water using Membrane technology
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Membrane Filtration (TFF) to Enable High Solids...
Cross Flow or Tangential Flow Membrane Filtration (TFF) to Enable High Solids...
Similar to Deeksha membrane distillation
Membrane distillation
This document reviews advances in membrane distillation for water desalination and purification. It discusses the four main configurations of membrane distillation - direct contact, air gap, vacuum, and sweep gas membrane distillation. Direct contact has the highest flux but lowest energy efficiency, while air gap has the highest energy efficiency but lowest flux. The document also discusses tubular and plate-and-frame membrane module designs. Finally, it outlines the key membrane materials used - hollow fiber membranes made from PP, PVDF, and PVDF-PTFE and flat sheet membranes made from PP, PTFE, and PVDF.
Membrane Distillation Review and Flux prediction in Direct Contact Membrane D...
This document provides a review of membrane distillation (MD) including its history, configurations, transport mechanisms, commercially used membrane materials, and flux prediction modeling. MD uses a hydrophobic membrane to separate water vapor from an aqueous solution based on vapor pressure differences induced by a temperature gradient across the membrane. The document discusses four basic diffusion models in MD and develops a theoretical mathematical model to predict permeate flux in direct contact MD using MATLAB code. It also reviews MD membrane properties, applications, and challenges like flux decline over time due to fouling.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEEDLE PUNCHED NONWOVEN FABRIC FROM TEXTILE FIBER WASTES FOR T...
The document discusses the development of needle punched nonwoven fabrics from textile fiber wastes for use as thermal insulation materials. It aims to utilize comber noil, silk cocoon waste, and recycled polyester fibers to produce nonwoven fabrics and evaluate their thermal and sound insulation properties. Five different nonwoven samples were produced with different fiber compositions and tested for properties like thickness, density, porosity, liquid absorption, thermal conductivity, sound absorption, and degradation performance. The results showed that the recycled fiber nonwovens have potential as sustainable alternatives to traditional insulation materials like fiberglass.
Adiabatic technologies
This document discusses adiabatic deposition and surface modification techniques using pulsed energy beams.
1) Adiabatic processes use pulse durations shorter than the thermalization time so that energy is deposited into the material faster than it can conduct away as heat. This allows modifying properties without significantly changing temperature.
2) An example is shown where an electron beam causes localized heating allowing re-crystallization of semiconductor and superconductor materials.
3) Applications include depositing thin films and coatings using ion or electron beams as well as mixing deposited layers with the substrate through ion bombardment.
2019 rec9168 ppt progress presentation
Divakar Kumar presented his research proposal to his supervisors Dr. Ritu Sharma and Dr. Anup K. Sharma. He took coursework in Semiconductor Devices and earned a grade of 2. His proposed research focuses on fabricating and characterizing thin film nano-sensors to enhance their sensitivity and selectivity for applications such as detecting heavy metals in water. So far he has conducted an introduction to the topic and literature review. He plans to fabricate thin film nano-sensors using techniques like spray coating and dip coating, and characterize the films.
Surbhi Krishna Singh - Professional Gallery
This document contains information about Surbhi Krishna Singh's educational background and professional experience. She received a Master's degree in Materials Science and Engineering from the National University of Singapore and a Bachelor's degree in Metallurgical and Materials Science Engineering from the National Institute of Technology in India. Her professional experience includes research positions at NUS and internships at Seagate Technology and Mu Sigma focused on materials engineering projects.
CFD analysis of flow through packed bed bunker
Flow analysis of packed bed is done by using Ansys Fluent. Pressure variation across the porous medium is discussed.
Ge3510911102
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
F047041048
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Large scale dioxin/pesticid source remediation, Niels Ploug, Kruger
The document discusses the remediation of dioxin and pesticides through thermal conduction heating (TCH) and insulated pile thermal desorption (IPTD). It provides examples of previous TCH and IPTD field projects that successfully reduced dioxin levels in soil and sediment. The document also outlines a project using IPTD to remediate dioxin contamination at Da Nang Airport in Vietnam, where Agent Orange was stored during the Vietnam War. Surveys identified contaminated areas and underground ordnance, which was removed before IPTD treatment at over 335°C to meet cleanup criteria. Vapors were treated with granular activated carbon while water was separated and treated. The project aims to remediate the dioxin contamination
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Polyethersulfone (PES) is a polymeric permeable material used in ultrafiltration (UF)
membranes due to its high thermomechanical and chemical stability. The hydrophobic nature of
PES membranes renders them prone to fouling and restricts the practical applications of PES in the
fabrication of water treatment membranes. The present study demonstrates a non-solvent-induced
phase separation (NIPS) approach to modifying PES membranes with different concentrations of
discrete TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs). Zeta potential and contact angle measurements showed enhanced
hydrophilicity and surface negative charge in TNTs/PES nanocomposite membranes compared to
unmodified PES membranes. To discern the antifouling and permeation properties of the TNTs/PES
membranes, steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wastewater obtained from the Athabasca oil
sands of Alberta was used. The TiO2 modified polymer nanocomposite membranes resulted in a
higher organic matter rejection and water flux than the unmodified PES membrane. The addition of
discrete TNTs at 1 wt% afforded maximum water flux (82 L/m2 h at 40 psi), organic matter rejection
(53.9%), and antifouling properties (29% improvement in comparison to pristine PES membrane).
An enhancement in fouling resistance of TNTs/PES nanocomposite membranes was observed in
flux recovery ratio experiments.
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Polyethersulfone (PES) is a polymeric permeable material used in ultrafiltration (UF) membranes due to its high thermomechanical and chemical stability. The hydrophobic nature of PES membranes renders them prone to fouling and restricts the practical applications of PES in the fabrication of water treatment membranes. The present study demonstrates a non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) approach to modifying PES membranes with different concentrations of discrete TiO 2 nanotubes (TNTs). Zeta potential and contact angle measurements showed enhanced hydrophilicity and surface negative charge in TNTs/PES nanocomposite membranes compared to unmodified PES membranes. To discern the antifouling and permeation properties of the TNTs/PES membranes, steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wastewater obtained from the Athabasca oil sands of Alberta was used. The TiO 2 modified polymer nanocomposite membranes resulted in a higher organic matter rejection and water flux than the unmodified PES membrane. The addition of discrete TNTs at 1 wt% afforded maximum water flux (82 L/m 2 h at 40 psi), organic matter rejection (53.9%), and antifouling properties (29% improvement in comparison to pristine PES membrane). An enhancement in fouling resistance of TNTs/PES nanocomposite membranes was observed in flux recovery ratio experiments. View Full-Text
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
This document describes a study on incorporating discrete titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes into polyethersulfone (PES) membranes using a non-solvent induced phase separation approach to modify the membranes. Different concentrations of TiO2 nanotubes were added to create nanocomposite membranes. Characterization showed the nanocomposite membranes had enhanced hydrophilicity and negative surface charge compared to unmodified PES membranes. Testing also found the TiO2 nanotube modified membranes had higher water flux, better organic matter rejection, and improved antifouling properties when filtering real wastewater compared to the unmodified PES membrane. Adding 1 wt% TiO2 nanotubes provided the best performance.
carbon nanotubes,properties and applications
This document provides an overview of carbon nanotubes. It discusses the history of carbon nanotube discovery from the 1950s to 1991. It describes what carbon nanotubes are, which are tube-shaped materials made of carbon that have diameters on the nanometer scale. The document classifies carbon nanotubes based on chirality, layers, and conductivity. It outlines the properties of carbon nanotubes including their small size, strength, flexibility, and thermal and electrical conductivity. Methods for synthesizing carbon nanotubes are described, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Applications of carbon nanotubes discussed include use in energy storage, molecular electronics, sensors, composites, and desalination
Design of concentric solar water distillator.
Distillation is one of many processes available for water purification, and sunlight has heat energy that can be used to power that process. Sunlight has advantage of zero fuel cost but it available in attuned format so requires larger collector areas i.e. absorber surfaces due to this it becomes costlier equipment. It is misnomer that for distillation we need to boil water actually simply elevating its temperature, short of boiling will adequately increase the evaporation rate. In fact, although vigorous boiling hastens the distillation process it also can force unwanted residue into the distillate, defeating purification. To boil water with sunlight requires more costly apparatus than is needed to distill it little more slowly without boiling. Different levels of purification can be achieved with this equipment which can be used for sterilized water for medical uses. Purification of heavy water in dissolved salts differs from purification of water that has been dirtied by other chemicals processes.
project presentation 1 (2).pptx
This document describes a study on improving the performance of a parabolic solar concentrator by using Al2O3-water nanofluid. The objectives were to design and fabricate a parabolic solar collector, conduct experiments using water and nanofluids of different concentrations as working fluids, and compare the results. Experimental results showed that nanofluids increased collector efficiency compared to water, with higher concentrations performing better. Numerical analysis using ANSYS software also showed higher temperature distributions in the absorber tube when using nanofluids. The use of nanofluids enhanced heat transfer and improved solar collector efficiency.
ENHANCEMENT OF THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF NANOFLUID FLOWS IN A FLAT SOLAR COLLECTO...
Flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is popular for their low cost, simplicity, and ease of installation and operation. In this work, FPSC thermal performance was analyzed. It's compared to diamond/H2O nanofluids. The volume percentage and kind of nanoparticles are analyzed numerically that validation with experimental data available in the literature. The hot climate of Iraq is employed to approximate the model. The numerical study is performed by using ANSYS/FLUENT software to simulate the case study of problem. Due to less solar intensity after midday, temperatures reduction. The greatest collector thermal efficiency is 68.90% with 1% ND/water nanofluid, a 12.2% increase over pure water. The efficiency of 1% nanofluid is better than other concentrations because of a change in physical properties and an increase in thermal conductivity. Since the intensity of radiation affects the outlet temperature from the solar collector and there is a direct link between them, this increases the efficiency of the solar collector, especially around 12:30 pm at the optimum efficiency.
Chloride corrosion effect on different diameter rebar in marine structures
Chloride corrosion effect on different diameter rebar in marine structuresAlexis Manzano MEng(Hons) GMICE
This study analyzed the corrosion of different diameter rebar (12mm and 8mm) in reinforced concrete samples subjected to 231 days of cyclic immersion and drying in simulated marine environment. The 12mm rebar experienced greater mass loss and corrosion rates 61% higher than the 8mm rebar within 182 days. The time to corrosion initiation was predicted using a chloride diffusion model and half-cell potential testing, while time to propagation was estimated using the Maaddawy model. However, the Maaddawy model did not fully account for the higher diffusion rates in immersion cycles, leading to uncertainties. The results suggest using smaller diameter rebar like 8mm for secondary reinforcements and reducing spacing between stirrups to prolong the serviceCavitation in Microfliuidcs_rev1_43_share
This document summarizes a thesis on cavitation in microfluidics. The goals of the thesis are to introduce fundamental terms, research the state-of-the-art technology through literature review, use computational fluid dynamics to model flow in micrometer-sized channels, and design an experiment. The thesis will examine cavitation chemistry and effects, model cavitation in microchannels and millichannels, and provide recommendations for future research work.
Similar to Deeksha membrane distillation (20)
Membrane Distillation Review and Flux prediction in Direct Contact Membrane D...
Membrane Distillation Review and Flux prediction in Direct Contact Membrane D...
DEVELOPMENT OF NEEDLE PUNCHED NONWOVEN FABRIC FROM TEXTILE FIBER WASTES FOR T...
DEVELOPMENT OF NEEDLE PUNCHED NONWOVEN FABRIC FROM TEXTILE FIBER WASTES FOR T...
Large scale dioxin/pesticid source remediation, Niels Ploug, Kruger
Large scale dioxin/pesticid source remediation, Niels Ploug, Kruger
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes ...
ENHANCEMENT OF THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF NANOFLUID FLOWS IN A FLAT SOLAR COLLECTO...
ENHANCEMENT OF THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF NANOFLUID FLOWS IN A FLAT SOLAR COLLECTO...
Chloride corrosion effect on different diameter rebar in marine structures
Chloride corrosion effect on different diameter rebar in marine structures
More from translateds
Water softeninig
This document summarizes different methods of water softening, including ion exchange, distillation, and reverse osmosis. Ion exchange is the most common method, using insoluble resins to exchange calcium and magnesium ions for sodium or hydrogen ions. Distillation heats water to steam to remove contaminants, but requires a lot of energy. Reverse osmosis uses pressure to push water through a semi-permeable membrane, removing most particles. Each method has advantages like removing various contaminants, and disadvantages such as high costs or energy usage. The document recommends choosing a softening system based on one's needs and water hardness.
Thermonuclear bomb hydrogen bomb
The document discusses the history and development of hydrogen bombs. It describes how Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam solved the problem of maintaining high temperatures needed for nuclear fusion. Their Teller-Ulam design uses a fission primary stage to compress and heat a fusion secondary stage, causing a vastly more powerful explosion than atomic bombs. The largest hydrogen bomb ever detonated was the Soviet Union's 1961 "Tsar Bomba" test, which had a yield of 50 megatons. Hydrogen bombs can produce catastrophic effects from blast, heat, and radioactive fallout.
Tauqeer alam
This document discusses solar ponds, which collect and store solar energy more efficiently than normal bodies of water due to salinity gradients. Solar ponds have three distinct zones - an upper convective zone with low salt concentration, a non-convective zone where salt and temperature increase with depth, and a lower convective zone that stores heat. They were first observed in 1902 in Transylvania and have since been built in India, such as in Bhavnagar and Bhuj, to provide process heat and electricity. Solar ponds are a cheap, eco-friendly renewable energy source well-suited for rural areas but do have limitations around efficiency, maintenance needs, and land area requirements.
Single super phosphate
This document summarizes the study of single super phosphate (SSP) and granular single super phosphate (GSSP). It describes the different grades of phosphate rock, forms of super phosphate, and processes for producing SSP and GSSP. SSP is produced by treating rock phosphate with sulfuric acid in a ball mill and mixers. GSSP is produced by granulating SSP and drying the granules. Both SSP and GSSP are economical fertilizers that can increase crop yields by improving soil properties and plant growth. They are commonly used in developing countries and for standing crops.
Sanjay pal
This document discusses various renewable energy sources that can be used to generate electricity, including solar power, wind energy, and tidal energy. It provides details on how each works, such as how solar cells convert sunlight into electricity and how wind turbines convert the energy of wind into electric current. The document also discusses tidal power generation using tidal forces from the moon and sun, and how turbines extract energy from moving fluids. It concludes that renewable energy can improve the environment by scoring high marks across factors like air, water, space, food, and convenience.
Process integration ppt
This document provides an overview of process integration and pinch analysis techniques. It defines process integration as the systematic design of integrated production systems with an emphasis on efficient energy use and reducing environmental impacts. Pinch analysis is introduced as a key technique using thermodynamic principles and graphical representations to design heat exchanger and mass exchange networks. The key concepts of composite curves, surplus and deficit regions, and targeting performance ahead of design are explained. Applications to heat, mass, water, hydrogen, and carbon pinching are covered. Benefits include reduced energy usage, emissions, and costs. Global warming is discussed as a driver for increased focus on energy efficiency in process integration. Limitations of pinch analysis are noted.
Nuclear reactor anupam
This document provides an overview of nuclear reactors, including their classification, main components, the nuclear fission reaction, and different reactor types. It discusses reactors based on neutron energy, coolant used, moderator, and fuel enrichment. The main components of a nuclear reactor are described as the fuel, moderator, coolant, control rods, and shielding. Examples of reactor types are provided and compared such as BWR, PWR, PHWR, GCR, LWGR, and FBR. Current and planned nuclear reactor units in India are also listed.
Naptha cracking
This document discusses naphtha cracking, which is the process of breaking long chain hydrocarbons in naphtha into lighter hydrocarbons. There are three main types of naphtha cracking: hydrocracking uses hydrogen and high pressure, catalytic cracking uses catalysts at 450-550°C, and steam cracking is the most complex using steam at 100-1400K. Steam cracking produces ethylene, propylene, butadiene and other products. Naphtha cracking is important for producing gasoline and solvents from naphtha.
mukesh prajapati
This document discusses the manufacturing process of chocolate. It begins with the objectives of producing chocolate from unsweetened bakers chocolate and learning the chemical processes involved. It then outlines the topics to be covered, including the background of the chocolate industry, manufacturing processes, testing, designing, advantages and disadvantages, and conclusion. The document describes the key ingredients in chocolate, the major manufacturers, cocoa producing regions, characteristics of quality chocolate, and the three phases of manufacturing: raw materials, ingredient preparation, and cocoa nib processing. It explains several chemical processes involved such as fermentation and crystallization.
Leather technology 1
Leather is produced through a process that involves cleaning, tanning, and crusting animal hides. The preparatory stages clean and sterilize the raw hide to remove flesh and blood. Tanning uses chemicals like chromium to stabilize the hide and change its color. Crusting thins and colors the hide through additional chemicals. There are different types of leather depending on the level of processing, and leather has many uses including clothing, furniture, and car interiors. However, the production of leather can impact the environment through air and water pollution from chemicals used in tanning.
Fly ash bricks 195
This document discusses fly ash bricks as an alternative to traditional clay bricks. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in power plants, and large amounts of fly ash are produced annually in India. Fly ash bricks have several advantages over clay bricks - they are lighter, stronger, and more insulative. Various types of fly ash bricks are described, including those made from mixing fly ash with soil or adding lime, gypsum or cement. Fly ash bricks can help utilize a waste product while providing a more sustainable building material.
Water treatment
This document discusses water treatment processes. It describes that water treatment removes contaminants from wastewater through physical, chemical, and biological processes. The objective is to produce a safe fluid and solid waste suitable for disposal or reuse. Sewage can be treated either close to its source in a decentralized system, or collected and transported to a centralized municipal treatment plant. Key processes mentioned include screening, grit removal, primary sedimentation, biological treatment, and disinfection.
radioactive waste
The document discusses radioactive waste management in India. It classifies radioactive waste into low, intermediate, and high-level categories based on radioactivity. The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre's approach focuses on waste minimization and volume reduction. High-level liquid waste is immobilized through vitrification into borosilicate glass for interim storage and eventual deep geological disposal. Practical disposal methods include above-ground storage, geological repositories in deep boreholes, while impractical methods are ocean dumping and space disposal. Managing radioactive waste is complex due to regulatory issues and waste characteristics, though technologies aim to minimize discharges over time.
Surface modification
This document discusses surface modification techniques. It introduces surface modification and lists some of its purposes like enhancing anticorrosive and adhesion properties. It presents a modern classification of surface modification and discusses some technical resources for surface modification like plasma treatment and corona discharge. Plasma treatment can be used for micro cleaning, functionalization, and establishing hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties. Corona discharge modifies surfaces to provide longer lifespan, improve bonding and corrosion resistance. It also lists some commercial corona plasma equipment manufacturers and provides references.
Hydrotreating process
This presentation summarizes the hydrotreating process. Hydrotreating reduces sulfur, nitrogen and aromatics in petroleum feeds using hydrogen. It has various applications including desulfurizing naphtha, kerosene, gas oil and fuel oils. The process involves reacting feeds over catalysts in fixed beds to hydrogenate contaminants like sulfur, nitrogen and olefins. Typical hydrotreating removes these through reactions like desulfurization and denitrogenation. The presentation describes specific hydrotreating processes for distillate desulfurization and kerosene smoke point improvement.
Slurry reactor
This document discusses multiphase reactors, which involve gas, liquid, and solid phases. It covers the construction, classification, examples, design considerations, kinetics, advantages, and applications of these reactors. Specifically, it examines slurry bubble column reactors and slurry stirred tank reactors. It provides examples of industrial processes using multiphase reactors like hydrogenation, polymerization, and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Rate equations are also presented to model reactions in these complex systems.
use of waste plastics for road construction
This document proposes using waste plastics for road construction. It outlines the process, which includes segregating, cleaning, shredding plastic waste into small pieces. The plastic is then mixed with heated aggregates and bitumen to coat the aggregates. The mixture is then used to construct roads. Potential advantages include reducing waste, strengthening roads, and decreasing maintenance costs. Potential disadvantages include toxic chemicals leaching during the cleaning process and noxious gas release during construction.
Rajat tiwari, 2 k14 214, 10.4-10.7-1
The document describes the lube oil manufacturing process. It discusses four key processes: solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, solvent dewaxing, and hydrofinishing. Solvent deasphalting uses propane to extract oils from vacuum residues and produce bright stocks. Solvent extraction commonly uses furfural, NMP, or phenol to remove aromatics from lube oil fractions. Solvent dewaxing uses ketone solvents like MEK to crystallize and remove waxy components. Hydrofinishing catalytically reacts undesirable components like sulfur with hydrogen to improve stability. Process conditions and typical yields are provided for each step.
Plastic processing abhishek 183 (1)
This document discusses various plastic processing techniques. It describes techniques for both thermosets and thermoplastics, including casting, thermoforming, and extrusion molding. Casting involves melting plastic and pouring it into a mold, while thermoforming uses heat and pressure to form plastic sheets. Extrusion molding is a high volume process where plastic is continuously extruded through a die to form parts. The document provides details on the materials, processes, advantages, disadvantages and applications of these different plastic processing techniques.
SOLVENT EXTRATION PROCESSES
This document contains information about two different solvent extraction processes. The first process uses an extractor pressure of 1.5 kgf/cm2 and solvent to feed ratio of 1:1 (vol/vol) to produce a raffinate yield of 58% and extract yield of 41% for an ATF run. The second process uses higher extractor pressure of 8.4 kgf/cm2, temperature of 143°C, and solvent to feed ratio of 4.7:1 (vol/vol) with 92% triethylene glycol and 8% water solvent to produce benzene and toluene product yields of 38% and 14% respectively from the feed.
More from translateds (20)
Recently uploaded
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Pressure Relief valve used in flow line to release the over pressure at our d...
Pressure Relief valve used in flow line to release the over pressure at our desired pressure
Object Oriented Analysis and Design - OOAD
This ppt gives detailed description of Object Oriented Analysis and design.
Accident detection system project report.pdf
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...
Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
Smart Pill Dispenser that boosts medication adherence, empowers patients, enables remote monitoring, enhances safety, reduces healthcare costs, and contributes to data-driven healthcare improvements
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surface
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
Mechatronics material . Mechanical engineering
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems. Mechatronics is an essential foundation for the expected growth in automation and manufacturing.
Mechatronics deals with robotics, control systems, and electro-mechanical systems.
Call For Paper -3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advan...
* Registration is currently open *
Call for Research Papers!!!
Free – Extended Paper will be published as free of cost.
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024)
July 13 ~ 14, 2024, Virtual Conference
Webpage URL: https://aiad2024.org/index
Submission Deadline: June 22, 2024
Submission System URL:
https://aiad2024.org/submission/index.php
Contact Us:
Here's where you can reach us : aiad@aiad2024.org (or) aiadconference@yahoo.com
WikiCFP URL: http://wikicfp.com/cfp/servlet/event.showcfp?eventid=180509©ownerid=171656
#artificialintelligence #softcomputing #machinelearning #technology #datascience #python #deeplearning #tech #robotics #innovation #bigdata #coding #iot #computerscience #data #dataanalytics #engineering #robot #datascientist #software #automation #analytics #ml #pythonprogramming #programmer #digitaltransformation #developer #promptengineering #generativeai #genai #chatgpt #artificial #intelligence #datamining #networkscommunications #robotics #callforsubmission #submissionsopen #deadline #opencall #virtual #conference
一比一原版(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
一比一原版(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Recently uploaded (20)
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
Pressure Relief valve used in flow line to release the over pressure at our d...
Pressure Relief valve used in flow line to release the over pressure at our d...
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
2. protection of river banks and bed erosion protection works.ppt
2. protection of river banks and bed erosion protection works.ppt
Call For Paper -3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advan...
Call For Paper -3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advan...
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
Deeksha membrane distillation
- 1. MEMBRANE DISTILLATION Submitted to- Submitted by- Dr. Brishti Mitra Km. Deeksha Jaiswal H.O.D. Chemical Engineering CSJMA14001390202
- 2. CONTENT • Introduction • History • Principle • Types of membrane distillation • Membrane module, material & characteristics • Heat and mass transfer • Advantages and disadvantages • Application • References 1
- 4. HISTORY • There was first proposal is given in Athens (Greece) for pure water from sea in May 1967 • In 1974 scientist Rodgers presented a method of desalination • In India it is still on research in B.A.R.C 3
- 5. PRINCIPLE 4
- 6. TYPES OF MEMBRANE DISTILLATION 5
- 7. MEMBRANE MODULE Flat sheet membrane Hollow fiber Membrane 6
- 8. MEMBRANE MATERIAL S.No Name Of Material 1 POLY TETRA - FLUROETHYLEN E 2 POLYPROYLENE 3 POLYVINYLIDEN -EFLURIDE SURFACE TENSION (Dynes/cm) CONTACT ANGLE (Degree) 19 123 29 100 25 111 7
- 9. HEAT & MASS TRANSFER IN M.D • Heat transfer through feed side boundary layer Qf = hf(Tf – T1) • Heat transfer through the membrane Qm = hm(T1 – T2)+Jw*∆Hv • Heat transfer through the permeate side Qp = hp(T2 – Tp) MEMBRANEHot fluid Cold permeate 8 Tf T1 T2 Tp
- 10. MASS TRANSFER Hot fluid Cold permeate 9 By Stephan’s law Jv = K∆Pv Jv = vapor flux across the membrane K = permeability of membrane ∆Pv = (PT1 - PT2) vapor pressure difference MEMBRANE PT1 PT2
- 11. • The membrane permeability K can be calculated by K = k = partition coefficient of membrane D = diffusion coefficient ∆x = thickness of membrane • PT1 and PT2 can be calculated by Antoine equation – log10 P = A – B/C + T where p is the vapor pressure, T is temperature A,B and C are constants 11 ∆xkD/
- 12. • Advantages Membrane distillation has high rejection factor of waste It has low energy cost • Disadvantages Membrane distillation gives low permeate flux 11
- 13. APPLICATION • Water purification • Food industry 12
- 14. CONCLUSION • Membrane distillation is known since 1970 and is still being developed at laboratory stage for different purposes and not fully execution in industry • It has advantages like lower operating pressure and temperature but its time taking process can not be neglected 13
- 15. REFERENCES • Sina Zereshki (2012), Membrane Distillation:principle, application and future aspects, Distillation- Advances from modelling to application, 232-257 • http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/membrane- distillation • Separatioprocesses.com/membrane-distillation • blog.innovation4e.de.en/2016/10/14iinovative- methods-for-water-treatment • http:/advanceseseng.com/chemical- engineering/desalination-across-membrane- distillation 14
- 16. THANK YOU 15