Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
10 May 2021. Regenerative Agriculture vs. Agroecology: nomenclature hype or principle divergence?
(a) A decade of CSA: what are the achievements, the challenges and the bottlenecks? (b) What practical implications for smallholder farmers, agriculture and the environment?
Presentation by Bruce Campbell - Director of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
Climate change, its impact on agriculture and mitigation strategiesVasu Dev Meena
According to IPCC (2007) “Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer)”.
Climate change has adverse impacts on agriculture, hydropower, forest management and biodiversity.
In the long run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc.
Climate change directly affect food production across the globe.
www.fao.org/climatechange/epic
This presentation was prepared to provide a general overview of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) and the EPIC programme. After providing a definition of CSA, the presentation focuses on Sustainable Land Management and the role of climate finance to support CSA. It concludes with a description of the FAO-EC project on CSA.
Global climate change is a change in the long-term weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. The term "weather" refers to the short-term (daily) changes in temperature, wind, and/or precipitation of a region. In the long
run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc. Climate change is likely to directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal
temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence reduce the yield. In areas where temperatures are already close to the physiological maxima for crops, warming will impact yields more immediately (IPCC, 2007). Drivers of climate
change through alterations in atmospheric composition can also influence food production directly by its impacts on plant physiology. The consequences of agriculture’s contribution to climate change, and of climate change’s negative impact on agriculture, are severe which is projected to have a great impact on food production and may threaten the food security and hence, require special agricultural measures to combat with.
Agriculture has been and continues to be the most important sector in Indian economy. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing the world today. The impact of climate change is a reality and it cuts across all climates sensitive sectors including the Agriculture sector. In this situation this seminar focuses on the climate smart agriculture. CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions that are not necessarily new but are used in the context of climatic changes which is prime requirement in arena of climate change. Farmers possessed low level of knowledge regarding climate change, and they adopted traditional methods to mitigate the impact of climate change. Small land holdings, poor extension services and non availability of stress tolerant verities were the major problems faced by the farmers in adoption to climate change. Extension functionaries were having medium level awareness about impact of climate change on agriculture. They used electronic media, training and conferences and seminars as major sources of information for climate change. They need training on climate smart agriculture aspects. Based on the above facts this presentation focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges of climate smart agriculture.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Climate-Smart Agriculture Training for Practitioners
Asia Development Bank
9-11 October 2018, Tokyo, Japan
Session: Options for Mitigation in Agriculture
Presented by Lini Wollenberg, Low Emissions Development Flagship Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
10 May 2021. Regenerative Agriculture vs. Agroecology: nomenclature hype or principle divergence?
(a) A decade of CSA: what are the achievements, the challenges and the bottlenecks? (b) What practical implications for smallholder farmers, agriculture and the environment?
Presentation by Bruce Campbell - Director of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
Climate change, its impact on agriculture and mitigation strategiesVasu Dev Meena
According to IPCC (2007) “Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer)”.
Climate change has adverse impacts on agriculture, hydropower, forest management and biodiversity.
In the long run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc.
Climate change directly affect food production across the globe.
www.fao.org/climatechange/epic
This presentation was prepared to provide a general overview of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) and the EPIC programme. After providing a definition of CSA, the presentation focuses on Sustainable Land Management and the role of climate finance to support CSA. It concludes with a description of the FAO-EC project on CSA.
Global climate change is a change in the long-term weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. The term "weather" refers to the short-term (daily) changes in temperature, wind, and/or precipitation of a region. In the long
run, the climatic change could affect agriculture in several ways such as quantity and quality of crops in terms of productivity, growth rates, photosynthesis and transpiration rates, moisture availability etc. Climate change is likely to directly impact food production across the globe. Increase in the mean seasonal
temperature can reduce the duration of many crops and hence reduce the yield. In areas where temperatures are already close to the physiological maxima for crops, warming will impact yields more immediately (IPCC, 2007). Drivers of climate
change through alterations in atmospheric composition can also influence food production directly by its impacts on plant physiology. The consequences of agriculture’s contribution to climate change, and of climate change’s negative impact on agriculture, are severe which is projected to have a great impact on food production and may threaten the food security and hence, require special agricultural measures to combat with.
Agriculture has been and continues to be the most important sector in Indian economy. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing the world today. The impact of climate change is a reality and it cuts across all climates sensitive sectors including the Agriculture sector. In this situation this seminar focuses on the climate smart agriculture. CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions that are not necessarily new but are used in the context of climatic changes which is prime requirement in arena of climate change. Farmers possessed low level of knowledge regarding climate change, and they adopted traditional methods to mitigate the impact of climate change. Small land holdings, poor extension services and non availability of stress tolerant verities were the major problems faced by the farmers in adoption to climate change. Extension functionaries were having medium level awareness about impact of climate change on agriculture. They used electronic media, training and conferences and seminars as major sources of information for climate change. They need training on climate smart agriculture aspects. Based on the above facts this presentation focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges of climate smart agriculture.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Climate-Smart Agriculture Training for Practitioners
Asia Development Bank
9-11 October 2018, Tokyo, Japan
Session: Options for Mitigation in Agriculture
Presented by Lini Wollenberg, Low Emissions Development Flagship Leader, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
Innovation transforms livelihoods of pastoralists in EthiopiaICRISAT
Until the 1970s, traditional pastoralism used to be a successful livelihood strategy in drought-prone East African lowlands, where the rainfall regime is low and unreliable, and where mobility was essential for ensuring access to critical water and feed resources. It also provided space for the rangeland to regenerate. However, the traditional livelihood strategy has been increasingly constrained.
Presented by IWMI DG Claudia Sadoff at a meeting on 'Smallholder Farmer Adaptation to Climate Change' on April 23, 2019, at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in Seattle, WA, USA.
ISEWP will facilitate (technically) agencies in the implementation process of sustainable rice based agro-ecosystems.
All relevant agencies will implement sustainable rice field agro-ecosystems through Policy formulation, participatory technology demonstration, fund diversion, knowledge management. .
All agricultural users will adopt rice agro-ecosystem practices'
through
Participatory technology demonstration, extension and training.
Enhancing Farmers' Resilience of Sri Lankan Dry Zones to a Changing ClimateESD UNU-IAS
Enhancing Farmers' Resilience of Sri Lankan Dry Zones to a Changing Climate
Presented by:
Mr. Mohamed Fazal Mohamed Ajwaad – Project Officer, ACCEND / Project, Oxfam Italia, Sri Lanka
Ms. Dolgorsuren Sanjjav – Technical Officer / CBIT Project / UNFAO, Mongolia
Mr. Pratik Singh Thakuri – Program and Research Officer, Centre of Research for Environment, Energy and Water (CREEW), Nepal
Mr. Bart David Quibod – Instructor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Chairperson, Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response Committee; NSTP Coordinator, College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila
2019 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
24-30 November, 2019
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
5. TEMPERATURE
PRECIPITATIONS
5 degrees = What separates us from the last glacial era (-15 000 BC)
Source : IPCC/SRESA2
Models’ forecasts : +1,4 to +5,8 degrees by 2100.
8. Less visual but with major impact
Consequences of
climate change:
Agriculture and food security
Crop yields, irrigation demands...
Forest
Composition, health and productivity...
Water resources
Water supply, water quality...
Coastal areas
Erosion, inundation, cost of prevention...
> Temperature increase
> Sea level rise
> More rain
Species and natural areas
Biodiversity, modification of ecosystems...
Human health
Infectious diseases, human settlements...
9. Climate Changes in
India
• Cooling trend in northwest
India and parts of South
India.
• Regional monsoon
variations: increased
monsoon seasonal rainfall
along the west coast,
northern Andhra Pradesh
and North-western India,
decreased monsoon
seasonal rainfall over
eastern Madhya Pradesh,
North-eastern India, and
parts of Gujrat and Kerala.
10. Climate Changes in India
• Observed trends of multidecadal periods of more
frequent droughts, followed
by less severe droughts.
• Studies have shown a rising
trend in the frequency of
heavy rain events and
decrease in frequency of
moderate events over
central India from 1951 to
2000.
10
13. Rainfall (mm) departure in recent twenty five years (1985-09) over past
twenty five years (1960-84) in different districts of Telangana region of
Andhra Pradesh
150.0
102
Rainfall departure (mm)
100.0
75
50.0
6
WGL
KRM
-17
MDK
MHB
NLG
-15
HYD
0.0
ADB
KMM
NZB
-24
-50.0
-74
-100.0
-150.0
-99
-60
14. Rural Livelihoods - Resources
The livelihoods of the rural poor are directly
dependent on environmental resources.
land
Water
Forests
Energy
Are vulnerable to weather and climate variability
water stress
increases
groundwater
levels recede
soil fertility
declines
forest habitats
disappear.
15.
16. Drought classification systems
Meteorological :• Normal precipitation below 25%.
Hydrological :• Prolonged meteorological drought and drying of
reservoirs, lakes, streams and rivers, cessation of spring
flows and fall in groundwater levels.
Agricultural :• Depletion of soil moisture during the growing season. A
dry situation with 20% probability and rainfall deficiency
of more than 25% in drought-prone states of India.
Indian National Commission on Agriculture (1978)
17. Drought 2009 cause and what can be done?!
The drought is rare of this magnitude and for many
people it is a one generation memory.
Meteorological and information factors are
responsible for this situation. Other cumulative
factors are:
· Global recession
· Increase in commodity prices
· Occurrence of diseases
· Increase and decrease in real estate prices
· Up and down of stock market
· Availability of credit is low
· National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
– Deviation of labor for indirect natural resources
enhancement activities rather contributing to the
direct production activities. This has lead to Non
availability of labor or uneconomical to hire them.
Link
18. The drought-prone areas are confined mainly to the
peninsular and western parts of the country.
These regions suffer drought mostly due to the
cumulative effects of changing precipitation pattern,
excessive water utilization and ecologically
unsuitable agriculture practices
About 107 mha of the country spread over
administrative districts in several states is affected by
drought
19. Climate Change / Variability
in Semi-arid regions
Precipitation is less than
potential
evapotranspiration.
Low annual rainfall of 25
to 60 centimeters and
having scrubby vegetation
with short, coarse grasses;
not completely arid.
20. Freshwater management in India
Water Conservation
Watershed management
Water quality conservation
Inter basin water transfer
GW management
Recycle and reuse of water
Public involvement and capacity building
Anupma Sharma
21. Watershed activities focus on vulnerability reduction
Livelihood support
enforcing rights
Productivity of
natural resources
Enhancement of
knowledge
22. MGNREGA
'National Rural Employment Guarantee Act'2005 (NREGA)
Act guarantees 100 days of employment in a financial year to every household
a social safety net for the vulnerable groups and an opportunity to combine growth with
equity
Structured towards harnessing the rural work-force, not as recipients of doles, but as
productive partners in our economic process
assets created result in sustained employment for the area for future growth employment
and self-sufficiency
Operationalised from 2nd February, 2006 in 200 selected districts, extended to 130 more
districts in 2007-08.
The remaining districts (around 275) of the country under the ambit of NREGA from 1st of
April, 2008
23. Nature of Works
Water based
• » Water conservation
• » Water harvesting
• » Micro and minor
irrigation works
• » Provision of irrigation
facilities
• » Desilting of tanks
• » Renovation of traditional
water bodies
• » Flood control and
protection works
Land based
• » Land development
Forest/ Agro--Forestry
• » Afforestation
• » Horticulture
Infrastructure
• » Rural roads
24. Agriculture
India ‘s population is 1.21
billion in 2011. 67% are
rural. Majority are in
agriculture.
Importance of agriculture in
Indian economy. Although it
contributes only 15% of
GDP, the share of workers is
about 55%.
Marginal and small farmers
dominate
Major crops are rice, wheat,
maize, coarse cereals,
groundnut, cotton,
sugarcane, fruits and
vegetables
60% of cultivated area is
rainfed as only 40% of area
is under irrigation.
Rural poverty is 41%in
2004-05.
Agriculture is a ‘State
Subject’. In other words, the
policies of provinces are
also important
25. Area ( '000' ha ) under different pulse crops in Andhra
Pradesh (2000-01 to 2010-11)
Area ('000' ha) under cotton and jowar in Andhra Pradesh
(2000-01 to 2010-11)
2000
800
1800
700
Area {'000 ha)
1600
Area {'000 ha)
600
1400
500
1200
1000
400
300
200
Cotton
Jowar
Greengram
Redgram
Blackgram
800
600
400
100
200
0
0
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07--08 08-09 09-10 10-11
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07--08 08-09 09-10 10-11
Years
Years
Area ('000 ha) under groundnut in Andhra Pradesh
(2000-01 to 2010-11)
2000
1900
1800
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
900
Area ('000 ha) under Maize in Andhra Pradesh
(2000-01 to 2010-11)
800
700
Area {'000 ha)
Area {'000
ha)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07--08 08-09 09-10 10-11
Years
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07--08 08-09 09-10 10-11
Years
Source: Dr. D. Raji Reddy, ANGRAU
26. Assessment of Vulnerability of Agriculture to climate change
Climate Change
Direct effects on
crop growth
•Physiology
•Phenology
•Morphology
Indirect effects
Socio economic
•Soil fertility
•Irrigation availability
•Pests
•Floods and droughts
•Sea level rise
•Food demand
•Costs and benefits
•Policy
•Trade
•Farmers response
•Human intervention
•Adaptation strategies
•Mitigation strategies
Agricultural production
and vulnerability
Source: Dr. D. Raji Reddy, ANGRAU
27. Climate Change / Variability in Semi-arid regions
Climate Variability and extremes are an
expected characteristic of semi-arid lands.
The people vulnerable to droughts, which
trigger frequent subsistence crises
Increasing crop
failures, dislocation, famine, poverty, increases
stratification and the social inequities.
28. Major challenges of Agriculture
Climate change variability extremes
Soil fertility
Water
management
Impact of
hazardous
pesticides and
nitrogen fertilizers
Burning of crop
residue
Alkalinity of soils
29. Vulnerability of poor in rural areas
Two-thirds of households derive income directly
from natural sources
Natural resources are threatened by stresses
Biotic & Abiotic
Agriculture & natural resource based livelihoods
at immediate risk
Rural poor do not have resources to cope
30. Adaptation Practices
•
•
Diversifying the livelihood sources
Changing cropping patterns
–
–
–
–
–
Stress-tolerant, climate-resilient varieties of seeds,
drip irrigation
zero-tillage
raised-bed planting
laser-levelling, Systems of Rice Intensification (SRI), can build adaptive capacities
to cope with increasing water stress, providing “more crop per drop”.
•
•
•
•
•
Planting more drought tolerant crops
Increased share of non-agricultural activities
Increased Agro-forestry practices
Improved on farm soil & water conservation
Change to a mixed cropping pattern
•
Access to information
31. Crop Insurance
•
•
•
•
A2.1. The National Agriculture Insurance Scheme has been implemented in Andhra
Pradesh since 1999-2000. The schemes are a mix of voluntary and compulsory
participation. They are voluntary at the state level in terms of specific areas and
crops. Once the specific area-crop combinations have been notified, participation
is compulsory for farmers in those areas cultivating the specific crops and taking
agricultural loans. In the case of loanee farmers the sum insured may be at least
equal to the crop loan advanced. All farmers can insure to the value of the
threshold yield of the insured crop.
A2.2. Eighteen crops are currently insurable under NAIS during Kharif season
(e.g., rice, maize, sunflower, groundnut, sugarcane, and cotton) and ten crops
during Rabi season (e.g., rice, maize, sunflower, and groundnut). The standard area
yield insurance scheme has recently been extended to farm income insurance and
rainfall insurance.
A2.3. The XI Finance Commission noted the need to strengthen the crop insurance
scheme as a supplementary measure to what is done by the government for
providing relief at the time of natural calamity.
WEATHER BASED CROP INSURANCE SCHEME [WBCIS]
33. SOIL
AGRICUTURE
ANIMALS
ENERGY
PADDY
METHANE
EMISSIONS
REDUCTION
APPLICATION IN
ANIMAL PLACES
TO TAP
URINE, SANITAT
ION AND
EMISSIONS
REDUCTION
SOURCE FROM
EFFICIENT TLUD
COOK STOVES
BIOCHAR
PESTICIDE &
COMPLEX
CHEMICALS
AFFECTS
MITIGATION
EMMISIONS
REDUCTION
FROM FARM
YARD
MANURES AND
COMPOSTS
BIOCHAR
COMPOST
CROP RESIDUE
MANAGEMENT
HABITAT
BIOCHAR
BRICKS
SANITATION
HEALTH
WATER
BIOCHAR
URINALS
RITUAL /
SPIRITUAL /
RELIGIOUS /
PRACTICES
FIRE / ALTAR /
YAGNAS /
AGNIHOTRA
CLEANING
TEETH
BIOCHAR
TOILETS
BIOCHAR IN
AQUARIUMS
RUMINANT
ANIMALS
METHANE
EMISSIONS
REDUCTION AS
FEED ADDITIVE
SOAKING IN
WITH ANIMALS
URINE AND
EXCRETA VALUE
ADDITION
AS BY PRODUCT
FROM GASIFIER
STOVES, BOILER
S ETC
BIOCHAR IN
CATTLE SHEDS
BIOCHAR IN
POULTRY
FARMS
CHARCOAL
PRODUCTION
FROM BIOMASS
/ WASTE
MANAGEMENT
FIRE DURING
FESTIVALS
BIOCHAR IN
FRIDGES, MATT
RESSES, ETC.
BIOCHAR
TABLETS
WATER
PURIFICATION –
COLOR, ODOR,
REMOVAL OF
HARMFUL
ELEMENTS, ETC.
CREMATIONS
CLEANING
PLATES /
UTENSILS
BATHING
BIOCHAR IN
FOOD AS PART
OF FOOD
PREPARATIONS
NATURAL /
ARTIFICIAL
FIRES IN
FORESTS /
FIELDS, ETC.
34. Biocharculture
Biocharculture is the process of using Biochar,
including cultivation of crops
• Biochar is the charcoal produced from carbonaceous source
material. Sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide in terrestrial
ecosystems
• Biocharculture is one of the means to integrate for sustainable
cultivation and carbon sequestration.
• Biochar is usually produced at around temperatures 300 to 600
degrees centigrade for example as found in the common biomass
cook stoves.
• Because of its macromolecular structure dominated by aromatic
C, Biochar is more recalcitrant to microbial decomposition than
uncharred organic matter
35. Biocharculture Adaptation benefits
water conservation,
Lessen the impact
of hazardous
pesticides and
complex chemicals
& to reduce plant
uptake.
Conversion of crop
residue into Biochar
an option and
address carbon
sequestration
Increase in crop
yield
increases in
C, N, pH, and
available P to the
plants
Temperature
regulation in the
soil
Reduction in
leaching of the bio /
chem fertilizers
applied
Increase in the soil
microbes / worms
at the biochar and
soil interface
Securing the crop
from drought and
climate variabiiity
Reclaim the
degraded soils,
reducing emissions
and increasing the
sequestration of
greenhouse gases
Impacts of Biochar
last more than 1000
years.
Biochar is a part of the solution for cotton crop sustainable cultivation, there is a need to create large scale awareness among the farmers to continue traditional best practices of Biochar application and also adopt appropriate best technologies for improving the fertility of the soils and their sustainability.