Its a presentation about the design aspect of open cast mine. The author believes it will surely help the mining engineering students at the beginning level.
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
In mining operations, blasting has become a routine work. With proper understanding of the rocks and blasting methods, the mining work can be done effectively. This module explains the rock blasting methods adopted in mining industries.
The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
rock excavation, different open cast or open pit excavation machinery, application, limitations, highwall miner, bucket wheel excavatorr, bucket chain excavator, shovels
In mining operations, blasting has become a routine work. With proper understanding of the rocks and blasting methods, the mining work can be done effectively. This module explains the rock blasting methods adopted in mining industries.
The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
rock excavation, different open cast or open pit excavation machinery, application, limitations, highwall miner, bucket wheel excavatorr, bucket chain excavator, shovels
New burn cut blast design in drives enhances drilling blasting efficiency wit...partha sharma
A new Burn-Cut blast pattern has been designed for drives, declines and ramps in underground metal mines, to replace a design (of Decked-Burn with more number of holes), which was giving number of blast failures, such as ‘Under_Blast’ - difficult to handle. The new Burn-cut design contains less number of blast-holes and Reamer than earlier Decked-Burn-cut. Decked system has been removed to make the charging operation easier. This enables to increase explosives energy in a hole and to reduce stemming length in order to eliminate above blast failures. Moreover, requirement of Detonators is reduced, as Decked system has been abolished. Total explosives quantity has been reduced marginally. Thus, drilling efficiency and cost effectiveness has been achieved. Entire process has been done by changing the original pattern / system in three phases.
Assessment of powder factor in surface bench blasting using schmidt rebound n...eSAT Journals
Abstract Rock mass characterisation helps in selection and optimum usage of explosive in bench blasting. There are various methods to characterize the rock mass but use of Schmidt hammer in rock characterization before blasting may be a good option. Schmidt hammer, since its simplicity and capability of instant data production, has so far been a powerful tool utilized by many researchers to predict compressive strength of rocks. In this light the present study was conducted in opencast coal mines to see the effect of Schmidt hammer rebound number or transformed compressive strength of rocks on powder factor. The correlation was found sufficiently reliable to enable the determination of optimum powder factor for surface bench blast in different rock types maintaining the required blasting results in terms of fragmentation. Keywords: Powder factor, Schmidt hammer, Rebound number, Rock mass, Overburden bench
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Rock excavability, drill & blast, marine & haulageDavid H Moloney
Infographics showing methods for excavation of Rock and its excavability.
Included is the dredging of rock in a marine situation by drilling and blasting.
Also are the loading and haulage outputs.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a button
Blast design in opencast mining
1. BLAST DESIGN IN
OPENCAST MINES
Presented by
Gopal Karmakar
(Id- 511214015 )
and Jagat kumar
(Id- 511214014)
Mining Engineering
IIEST Shibpur
2. Outline
• Introduction
• Drilling
• Explosive used in opencast mine
• Types of variables in blast design
• Blasting patterns used in Indian
opencast mines
• Concept of optimum blasting
• Conclusion
3. Introduction
• Drilling and blasting is the major
unit operation.
• Basic objective should be
optimum fragmentation.
• Blasting should be modified as
per geologic condition.
• Drilling and blasting cost can be
as high as 25-30%.
4. Drilling
• Process of making hole by means of
hammering or rotary effect.
• Mechanism of drilling
5. Drilling
• Major types – percussive(63-150 mm and
120-219 mm) and rotary drill(90-165 mm).
• Under percussive – top hammer
drilling(22-250 mm) and DTH drilling(100-
200 mm).
• Jack hammer(32-38 mm) and wagon
drill(above 50 mm).
• Drill bits- Roller bits, drag bits, Button bits.
6. Explosive
Explosive Composition Velocity of
detonation
Slurry Explosive Prilled ammonium
nitrate -65%
TNT- 20%
Water- 15%
5500m/s
Emulsion Micro drop-lets of
supersaturated,
oxidizer salt solutions,
dispensed in a
continued medium of
carbonaceous fuel(oil)
Very high around
7000m/s
ANFO Ammonium nitrate -
94%
Fuel oil – 6%
3000m/s
7. Blasting
There are two types of variables in
blasting design
1. Uncontrollable variables- geology,
rock characteristics and local
specifications
2. Controllable variables- Burden and
spacing, Hole diameter, hole depth,
Number of holes in the blast, Sub-
grade drilling, Stemming distance,
Stemming material, Powder factor
8. Blasting parameters
Burden- the shortest distance between
two holes perpendicular to the face. It
should be adequate. In practice,
burden = ½ to 1/3 of bench height.
Spacing- distance between two
consecutive holes in a row parallel to
face. It should be adequate. In
practice, spacing = 1.0 to 1.5 of
burden.
9. Blasting parameters
Stemming distance – 0.7 to 1.0 of
burden is adequate. To much could
lead to excessive vibration and poor
fragmentation.
Sub-grade drilling – blast holes may
not break to full depth, especially
when blasting takes place in dense
rock. In practice, sub-grade drilling =
0.2 to 0.5 of burden.
10. Blasting parameters
Bench height – for determining bench
height stiffness ratio should be followed
stiffness ratio(bench height to burden)
must be between 2.5 to 4.
Decking – the technique of decking is to
divide the explosive column into two or
more charges using inert materials. It
confines explosive gases to assure
better energy distribution for soft seam.
Minimum deck thickness= 6 times of hole
diameter.
11. Blasting parameters
Powder factor – powder factor is the
amount of explosive in kg required to
achieve 1 ton mineral.
amount of rock per hole, V= B*S*H
Where , B= burden
S= spacing
H= height of bench
and V = volume of rock (Cum)
12. Blasting parameters
Explosive consumption - The amount of
explosive required to break the rock into
an average size is called blasting
consumption. Explosive consumption
depends on rock strength and geology,
kind of explosive, size of hole, delay
system, initiation system, product size,
available free face etc.
Energy factor – energy factor describes
the energy distribution within a given
units of rock. Proper energy distribution
is important in obtaining desired
fragmentation also to avoid toe
formation.
13. Blasting patterns followed in
opencast mine
There are two types of blasting patterns
followed in opencast mine –
Single Row blasting pattern.
Multi-row blasting pattern.
Generally multi- row blasting patterns
are followed for better fragmentation
and less explosive consumption.
15. Optimum blast design
concept
It is a holistic approach by identifying and
measuring costs involved in different process to
maximize the overall profit. The concept
developed by Mackenzie describes the total
blasting cost as:
Ct= Cd + Cb + Cl + Ch+ Cc/P
Where,
Ct = Total blasting cost per tonne of finish product,
Cd = Cost of Drilling,
Cb = Cost of blasting,
Ch = Cost of hauling,
Cc = Cost of Crushing,
Cl= Cost of loading.
P = Total tonnage of production.
16. Conclusion
Explosive energy must be evenly
distributed to achieved uniform
fragmentation. This requires proper hole
diameter to bench height relationship,
appropriate S/B ratio and careful design.
Explosive energy must be confined long
enough after detonation for better
fragmentation. This requires accurate
delays, proper stemming and stemming
material, holes must be loaded according
to geology.