Climate change is a natural process related to the endogenic, exogenic and astronomical process of the universe. Climate Change is a human-induced process related to GHG emission.

1. Welcome to Our Presentation
Group members:
1.Simon shimon Dibra-1363
2.Apumong Chowdhury-1362
3.Mehzabin misha-1360
4.Sayfur Rahman-1364
5.Al Mamun-1358
6.Omor Faruk-1359
7. Md. Rubel Hossain-1357

2. Course Code: 5231
Course Name: Disaster Prevention, Mitigation & Adaptation:
Approaches, Strategies and Practices
PRESENTATION
ON
DEFINE DISASTER MITIGATION. EXPLAIN
THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF
MITIGATION WITH APPROPRIATE
EXAMPLES OF MITIGATION MEASURES IN
THE CONTEXT OF BANGLADESH

3. Introduction
Objective
Guiding Principles
Examples of mitigation
Conclusion

4. Introduction
Disaster Preparedness needs to be followed by disaster
mitigation, which is essential for providing long-term succor
to the victims of disasters. Disaster mitigation involves
measures to reduce the effects of disaster-causing
phenomena. Mitigation involves all actions to reduce the
impact of a disaster that can be taken prior to its occurrence,
including preparedness and long-term risk reduction
measures. It also includes the planning and implementation
of measures to reduce the risks of human-made hazards,
and the process of planning for effective response to
disasters.

5. WHAT IS MITIGATION???Mitigation is the effort to reduce loss of life and property
by lessening the impact of disasters. In order for mitigation
to be effective we need to take action now—before the next
disaster—to reduce human and financial consequences later
Analyzing risk
Reducing risk
Insuring against risk
Disasters can happen at any time and in any place and if we
are not prepared, consequences can be fatal.

6. OBJECTIVES
Mitigation or reduction of risk of any disaster.
Capacity building including research & knowledge management.
Enhance the capacity of communities of reducing their own risks and cope with the impacts of all
hazards.
Reduce vulnerability and exposure of communities to all hazards.

7. Mitigation includes:
Reviewing building codes.
Vulnerability analysis updates.
Zoning and land-use management and planning.
Reviewing of building use regulations and safety codes.
Implementing preventative health measures
Political intervention and commitment
Public awareness .

8. DISASTER MITIGATION: GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Following principles are widely recognized a valuable guide
to disaster mitigation:
1. INITIATION
2. MANAGEMENT
3. PRIORITISATION
4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
5. INSTITUTIONALISATION

9. Guiding Principles of Mitigation
a) INITIATION
(1) Disasters offer unique opportunities to
introduce mitigation measures.
(2) Mitigation can be introduced within the
three diverse contexts of –
◦ Reconstruction
◦ New investment and
◦ Existing environment

10. Guiding Principles of Mitigation Cont.
b) MANAGEMENT
(1)Mitigation measures – complex, interdependent and
involve widespread responsibility
- needs effective leadership and co-ordination
(2) Mitigation will be most effective if integrated actions.
(3) “Pro-Active” mitigation measures are more effective.
(4) Mitigation must not be isolated from related
elements of disaster planning (preparedness,
relief/response and reconstruction/recovery)

11. Guiding Principles of Mitigation Cont.
c) PRIORITISATION
(1) Where resources are limited, priority should be given to the protection of
key social groups, critical services and vital economic sectors.
d) MONITORING AND EVALUATION
(1) Mitigation measures need to be continually monitored and evaluated so as
to respond to changing patterns of hazards, vulnerability and resources.
e) INSTITUTIONALISATION
(1) Mitigation measures should be sustainable so as to resist public apathy
during the long periods between major disasters.
(2) Political commitment is vital to the initiation and maintenance of mitigation.

12. DISASTER MITIGATION: GUIDING PRINCIPLES
There 'are certain principles of disaster mitigation. These include:
Creating awareness of risk at community level.
Promoting local actions through community participation to reduce such risks.
Incorporating mitigation measures in the national and regional development
plans,land-use planning proposals and in project design and appraisal in hazard-
prone areas.
Assisting decision makers (politicians and administrators) to understand the nature
and extent of various risks faced by communities, and assessing the economic effects
of natural disasters on agriculture, commerce and industry.
Demonstrating ways and means to reduce those risks within the limits of
national,regional or socio-economic conditions through proper decision making and
planning.
Introducing effective measures to implement disaster mitigation plans at the
different levels of government based on risk assessment and vulnerability analysis.

15. Examples of Mitigation
Measures
Incorporation of hazard resistance in structures or procedures to be
followed in new development projects.
The adoption of land-use planning and controls to restrict activities in
high-risk areas.
Economic diversification to allow losses in one sector to be offset by
increased output in other sectors.

16. Examples of Mitigation
Measures
Examples of mitigation actions are planning and zoning, floodplain
protection, property acquisition and relocation, or public outreach
projects. Examples of preparedness actions are installing disaster
warning systems, purchasing radio communications equipment, or
conducting emergency response training.

17. Examples of Mitigation
Measures
Strengthening
building to render
them more
resistant against
cyclones, floods
or earthquakes.

18. Examples of Mitigation Measures
 Changing crop cycles so
that crops mature and
are harvested before the
onset of the flood or
cyclone season.
 Planting certain kinds or
varieties of crops that
are less affected by
specific kinds of disaster.

19. Mitigation
The examples of investment in disaster mitigation in Bangladesh are:
Coastal Embankment Improvement Projects
Jamuna Meghna River Bank Erosion Project
Meghna Dhanogoda Flood Protection, Drainage and Irrigation Project
River Bank Improvement program
Construction of Cyclone centers in the coastal areas of Bangladesh
Community based Disaster Management Program

20. CONCLUSION
Integrating disaster mitigation with development plans.
Effective communication systems.
Use of latest information technology Insurance in all relevant sectors.
Extensive public awareness and education campaigns particularly in
rural areas.
Specialist programs which may assist in the development of large-scale
mitigation measures. For instance, agricultural programs which assist
farmers and others in mitigation of crop losses.
Legal and legislative support Greater involvement of NGOs/private
sector; and Allocating separate money for disaster relief in normal
budget; and a strict review of housing, drainage etc, to ensure long
range solutions to the problems.