The document discusses disaster risk reduction planning and its key aspects. It defines disaster risk reduction and explains what should be included in a disaster risk reduction plan, such as identifying hazards, vulnerabilities, risks, roles and responsibilities. It outlines the steps to implement a disaster risk reduction strategy and describes the common components of disaster risk reduction plans, including mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. It provides details on mitigation and preparedness, and examples of mitigation approaches and what is encompassed by disaster preparedness.

1. Presented By
RIZWAN ASLAM
70059-912

2. TOPIC
Disaster Risk Reduction
Planning

3. INTRODUCTION OF TOWN
PLAINNING
The art and science of ordering the use of land and siting
of buildings and communication routes so as to secure
the maximum practicable degree of economy,
convenience, and beauty…
An attempt to formulate the principles that should guide
us in creating a civilized physical background for human
life whose main impetus is thus …
foreseeing and guiding change…

4. Hariskars objectives of town planning…
By G.K Hariskar:
It is art of shaping and guiding physical growth of
town by creating buildings and environmental to meet social
economical cultural needs and providing healthy condition for both
rich and poor…

5. Disaster Risk Reduction Planning
Disaster Risk Reduction is:
Actions taken
to reduce the risk of disasters and the
adverse impacts of natural hazards, through
systematic efforts to analyze and manage
the causes of disasters, including through
avoidance of hazards, reduced social and
economic vulnerability to hazards, and
improved preparedness for adverse events…

6. What is included in a disaster risk
reduction plan…?
 Identification of hazards, vulnerabilities and risk to be
managed…
 Disaster risk reduction and management approaches /
strategies…
 Agency roles, responsibilities and lines of authority…
 Coordination in pre-disaster and post-disaster
phases…
 Budgetary resources…

7. Steps for Implementing DRR Strategy…
1. Ensure that DRR is a national and local priority
with strong institutional basis for implementation.
2. Identify, assess, and monitor disaster risks – and
enhance early warning.
3. Use knowledge, innovation, and education to
build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels.
4. Reduce the underlying risk factors.
5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective at
all levels…

8. Components of Disaster Risk Reduction…
1. Mitigation
- Measures to be taken before and after an event
2. Preparedness
- Measures to be taken before and after an event
3. Response
- Measures to be taken during and immediately after an
event
4. Recovery
- Post disaster measures

9. What is Mitigation?
Mitigation is the effort to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the
impact of disasters. It is permanent reduction of the risk of a disaster.
Mitigation lessens the likelihood and severity of disaster by implementing
sustained actions, such as improved construction practice, to reduce or
eliminate long-term risk to people and property. Mitigation of hazard
impacts reduces the possibility of disaster and reduces the need for
assistance.
Mitigation includes recognizing that disasters will occur; attempts are
made to reduce the harmful effects of a disaster, and to limit their impact
on human suffering and economic assets.
Types of Mitigation
1. Primary Mitigation:
Primary mitigation refers to increasing the resistance
to the hazard and reducing vulnerability.
2. Secondary Mitigation:
Secondary mitigation refers to reducing the
effects of the hazard (preparedness).

10. Various Approaches / Strategies of Disaster Mitigation
1) Risk Identification:
The first step in disaster mitigation is to identify areas
that are at risk to hazard. Once the priority zones have been identified,
comprehensive and integrated risk reduction programs
should be initiated.
2) Land-Use Planning:
Land-use planning includes the mapping of disaster
prone area which should contain number of livestock per unit area, crop
density, population density, road network, location of
shelter etc.
3) Structural and Non-Structural:
Mitigation measures may involve
construction (e.g. dykes and flood protection walls, and also ecosystem-
based approaches to flood and erosion control, such as planting
mangrove forests) and non-material measures (e.g. land-use restrictions
in flood risk areas).

11. 4) Disaster relief and Rehabilitation:
Supply emergency
humanitarian aid to victims for survival and relocate the peoples
whose residence have been destroyed very badly, inappropriate
for living.
5) Disaster Management Training and Education:
Trained up group
of personnel need to be formed in local, national and regional
context to mitigate and reduce disaster risk and damages. 6) Role
of Media in Disaster Risk Reduction Media is the effective means
to circulate the news and bulletins about hazard warning and
mitigation processes.
7) Institutional Capacity Building:
Several institutional bodies are
engaged with disaster mitigation processes such as local
community, organization, local and national government, NGOs,
international organization etc. Ability and capacity of those
institutions should be as high as they are capable to
mitigate the disaster.

12. Disaster Preparedness
Preparedness refers the measures that ensure the organized
mobilization of personnel, funds, equipment, and supplies
within a safe environment for effective relief. Preparedness
lessens the severity of disasters by preparing people for
disaster, developing plans to ensure an effective response and
recovery and training people to implement plans after a
disaster occurs.
Preparedness Includes:
1) Forecasting and Warning for Different Hazards.
2) Emergency Preparedness
- Organized personnel for monitoring, alert and evacuation
- Medical team
- Search and rescue team
- Availability of food reserve
- Emergency monetary fund and seed reserve
- Distribution of disaster supplies and equipment
3) Education, Training and Public Awareness

13. Application On Socity
 Every year, millions of people are affected by both human-
caused and natural disasters. Disasters may be explosions,
earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornados, or fires. In a
disaster, you face the danger of death or physical injury. You
may also lose your home, possessions, and community.
Such stressors place you at risk for emotional and physical
health problems.
 Stress reactions after a disaster look very much like the
common reactions seen after any type of trauma. Disasters
can cause a full range of mental and physical reactions. You
may also react to problems that occur after the event, as well
as to triggers or reminders of the trauma.

14. Application Of Civil Engineering
 The ironic fact is that disasters are not avoidable completely.
In this perspective, civil engineering can play crucial role by
contributing to the disaster management field in two
important ways: in the setting of design and safety standards,
and the actual design and construction of infrastructure used
to prevent damage and losses caused by hazards. In this
paper the potential role of Civil Engineers in disaster
management has been critically reviewed using
SWOT(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats)
analysis...
 It has been recognized that civil engineers have been in the
forefront in developing safe built environment, public policy,
global performance-based codes and standards and
research agenda as a mitigation tool to combat with various
disasters. It has been also realized that despite of several
challenges and onstraints, civil engineers can play very
crucial and even much more diversified role in disaster
management activities.

15. Reserch Paper Summary
 Pakistan’s approach to disaster management has improved much since the initial
challenges faced following the 2005 earthquake.The threats posed by natural
catastrophes are intensifying. As a consequence, the volume of effort in the field
of disaster management has been accelerating, mainly in Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR). DRR concentrates on pre-disaster actions. In current years,
vulnerable groups have had to endure the impact of the hazards. Sialkot District
in Punjab province of Pakistan has experienced more recurrent floods in these
years. In This article, the implementation phenomenon of Disaster Risk Reduction
policy, particularly in the areas of Early Warning, Building Codes and Awareness
Campaigns at district level has been studied. The losses caused by floods in
Sialkot during 2013 and 2014 have been compared in order to specify whether
successful DRR practices are minimizing the impacts of flood disaster or not. The
losses trend indicates that current DRR practices are not satisfactory especially at
the district level and more efforts are required to strengthen the vulnerable
communities in pre and post-disaster situations...
(Afsheen Zeshan & Dr. Muhammad Bashir Khan)

16. References
www.google.com
https://www.ptsd.va.gov
wikipedia