In England, teachers must obtain qualified teacher status by completing a bachelor's degree, passing skills tests in literacy and numeracy, observing classroom lessons, interviewing for a teacher training program, and completing a one-year initial teacher training program. In France, teachers study for five years at university with the last two years focusing on teaching, then must pass a competitive exam to obtain their license. They may then be assigned to teach anywhere in France. In Germany, teachers complete a bachelor's and master's degree in education, and a one to two-year teacher training program where they may be assigned to multiple schools, after which they are prepared to teach two to three subjects.