A conical horn antenna is shaped like a cone and used with cylindrical waveguides. It has a circular cross-section and can direct radio waves into a beam. Conical horn antennas typically have a gain between 10-20 dBi and a usable bandwidth of around 10:1, allowing them to operate over a wide range of frequencies. They are commonly used at UHF and microwave frequencies above 300 MHz for applications like radar guns, antenna calibration, and microwave radiometers.

1. Conical horn
antenna
ANTENNA AND PROPAGATION
BY MAFATIKHUL ILMI

2. Introduction
A horn antenna or microwave horn is an antenna that
consists of a flaring metal waveguide shaped like
a horn to direct radio waves in a beam.

3. Typical horn antenna

4. Conical horn
A horn in the shape of a cone, with a circular cross
section. They are used with cylindrical waveguides.

5. Geometry of conical horn

6. characteristic
1. The gain of horn antennas ranges up to 25 dBi,
with 10 - 20 dBi being typical.
2. The usable bandwidth of horn antennas is
typically of the order of 10:1, and can be up to
20:1 (for example allowing it to operate from
1 GHz to 20 GHz)
3. Horns are widely used as antennas
at UHF and microwave frequencies, above
300 MHz.

7. Directivity of a
conical horn as a
function of aperture
diameter and for
different axial horn
lengths.

8. Simulation
impedansi input untuk setiap perubahan
sudut flare dan εr=3.0.
Simulasi VSWR untuk perubahan sudut flare
dan εr=3.0

9. radiation Pattern

10. conical design
𝑑 𝑚 = 2. 𝑎 ≃ 3𝜆𝑙
𝜆 =
𝑐
𝑓
𝐿 𝑠 ≃ 0.8 − 1.71𝑠 + 26.25𝑠2 − 17.79𝑠3
𝑠 =
𝑑 𝑚
2
8𝜆𝑙

11. Conical implementation
conical scanning
Horn reflector
1.Radar guns,
2.as standard calibration antennas to
measure the gain of other antennas
3.microwave radiometres.

12. Reference
[1] C. A. Balanis, “Antenns Theory : Analysis And Design,” Third Edition, 739 – 785,
2005.
[2] Carlos del Río Bocio, “High performance horn antenna design (II)”.
[3] George S. Kliros, “Simulated Performance of Conical Antennas Using Matlab-
Based Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Code”
[4] Mr.A.B.Crawford, Horn Antena (Horn Antena Reflector), [online],
(http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/butowsky5/astro4k.htm, diakses
tanggal 19 Mei 2014)
[5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conical_scanning, diakses tanggal 19 Mei 2014.