The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
Definition of Open pit Mining Parameters, Open pit Mining method, Bench, Open Pit Bench Terminology; Bench height; Cutoff grade; Open Pit Stability, Pit slope, Pit wall stability, Rock strength, Pit Depth, Pit diameter, Water Damage, Strip Ratio, Open-pit mining sequence, Various open-pit and orebody configurations; Ultimate Pit Definition, Manual Design, Computer Methods, Lerchs-Grossman method, Floating cone method; Open pit Optimization, The management of pit optimization, A simple example; The effects of scheduling on the optimal outline ; Optimum production scheduling; Materials handling Ex-Mine; Waste disposal; Dump design; Stability of mine waste dumps; Mine reclamation; Example of Open Pit Mining Methods
subsidence, upsidence, subsidence limits, components of subsidence, prediction of subsidence, analysis of subsidence, coal mines, control of subsidence, subsidence trough, harmonic extraction, abandoned mines subsidence prevention, subsidence prevention in working coal mines, factors affecting subsidence
Longwall machinery and equipment with a detailed case study of the equipment used at Jhanjra Longwall in India.
By Pratyush Ranjan Nath
B.Tech Mining
NIT Rourkela
Its a presentation about the design aspect of open cast mine. The author believes it will surely help the mining engineering students at the beginning level.
The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
Definition of Open pit Mining Parameters, Open pit Mining method, Bench, Open Pit Bench Terminology; Bench height; Cutoff grade; Open Pit Stability, Pit slope, Pit wall stability, Rock strength, Pit Depth, Pit diameter, Water Damage, Strip Ratio, Open-pit mining sequence, Various open-pit and orebody configurations; Ultimate Pit Definition, Manual Design, Computer Methods, Lerchs-Grossman method, Floating cone method; Open pit Optimization, The management of pit optimization, A simple example; The effects of scheduling on the optimal outline ; Optimum production scheduling; Materials handling Ex-Mine; Waste disposal; Dump design; Stability of mine waste dumps; Mine reclamation; Example of Open Pit Mining Methods
subsidence, upsidence, subsidence limits, components of subsidence, prediction of subsidence, analysis of subsidence, coal mines, control of subsidence, subsidence trough, harmonic extraction, abandoned mines subsidence prevention, subsidence prevention in working coal mines, factors affecting subsidence
Longwall machinery and equipment with a detailed case study of the equipment used at Jhanjra Longwall in India.
By Pratyush Ranjan Nath
B.Tech Mining
NIT Rourkela
Its a presentation about the design aspect of open cast mine. The author believes it will surely help the mining engineering students at the beginning level.
The secondary mining technology for extracting the remaining coal from the open pit mining methods.
Cited as:
Boeut, S., & Loawattanabandit, P. " Design of Auger Highwall Mining: A case study at Mae Tan Coal Mine, Thailand", in Proc. ASEAN++2016 Towards Geo-resources Education in ASEAN Economic Community, 2016, pp. 304-321.
Attock Cement Pvt. Ltd Internship report.
VISION:
To be the leading organization continuously providing high quality cement, excelling in every aspect of its business and to remain market leader in cement industry.
Jamalganj Coal field is the largest underground coal deposit placed in Jaypurhat district. I tried to include some information about the coal field. I made the slide for my course presentation purpose.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
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However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
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Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
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The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
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Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
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Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
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UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
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1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
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What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
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The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
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How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
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20240609 QFM020 Irresponsible AI Reading List May 2024
Conversion of UG to OC
1. CONVERSION OF UNDERGROUND
TO OPENCAST
Presented by
E SUNIL 13671A2509
P AVINASH 13671A2530
ABDUL MUJEEB 13671A2546
2. Scope
Why we have to convert UG to OC?
1.Ungerground mines are uneconomical
2.In olden days, Due to lack of sufficient
technology in UG mines for the extraction of
mineral
3.Due to occurence of many GEOLOGICAL
discontinuities in UG
4.OC mines are more safer than the UG mines in
point of ACCIDENTS
3. Introduction
The coal production of country in the financial year 2015-16 is
around 538.75 Mt. The share of opencast mines is more than 70%.
Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) is the main source for
supply of coal to the southern region. The company produced 60.38
million tonnes of coal during 2015-16 as against 52.54 million tonnes
during the corresponding period last year
Opencast mines are shrinking day by day due to exhaustion of virgin
coal. Extraction of coal by Underground mining is very
uneconomical.
In future there will not be any virgin coal seam for opencast mining
and only alternative for coal production will be by open casting of
developed pillars of underground mines.
There are nearly 3 to 3.5 BT of coal reserves in standing pillars in
the country and future of mining engineers will be very- very
challenging.
4. Favourable Conditions
Keeping in view the disturbed geo-mining conditions,
opencast method of extraction is safe compared to
underground manual method.
The coal seams are occurring at a relatively shallow
depth of 30mts.
The deposit should be close to the surface. Formerly
a depth of up to 90 m was considered to be the
limiting depth in India.
But with the advance of technology now opencast
mining of coal is considered feasible up to about 300
m depth.
The ratio of overburden to coal should be less. A ratio
of 4: 1 is considered desirable but in some situations
opencast mining up to a ratio of 6: 1 is also
considered economic.
The topography should be as level as possible.
The coal seam should be of uniform thickness and
preferably flat.
A mild climatic condition is generally favoured
6. Role of SURVEY in Conversion
The U/G workings to be quarried shall be isolated by explosion
proof stoppings.
Before intended to close the U/G mine for conversion to O/C, a
detailed off set survey has to be conducted by using latest survey
equipment's like Total Station etc.
The U/G mine Manager should give detailed plan of underground
workings with flawless to O/C mine Manager.
Cleaning of all coal dust and thick stone dusting before
commencement of extraction of pillars
Retaining of key personnel of U/G mine, like Surveyor, Overmen
and Officers for safe and effective operation of O/C mine.
After completion of all legal and statutory formalities, the mine is
developed as per the permission conditions of DGMS. For safe and
systematic excavation, the mine is divided into four zones viz.
I. SAFE ZONE - White Flags
II. CRITICAL ZONE - Yellow Flags
III. DANGER ZONE - Red Flags
IV. COMPACTED ZONE - Green Flags
7.
8. Marking Over Galleries
1.The division of mine area into zones will be done
by survey department by referring to old u/g plans.
2.When the critical zone is reached galleries are
marked by placing placards at the junctions.
3.If it is a danger zone the galleries have to be
compacted by drilling and dozing.
9. CONVERSION PROCESS
Compaction of galleries a critical activity of the U/G
underground converted opencast mine.
A. Drilling
B. Blasting
10. Role of Drilling & Blasting
(A)Drilling pattern for combined blasting when galleries
are developed in single section
(B)Drilling pattern for combined blasting when galleries
are developed in two sections with superimposed galleries
(C) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when the
galleries are developed in two sections and parting
between two sections is more than 6 mtrs
(D) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when the
galleries are developed in two sections and both the
sections are not superimposed (i.e. staggered )
(E) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when the
galleries are developed in two sections with parting more
than 6m, in the intention to reduce the number of holes
for making charging and blasting comfortable on the
same day
11. (A)Drilling pattern for combined blasting when
galleries are developed in single section
TOP VIEW
SECTION
VIEW
12. (B)Drilling pattern for combined blasting when
galleries are developed in two sections with
superimposed galleries
TOP VIEW
SECTION
VIEW
13. (C) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when
the galleries are developed in two sections and
parting between two sections is more than 6
mtrs
COMPACTING ONLY TOP SECTION GALLERIES
COMPACTING BOTTOM
SECTION GALLERIES IN
COAL AFTER EXPOSURE
14. (D) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when
the galleries are developed in two sections and
both the sections are not superimposed (i.e.
staggered )
15. (E) Drilling pattern for combined blasting when
the galleries are developed in two sections with
parting more than 6m, in the intention to
reduce the number of holes for making charging
and blasting comfortable on the same day
16. CHARGING & BLASTING
OPERATION
After completion of drilling, Blasting In-
charge shall inspect the area and shall make
estimation of explosives required on the
basis of depth of holes.
As per DGMS circular no slurry or emulsion
explosives shall be used in fiery holes and
we can’t avoid fire in holes drilled for
combined blasting purpose. Hence,
Temperature of the holes shall be measured
with Infrared based thermometer and if it
exceeds 80C, the charging shall be stopped.
18. About GKOCP
1. Mineable Reserves : 71.01 M.T.
2. Area of extraction : 410 Ha.
3. Maximum depth of the quarry : 240m.
4. Gradient : 1 in 10 to 1 in 5
5. No. of coal seams : Three (Top, Middle & Bottom)
6. Total Over Burden to be removed : 391.30 M.cu.m.
7. Average stripping Ratio : 1 : 5.51
8. Annual targeted coal production : 2.00 M.T. to 2.5 M.T
9. Annual Over Burden removal : 11.72 M.cu.m.
10. Life of the project : 41 years
11. Total capital investment : Rs. 158.94 Cr. As per RCE 2001.
12. Date of starting the mine : 17.09.1993.
13. Man power planned at mine level : 922.
14. Quality of coal : ‘E’ grade
15. Technology adopted : Shovel Dumper combination
19. Production Details
I. Total OB quantity to be excavated : 391.30M.cu.m.
II. Extracted up to 30-11-2016 : 251.37M.cu.m.
III. Balance quantity to be extracted : 139.93M.cu.m.
IV. Total coal reserves : 71.0MT
V. Extracted up to 30-11-2016 : 49.71MT
VI. Balance coal to be extracted : 21.29MT
VII. 2016-17 Coal target : 22.5LT
VIII. Achieved upto 30-11-2016 : 17.85LT
IX. 2016-17 OB target : 52.00 + 122.05 (Dept + Off-loading)
X. Achieved upto 30-11-2016 : 21.45 + 115.42
20. Geology
Gouthamkhani Area has three coal seams viz., Top seam, Middle seam and
Bottom seam Out of these three seams, Bottom and Middle seams are
workable coal horizons. Top seam has restricted occurrence in the centre
of main block.
The property is of basinal in structure and sloping from three sides. The
maximum gradient is 1in5 and the average gradient is 1in10. The seam
thickness as well as the parting between seams varies within a wide range
as shown in table given below.
seam
Thickness of seams (in mtrs.) Thickness of partition (in mtrs.)
From To From To
Top seam 3.20 11.80
10.00 23.00
Middle seam 1.80 11.40
4.30 44.50
Bottom seam 2.40 29.0
21. Machinery
The mine working under SHOVEL-DUMPER
combination method and The mine having,
1.ROPE SHOVEL-1(10cum)
2.HYDRAULIC SHOVELS-7(6.5cum)
3.DUMPERS:-100t-7,60t-7,35t-23
23. Precautions
After proper compaction of the area, again
gallery and junction shall be marked with stone
dust and with `White` flags
The blasted galleries shall not be kept exposed
unnecessarily.
24. Conclusion
To avoid collapsing of under ground galleries
and bogging down of men and machinery,
effective compaction of galleries will be done
to extract coal from standing pillars by
opencast method. Surveying is very-very
important in U/G turned O/C mine. The plan
submitted by the U/G mine manager should be
very handy and informative. Surveying should
be conducted with latest instrument like, Total
Station etc.