This presentation provides an overview of pervaporation. Pervaporation involves the partial vaporization of a liquid mixture through a nonporous membrane, driven by a concentration gradient. The membrane retains one component more strongly than the other, allowing separation. Common applications include dehydrating ethanol/water mixtures and removing organic solvents from wastewater. The presentation discusses the basic process, membrane types including organic and inorganic options, design of pervaporation modules, and mathematical models. Typical industrial uses aim to concentrate flavors or break azeotropes in distillation.
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
These slides use concepts (e.g., scaling) from my (Jeff Funk) course entitled analyzing hi-tech opportunities to analyze how membranes have and are becoming more economically feasible for one application, pervaporation. The economic feasibility of pervaporation is improved as temperatures and pressures of the systems are increased, which are facilitated by larger scale, and as the membranes are improved. Membranes become cheaper as they are made thinner (example of scaling) and they become better as the pore size is made both smaller and is designed for allowing specific molecules to pass through the pores.
Fluidized Bed Reactor - Basic Mechanism, Mass Transfer in Fluidized Beds, Reaction Behaviour in a Fluidized Bed, Mole Balance on the Bubble, the Cloud, and the Emulsion, Advantages & Disadvantages, Current Applications of FBR.
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Membrane separation consists of different process operating on a variety of physical
principles and applicable to a wide range of separations of miscible components
These methods yield only a more concentrated liquid stream than feed. Membrane
separation processes have several advantages. These include :
Low energy alternative to evaporation in concentrating a dilute feed, particularly when the desired material is thermally labile or when the desired component is a clear liquid
The chemical and mechanical stresses on the product are minimal and since no phase change is involve the energy requirement is modest
Product concentration and purification can be achieved in a single step and the
selectivity towards the desired product is good
The method can easily be scaled up
In bioprocess industry, membrane separation is widely used because of the mild operating conditions and low energy requirements in the recovery of lactose from whey, separation of immiscible components such extracellular products (
e.g. proteins, enzymes etc) and biomass.
Membrane separation process cannot be used for feeds containing a high concentration of low molecular weight components because of high osmotic pressure or when the feed has high solid content(>25% w/v) because of pumping problems
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Fluidized Bed Reactor - Basic Mechanism, Mass Transfer in Fluidized Beds, Reaction Behaviour in a Fluidized Bed, Mole Balance on the Bubble, the Cloud, and the Emulsion, Advantages & Disadvantages, Current Applications of FBR.
Episode 65 : Membrane separation processes
Membrane separation consists of different process operating on a variety of physical
principles and applicable to a wide range of separations of miscible components
These methods yield only a more concentrated liquid stream than feed. Membrane
separation processes have several advantages. These include :
Low energy alternative to evaporation in concentrating a dilute feed, particularly when the desired material is thermally labile or when the desired component is a clear liquid
The chemical and mechanical stresses on the product are minimal and since no phase change is involve the energy requirement is modest
Product concentration and purification can be achieved in a single step and the
selectivity towards the desired product is good
The method can easily be scaled up
In bioprocess industry, membrane separation is widely used because of the mild operating conditions and low energy requirements in the recovery of lactose from whey, separation of immiscible components such extracellular products (
e.g. proteins, enzymes etc) and biomass.
Membrane separation process cannot be used for feeds containing a high concentration of low molecular weight components because of high osmotic pressure or when the feed has high solid content(>25% w/v) because of pumping problems
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
This is for actual presentation for Membrane Separation Process. I hope I guided you better from skills. So keep learn about this slide. You basics already cleared from this presentations after reading. Many more things on this subject in Chemical Engineering. I will discuss with you about that remaining part. So Thank You.
Distillation is the most important separation technology in the chemical process industry. More than 90% of separations are based on distillation.
Hybrid systems offer an interesting alternative in some difficult separations for distillation with either large number of theoretical trays; large heat loads or both.
Hybrid processes in separation operations are characterized by the combination of two unit operations.
Each unit operation itself is considered to be a separation process, but the combination generates special advantages.
Membrane based water purification technology(ultra filteration,dialysis and e...Sanjeev Singh
This is made by keeping in mind needy students who want to know water purification technology.This slide contain brief description about membrane,ultra filtration,dialysis,electro dialysis.For further topic check my updates regularly....... .At last i would like to thanks those students who downloaded this slide.
Microencapsulation in Novel Drug Delivery Systemvedanshu malviya
Microencapsulation is a process in which tiny particles or droplets are surrounded by a coating to give small capsules, with useful properties. In general, it is used to incorporate food ingredients, enzymes, cells or other materials on a micro metric scale.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. INDEX
• HOW IT IS DONE?
• DESIGN
• MEMBRANES USED
• MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE
• TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
• POSTER
• REFERENCES
3. HOW IT IS DONE??
• Separation of liquid mixtures by partial vaporization through a membrane
(nonporous) is the separation principle in pervaporation.
• The driving force for pervaporation process is the difference in chemical
potential, corresponding to the concentration gradient between phases on
the opposite sides of the interfacial barrier.
• The separation feature is based on affinity with membrane materials and
hence the molecule having higher affinity is adsorbed and diffuses
through the membrane while the membrane retains molecules having low
affinity.
5. DESIGN
• A composite membrane is used that is selective for species A, but with some
finite permeability for species B. The dense, thin-film side of the membrane is
in contact with the liquid side. The retentate is enriched in species B.
Generally, a sweep fluid is not used on the other side of the membrane, but a
pressure P2, which may be a vacuum, is held at or below the dew point of the
permeate, making it vapour. Vaporization may occur near the downstream
face such that the membrane operates with two zones, a liquid-phase zone
and a vapour-phase zone, as shown in Figure. Alternatively, the vapour phase
may exist only on the permeate side of the membrane. The vapour permeate
is enriched in species A.
• Commercial membrane modules for PV are almost exclusively of the plate-
and-frame type because of the ease of using gasketing materials that are
resistant to organic solvents and the ease of providing heat exchange for
vaporization and high-temperature operation.
• Hollow-fiber modules are used for removal of VOCs from wastewater. Because
feeds are generally clean and operation is at low pressure, membrane fouling
and damage is minimal, resulting in a useful membrane life of 2–4 years
7. MEMBRANES USED
• Hydrophilic membranes are used for dehydration of alcohols containing
small amounts of water and hydrophobic membranes are used for
removal/recovery of trace amounts of organics from aqueous solutions.
• Presently there have been a number of investigators concerning R&D of
the hydrophilic membrane, which can be cataloged into organic, inorganic,
and organic-inorganic hybrid membranes. Organic-inorganic hybrid
membranes showed improved performance of pervaporative dehydration
of solution, with better flux and retention.
• Commercially available hydrophilic membranes are made of polymeric
membrane materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyimides,
polymaleimides, Nafion, and polyacrylonitrile (PAN).
• One of the most applied polymeric materials for organic separation is
polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PDMS exhibits high selectivity and
permeability towards organic substances because of the flexible structure.
9. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
• Solvent Dehydration: dehydrating the ethanol/water and
isopropanol/water azeotropes.
• Continuous ethanol removal from yeast fermenters.
• Continuous water removal from condensation reactions such
as esterification to enhance conversion and rate of the reaction.
• Removing organic solvents from industrial waste waters.
• Combination of distillation and pervaporation/vapour permeation.
• Concentration of hydrophobic flavour compounds in aqueous solutions
(using hydrophobic membranes).
• Reduction of the aromatics content in refinery streams.
• Breaking of azeotropes.
• Purification of extraction media.
