Colligative properties of dilute solution is important topic of physical chemistry. mainly cover types with application of it day to day life... must to watch and share
Colligative properties of dilute solutions Manik Imran Nur Manik
lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure including necessary thermodynamic derivations.
Colligative properties of dilute solutions Manik Imran Nur Manik
lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure including necessary thermodynamic derivations.
RAOULT'S LAW ( Physical & Analytical Chemistry)Hasnaın Sheıkh
Name; Hasnain Nawaz
Surname : Shaikh
ROLL NO: 16 CH 42
B.E: Chemical Engineering (In Progress).
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
Jamshore, ISO 9001 Certified.
This presentation consists of three topics that are:
1. conductance of electrolytic solution
2. Specific Conductance, Molar Conductance & Equivalent Conductance
3. Kohlrausch's Law
Soluion and colligative propertries 2017nysa tutorial
it is based on CBSE, ICSE, HSC ,JEE, NEET, AIPMT, MTCET.
class 12 chemistry.
for buy ppt pay by paytm acount- 8879919898. price-Rs99 only/-
for more detail go my site
www.akchem.blogspot.com
RAOULT'S LAW ( Physical & Analytical Chemistry)Hasnaın Sheıkh
Name; Hasnain Nawaz
Surname : Shaikh
ROLL NO: 16 CH 42
B.E: Chemical Engineering (In Progress).
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
Jamshore, ISO 9001 Certified.
This presentation consists of three topics that are:
1. conductance of electrolytic solution
2. Specific Conductance, Molar Conductance & Equivalent Conductance
3. Kohlrausch's Law
Soluion and colligative propertries 2017nysa tutorial
it is based on CBSE, ICSE, HSC ,JEE, NEET, AIPMT, MTCET.
class 12 chemistry.
for buy ppt pay by paytm acount- 8879919898. price-Rs99 only/-
for more detail go my site
www.akchem.blogspot.com
What is colligative property?
Types of colligative property
Lowering Vapour Pressure (∆P) of solutions.
Boiling point elevation.
Freezing point depression
Osmotic pressure of the solution
This is the power point presentation for the students of class XII. This includes: Types of solutions, concentration of solutions, Solution of solid in liquid, solution of gas in liquid: Henry's law, vapour pressure of solutions, Raoult's law, Ideal & non ideal solutions, azeotropic mixtures, Colligative properties - (1) relative lowering of vapour pressure of solution of volatile solute, (2) elevation in boiling point of solution (3) depression in freezing point of solution (4) osmotic pressure, abnormal molar mass of solute, Van't Hoff's factor, numerical problems.
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Colligative properties ppt ssc,amt
1. Mr. Nitin H. Bansod
Shri shivaji Science College,
Amravati.
2. Contents :
Defination of Solution
Colligative Properties
Elevation in boiling point
Cottrell’s Method
Applications
References
3. Solution :
Colligative properties are shown by
dilute solutions containing non-volatile &
non-electrolyte solute.
These properties are the properties of
dilute solution that's why these are term as
colligative properties of dilute solution.
The molecular weight of the non-volatile
solute can be determined with the help of
colligative property
7. Boiling-Point Elevation:
DTb = Tb – T b
0
Tb > T b
0
DTb > 0
T b is the boiling point of
the pure solvent
0
T b is the boiling point of
the solution
DTb = Kb m
m is the molality of the solution
Kb is the molal elevation
constant or ebullioscopic
constant(0C/m)
V
a
p
o
u
r
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
A
B
C
8. Beckmann`s thermometer
Cottrell`s apparatus
ΔTb=T-T0
Elevation in boiling point
Molecular weight of
unknown solute:
Cottrell`s Method:
m = Kb . w/ΔTb.W
Where Kb Molal elevation Constant
∆Tb Elevation in boiling point
W weight of Solvent
w Weight of Solute
9. Depression in the freezing point of solution or
Cryoscopy:(Greek cryo = cold, scopos = observe "observe the
cold") and relies on exact measurement of the freezing point.
The temp. at which solid and liquid phases of substance have
same vapour pressure is called as freezing point of liquid.
When non volatile solute is dissolved in a volatile solvent the
freezing point of the solution decreases due to decrease in vapour
pressure of solution. This decrease in the freezing point of solvent
due to addition of solute is called depression in freezing point of
solution. ΔTf = T0 -T
11. Numerical Problems: (Important)
1. An aqueous solution containing 2.5 ×10-4 kg of solute dissolved in 2×10-2 kg of
water froze at 272.58 k. calculate the molar mass of the solute.
(Kf = 1.85 k kg mol-1 ) Summer -2013 -03 marks
Solution : We have the formula
Here ΔTf = To - T = 273 -272.58 = 0.42
m = Kf. w/ΔTf.W
= 1.85 × 2.5 ×10-4
0.42 × 2×10-2
= 55.08×10-03 kg mol-1
12. 2. A solution containing 10-2 kg of sodium chloride in 1 kg of water freezes at 272.396
k. the Kf for water is 1.85 K kg mole-1 calculate the molar mass of the solute.
Solution :
m = Kf. w/ΔTf.W
= 1.85 × 10-2
0.604 × 1
= 30.629× 10-3 kg mol-1
13. 3. Calculate he Molal depression constant (Kf)of water . The heat of fusion of ice at 273
K is 6024.6 J mol-1 . ( R= 8.314 J K-1 mol-1 and M= 18×10-3 kg)
Solution Kf = MRTo2 / Lf
= 18 × 10-3 × 8.314 × (273)2 / 6024.6
= 1.851 K Kg Mole-1
14. 4. An aqueous solution containing 2.5 × 10-4 kg of solute dissolved in 2 × 10-2 kg of
water froze at 272.58 K. Calculate the molar mass of solute. Heat of Fusion of ice
at 273 K is 6024.6 J mol-1
Solution : first calculate the molal depression constant (Kf ) of Water
Kf = MRTo2 / Lf
= 18 × 10-3 × 8.314 × (273)2 / 6024.6
= 1.851 K Kg Mole-1
Here ΔTf = To - T = 273 -272.58 = 0.42
m = Kf. w/ΔTf.W
= 1.85 × 2.5 ×10-4
0.42 × 2×10-2
= 55.08 ×10-3 kg mol-1
15. 5. A solution containing 3 10-4 kg of benzoic acid in 2 × 10-2 kg of
benzene freezes at 0.317 K below the freezing point of solvent .
Calculate the Molar mass of solute?
Solution :
16. Rast’s Method :
liquid f.p Solid
m.p
There are 9 unknowns. Their names and molar masses are:
Naphthalene (128.2) Anthracene (178.2) Cholanthrene (254.3)
Dichlorobenzene (147.0) Anthrone (194.2) Cholane (330.6)
Naphtoquinone (158.2) Benzil (210.2) Cholestane (372.7)
Introduction: When one mole of a solute is contained in 1 kg of solvent, the melting point of that
mixture is lowered by a characteristic amount. That amount is called the molal freezing point
depression constant, or Cryoscopy Constant (Kf.)
m = Kf. w/ΔTf.W
Kf = Molecular depression constant for camphor (39.7)
w = Weight (mass) of unknown compound (solute)
W = Weight (mass) of camphor (solvent)
ΔTf = Depression of melting point
M = gram molecular weight of solute
In this simulation you will be asked to find the molecular weight of an unknown solid by
measuring the depression of the melting point of camphor when the solid is mixed with it.
17. Colligative properties for nonvolatile solutes:
Take it to the bank
•Vapour pressure is always lower
•Boiling point is always higher
•Freezing point is always lower
•Osmotic pressure drives solvent from lower concentration to
higher concentration
18. Abnormal Mass and Vant Hoff Factor (i ) :
i) The solution is dilute and behaves ideally
ii) High Concentration and non ideality of Solution
iii) The solute molecule may associate or dissociate in the solution
Vant Hoff introduced factor “ i” called Vant Hoff factor to measure the deviation in
observed value of colligative property from its normal value
I = Observed Colligative Property
Normal Colligative Property
19.
20. References:
A Textbook of Physical Chemistry : Gurdeep Raj
Physical chemistry : Puri Sharma and Pathania
A Textbook of Physical Chemistry : Kapoor
A Textbook of Physical Chemistry : Bokey prakashan
www.khan academy