This document provides an overview of conjunctivitis, including: - Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva characterized by redness of the eye caused by dilated blood vessels. - It can be classified as infective (caused by bacteria/viruses) or allergic. Common types of infective conjunctivitis include acute mucopurulent, purulent, and chronic types. Common allergic types include vernal and giant papillary conjunctivitis. - Diagnosis involves examining the history, clinical features like discharge type, and potentially laboratory tests to identify the cause. - Several specific types of conjunctivitis are described like acute muc

1. CONJUNCTIVITIS
Presented By,
Optom. Saharukh Alam
(D Optometry; B Optometry)
Designed By
Saharukh Alam

2. Definition of Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation
of conjunctiva characterized by
cellular infiltration and exudation.
The inflammation of conjunctiva
cause the eye’s blood vessels to
dilate and causes REDDISH EYE.

3. Classification of Conjunctivitis:-
Conjunctivitis can be classified as infective and allergic.
Infective Conjunctivitis Allergic
Conjunctivitis
1. Acute:- 1. Simple Allergic
i. Serous ii. Mucopurulent 2. Phlyctenular
iii. Purulent iv. Membranous 3. Vernal
2. Chronic:- 4. Giant Papillary
i. Simple Chronic ii. Angular
iii. Follicular iv. Trachoma
v. Tuberculosis vi. Syphilis

4. How to diagnose a patient with Conjunctivitis?
It is based on---- History, Clinical Exam, Laboratory Investigation.
1. History:- i. Unilateral or Bilateral
ii. Exposure of Toxins. Etc
2. Clinical Feature:-
i. Type of Discharge.
ii. Conjunctival Reaction.
iii. Preauricular Limphadenopathy.
3. Laboratory Investigation:-
i. To identify the pathogens.
ii. To differentiate viral from chalmydial infection.
iii. To find out etiological diagnosis.

5. Hyperemia of Conjunctiva:-
It is the passive dilatation of conjunctival blood
vessels.
Etiology:-
i. Conjunctival Irritation by smoke, dust, fumes
ii. Exposure to wind and sun.
Symptoms:-
i. Foreign Body Sensation.
Signs:-
i. Only Redness.
Treatment:-
i. No Treatment is necessary.
ii. Uses of decongestant drops--- Nephazoline etc.

6. Acute Mucopurulent Conjunctivitis
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It is a common type of acute inflammation,
characterized by hyperemia and mucopurulent
discharge.
Etiology:- i. Causative Organism: Staphylococcus aureus
Pneumococcus, Streptococcus.
Symptoms:- i. Redness. ii. Mucopurulent Discharge.
iii. Foreign Body Sensation, iv. Photophobia.
Signs:- i. Lid Edema. ii. Madarosis, iii. Congestion.
Treatment:- i. Eye Wash with saline. ii. Antibiotic like
Moxifloxacin, Gatifloxacin etc. iii. Eye Oint. like Tetracycline.

7. Purulent Conjunctivitis
It is acute conjunctivitis with purulent discharge mainly
caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Clinical Features:- i. Swelling of Lid.
ii. Copious Purulent Discharge.
iii. Conjunctival Chemosis.
iv. It is also present in child at 1-3 days of birth.
Treatment:- i. Irrigation with warm saline.
ii. Antibiotic like Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin used.
iii. Eye Ointment like Tetracycline.
iv. In Child, Penicillin Drop, Ciprofloxacin Drop and always use
Crede’s Prophylaxis.

8. Vernal Conjunctivitis
It is a bilateral,seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in child
caused by exogenous allergens.
Etiology:- i. Age: 5-14 yrs. ii. External Allergy like dust.
iii. Family History
Symptoms:- i. Itching. ii. Ropy Discharge. iii. Photophobia
Signs:- i. Papillae colour is bluish-white.
ii. Horner Trantas Dots present
Treatment:- i. Cold Compress should be used.
ii. Topical steroid like dexamethasone,
prednisolone used.
iii. Topical Antihistamine like azelastine used.
iv. Use NSAID drug like ketorolac etc.
v. Used Acetylcysteine drop for prevent the
mucus production.

9. Pterygium
It is a degenerative condition of sub conjunctival tissue
which proliferate as a triangular mass to invade the
cornea.
Etiology:- i. UV Irradiation, ii. Exposure to hot, sun.
Stages:- i. Prograssive, ii. Atrophic.
Parts:- i.Apex, ii.Neck, iii.Body, iv.Cap.
Symptoms:- i. Appearance of mass. ii. Dimness of vision.
Signs:- Dimness of vision when pterygium in pupil.
Treatment:- i. In atrophic phase, follow up.
ii. In Progressive phase, excision of pterygium.

10. Subconjunctival Haemorrhage
Rupture of conjunctival blood vessels causes
Subconjunctival Haemorrage.
Etiology:- i.Trauma;
ii.Infection (Pneumococcus);
iii. Mechanical Trauma like coughing,
sneezing.
Treatment:- i. No require treatment in most casees.
ii. Cold compress is helpful.

11. Thank You
All The Best
Designed By
Saharukh Alam