This document describes different types of antennas used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. It discusses transmitter and receiver antennas. Specific antenna types covered include Yagi-Uda antennas, log-periodic antennas, helix antennas, parabolic antennas, loop antennas, and antenna arrays. Each antenna type has distinct characteristics that make it suitable for different frequency ranges and applications.

2. CONTENTS
 WHAT IS ANTENNA
 TRANSMITTER ANTENNA
 RECEIVER ANTENNA
 YAGI-UDA ANTENNA
 LOG – PERIODIC ANTENNA
 HELIX ANTENNA
 PARABOLIC ANTENNA
 LOOP ANTENNA
 ANTENNA ARRARY

3. ANTENNA
 An antenna is an electrical device which converts
electric energy into radio waves, and vice versa. It is
usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver.
 An antenna is a device for sending or receiving
electromagnetic waves.

4. TRANSMITTER ANTENNA
A device that converts
sound, light, or electrical
signals into radio,
microwave, or other
electrical signals .

5. RECIVER ANTENNA
An antenna used to convert
electromagnetic waves in to
electrical energy.

6. TYPES OF ANTENNA
 YAGI – UDA ANTENNA
 LOG – PERIODIC ANTENNA
 HELIX ANTENNA
 PARABOLIC ANTENNA
 LOOP ANTENNA

7. YAGI – UDA ANTENNA
 Yagi-Uda antenna consist of reflector, director and
driven element.
 It is unidirectional antenna.
 Frequency range – 300MHz-3GHz

8. Seven element Yagi – Uda

9. Yagi – Uda advantage
 High gain and good front to back ratio.
 It has narrow bandwidth.
 It is fixed frequency device.
 Grater directivity due to director and reflector.

10. Log - periodic antenna
 A unidirectional antenna in which the length and
spacing of the elements increase logarithmically from
one end to the other.
 It is frequency-independent antenna.
 Frequency range – VHF and UHF band.

11. Log – Periodic Antenna

12. Advantages
 It is broadband antenna.
 It is unidirectional antenna.
 It is frequency independent antenna.

13. HELIX ANTENNA
 A conducting wire in the form of screw thread fed by
power source.
 The feed line is connected between the bottom of the
helix and the ground plane.
 Helix antenna is Omni directional.
 Frequency range – VHF and UHF band.

14. Helix Antenna

15. Application
 Satellite communication.
 Space communication & space probes.
 For telemetry applications.

16. PARABOLIC REFLECTOR
ANTENNA
 This is used to convert spherical wave into plane wave
 The feed antenna is called primary antenna and
reflector is secondary antenna.
 Frequency range - 3GHz-30GHz

17. Parabolic Reflector Antenna

18. Application
 Radar communication.
 Satellite communication.

19. LOOP ANTENNA
 A directional-type antenna consisting of one or more
complete turns of a conductor.
 It determine the direction of arrival of radio signals.
 Frequency range – 500-1600KHz.

20. Loop Antenna

21. Application
 Direction finding of signal propagation.
 Radio(AM/FM)reception.
 Long distance point to point communication.

22. Antenna Arrays
 Arrays are used to increase diretivity and gain in
desired direction.
 Eliminate the radiation in undesired direction.

23. Broadside Array
 If the direction of maximum radiation is generated is
perpendicular is called broadside array.
 Each antenna is fed by the current of same magnitude
and phase.
 Radiation pattern is bidirectional.

24. Broad side array

25. End Fire Array
 If the maximum radiation is generated parallel to the
antenna array axis is called end fire array.
 Each antenna is fed by the current same magnitude
and opposite phase.
 Radiation pattern is bidirectional.

26. End fire array

27. CONCLUSION
 All the antenna are very useful in all the application
such as transmitter and receiver.
 Antenna are used to convert electrical energy to
electromagnetic energy.