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Nature of teaching

The document outlines the nature and functions of teaching, defining it as both a process and an art, distinguished by characteristics such as being social, goal-oriented, and interactive. It emphasizes the importance of the teacher-student relationship, learning environments, and effective communication in facilitating education, as well as outlining the various roles and qualities of a good teacher. The document further discusses different modes of teaching including conditioning, training, instruction, and indoctrination, highlighting the complexities involved in the teaching process.

Education◦
Nature of Teaching
Outline of the Presentation  What is teaching?  Definition of teaching.  Functions of teaching  Nature of teaching  Characterstics of teaching  Who is Teacher?  Qualities of good teacher
Learning Outcomes Students will be able to  Define Teaching  Elaborate nature of teaching  explain nature of teaching  discuss functions of teaching  List the characterstics of teaching  Enumerate the Characterstics of Good Teacher
What is Teaching? • Teaching is a process intended for learning by including a behavioral changes in the taught. • Teaching is an activity of facilitating learning.
Definition of Teaching  According to Morrison “Teaching is a disciplined social process in which teacher influences the behavior of the less experienced pupils that and helps him to develop according to the need and ideas of the society”.  According to Smith “Teaching is an organised system of specific activities aimed to help the learners learn something”.
Functions of Teaching  To provide Learning Environment  To understand the need of the learner  To facilatate the learner and learning  To provide Guidance  To provide Training
Nature of Teaching  Teaching is a Process.  It is art as well as science.  Formal as well informal process  Social Process  Goal oriented process  Task Oriented Process
Nature of Teaching  Interactive process/Highly Dominated by Communication  Organised and Systematic Process  Specialised task comprising of different teaching skills  Amenable to Scientific observation and analysis
Teaching as a process  Initially Teaching is considered as bipolar process i.e. between teacher and student/learner  Than another pole is added i.e. curriculum and polular as tri polar process which involved Teacher, Leaner and and Curculum  One of the important factor i.e. learning Environments has also taken place so Teaching is considered as Four Polar Process • Teacher • Student • Curriculum • Learning Environment
 Teaching is an art in terms of shaping the personality of a child and modify his behaviour and nurture the capabilities of a child  Teaching is science as well because it involves techniques, procedure and skills that can be systematically studied, described and improved.
Formal as well as Informal Process  Teaching is a formal as well as informal process.  Formal in the sense in which teacher planned the instructional objectives, planned the activities to be organised in classroom and explore the resources that will be utilised in the classroom and execute all the activites which he planned in avery systematic way.  Informal in the sense that students learnt a lot informally by teacher's attributes, chacterstics and his personality and follow in their life. Some students changed their inclination from one subject to another due to the teacher only and some students dreamed to be a teacher by influencing the personality of teachers.
Social process It is a social acitivity because it involves human being and social factors. It involves student, teacher and societal environment. The society and nature of human( student & teacher) is dynamic not static. This process is complex as well due to complexity in social structure & human nature. A teacher need to understand the social and psuchological factors associated with the students. Because they directly affect the learning of students.
Goal Oriented Process Teaching is a goal oriented process. Behaviour modification and harmonious development is the ultimate goal of teaching. At the planning stage goals/objectives are dertermined and ascertained at implementation stage.
Task Oriented Process Teaching is goal oriented process. A teacher has to plan various task/ activities to achieve these goals. In thatcontext it is task oriented task. Task may be divided in to two : Teachers' Task Students' Task • Planning the lesson • Present the lesson • evaluate Students' understanding • Participlation in activities planned by teacher • Responding according to stimuli.
 Teaching is highly dominated by communication. In classroom two types of communication existed  Verbal Communication  Non Verbal Communication  Verbal communication refers to a form of communication in which message is transmitted verbally; communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of writing.  The Non-Verbal Communication is the process of conveying meaning without the use of words either written or spoken. In other words, any communication made between two or more persons through the use of facial expressions, hand movements, body language, postures, and gestures is called as non-verbal communication.
 It is an organised and systematic process. There are three phases of teaching (Preactive, Interactive & Postactive). All the activities must be organised under these three phases.  All the steps are arranged in hierarical order. If it is not arranged systematically so ultimate goal can not be achieved.  Systematic process involves arrangement of content according to Maxims of teaching and following the principle of teaching.
Teaching is a very complex task that requires skills to ascertain the predetermine objectives which are as follows: • Skill of Introducing the Lesson • Skill of Probing Question • Skill of Explanation • Skill of Illustration with Examples • Skill of Reinforcement • Skill of Stimulus Variation • Skill of Board Writing
 Teaching process can be observed , analysed and assessed through teacher behaviour, pupil-teacher interaction and the changes brought in the behaviour of the pupils. Such analysis and assessment may provide essential feedback for bringing desirable improvemnt in this process. e.g.  Flander's Interaction Analysis  Micro Teaching  Simualted Teaching  Role Playing
 Dynamic, Social & Humane: Influenced by human & social factors  An Art & Science: Exercise of being systematic & including talent & creativity  Diverse in Application: There are various forms of teaching such as conditioning, training, instruction, and Indoctrination  Professional Activity: Involves teacher and student and result in the development of the student  Result oriented: Outcome is modification of behaviour
Teaching may be carried out in following forms  Conditioning  Training  Instruction  Indoctrination
Conditioning: Lowest level or mode of teaching.Most of our desirable or undesirable behaviours and habits are the creation of the process of conditioning e.g. A dog may be conditioned to lift his paw when it hears a bell. Training: It is more raised level of teaching than conditioning. It helps in shaping conduct and inculcating various skills e.g. a worker may be trained to perform certain specific skills. He may do a number of jobs on some machines skilfully without knowing its basic structure and operation. Similarly a variety of animals may be trained to perform highly specific tasks for the circus show
 It is concerned with the development of knowledge and understanding in an individual about a thing, system or process.  Imparting of knowledge and understanding merely represent one of the many objectives which we want to achieve through the process of teaching While teaching is aimed towards shaping a total man, the instruction cares only for the development of intellect and affects the cognitive domain of one’s behaviour.Teaching involves instructions.
 Transmission of doctrine, Firm Faith or system of beliefs  Shaping of beliefs and ideas  Require higher order of intelligence and result bringing quite stable changes  E.g. Hitler ruled over Germany and indoctrinate the youth  Saints indoctrinates people and people follows the same
Who is Teacher? When a person imparts information or skills to another, its common to describe the action as teaching and that person known as teacher. Imparting may mean to share experiences or communicating information for instance by lecture or activity. A teacher is a more mature person who helps pupil to learn. Teacher is the key component of classroom which initiate teaching learning process. He creats the enviornment of learning in the classroom. He must be facilitator not transmitter of knowledge.
Qualities of a Good Teacher  Subject Expert  Confident  Effective Communicator  Patient Listner  Adaptive  Empathatic
Qualities of a Good Teacher  Commited  Innovative  Organiser  Team Leader  Continous Learner  ICT Enabler  Counsellor
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