Disaster risk reduction practices in bangladesh

Disaster risk reduction practices in bangladesh

• 1.
  Interactions with thefuture DRMP
• 3.
   Bangladesh  DRRconcept ?  Evolving Paradigms of DM  Actions and Strategies on DRR  Working with Community  Gaps, Concerns ,Limitations & Challenges  Learning and Observation  Step Forward  DP ?New generation DRR Practitioner  GANDHI? Conclusion
• 5.
   B-Bay ofBengal  A- Agriculture  N-NGOs  G-Garments and GB  L-Land of Rivers  A-Adaptability  D-Disasters, DM, Democracy  E-Emergency  S-SAARC  H-High: Population growth, Vulnerabilities  Tin Da
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  Ashar, Borsha Mongol,Asmani, Choto Nodi etc The Angry Water water flares up disaster looms now a city sinks
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  •Intensity and frequencyof Disasters are increasing •Economic losses about USD 200 m. (Flood2004) and 29.6 m(only Roads, Embankments-Sidr). • Poverty Reduction •Protect Development Gain. Investments in development have been wiped away by disasters. • Disaster risk reduction is increasingly recognized as a major factor in achieving sustainable devt. Why Disaster Risk Reduction???
• 10.
   A comprehensiveapproach to reduce disaster risks is set out in the United Nations-endorsed Hyogo Framework for Action, adopted in 2005.  The HFA is a global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts
• 11.
  •It’s goal isto substantially reduce disaster losses by 2015 - in lives, and in the social, economic, and environmental assets of communities and countries. •The Framework offers guiding principles, priorities for action, and practical means for achieving disaster resilience for vulnerable communities DRR- Background and Concept, Cont.
• 12.
  DRR: The reduction ofdisaster risks and adverse impacts of natural hazards, through systematic efforts to analyse and manage the causes of disasters, including through avoidance of hazards, reduced social and economic vulnerability to hazards, and improved preparedness for adverse events. DRR- Background and Concept, Cont.
• 13.
  Five priorities foraction (HFA) 1. Necessary institutional basis for implementing disaster risk reduction 2. Risk assessment and early warning 3. Knowledge, innovation and education 4. Reduction of the underlying risk factors 5. Preparedness for response DRR- Background and Concept, Cont.
• 14.
  Risk : The potentialdisaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur to a particular community or society over some specified future time period, caused by a natural event or a technical failure. Disaster A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
• 15.
  Vulnerability The characteristics andcircumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. Hazard A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage
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  The 70’s: responseoriented, formation of early warning and very basic preparedness;  1970- cyclone Gorky, 300,000 killed  1972- Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP) established, wireless network created  The 80’s: and 90’s: emergence of the DM approach;  1987/88- huge flood, FAP (11) formulated: establishment of a special unit to plan and coordinate disaster-related activities  1991- cyclone, 138,800 killed, shifting from reactive response to disaster risk reduction,  1993- constitution of the Disaster Management Bureau (DMB)  1997- drafting of the Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD) 1998- elongated flood
• 17.
  The 2000’s: consolidationtowards a comprehensive system. ◦2000- Comprehensive Disaster Management Program (CDMP) formulated and launched in 2004 ◦2005- Ministry of Food and Disaster Management (MoFDM) re- established, GoB’s new Disaster Management vision ◦2006- Revised MoFDM- Allocation of Business ◦2010- Codified formal DM System : revised SOD, National Plan for Disaster Management (NPDM) – renewed momentum for DM Policy and DM Act ◦2012 DM Act Finalized , Formed DDM& R, MoDMR ◦2015 SENDAI Frame work.
• 18.
  Expected outcome (overthe next 15 years): The substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health and in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons, businesses, communities and countries.
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  Goal : Prevent newand reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of integrated and inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural, educational, environmental, technological, political and institutional measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness for response and recovery, and thus strengthen resilience.
• 20.
   Priority 1:Understanding disaster risk.  Priority 2: Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk.  Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience.  Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
• 21.
  Key Institutions/Duty bearersfor DM 1. DDM 2. CDMP 3. Water Resources Planning Organizations 4. Specialized NGOs 5. Public training institutes BARD, RDA, BPATC, NILG, AFD etc 6. DU and other pub. Uni 7. Mainstreaming 12/13 Ministries? 1. Bangladesh Met Department (BMD) 2. Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) 3. Flood Forecasting and Warning Center (FFWC) 4. Institute of Water Modeling (IWM) 5. SPARSO 6. CEGIS 7. Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) 8. BUET and other universities 1. MoDM 2. Armed Forces 3. DDM 4. Fire Services and Civil Defense Department 5. Bangladesh Ansar and Village Defense Force 6. Bangladesh Red Crescent Society (BDRCS) 7. Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) 8. NGOs 9. LGs and other local actors Technical Monitoring Capacity Building Preparedness & Response
• 22.
   DM Act2012;Strengthening the MoDMR  National Disaster Management Plan  Standing Orders on Disaster, Building code  Committees at different Level  Corporate Plan of MoFDM  CDMP, BCCSAP,  DM Policy (Lagatar draft)
• 23.
  Early Warning  CPP-CyclonePreparedness Programme in Coastal area ;43,000 Trained Volunteers  FFWC-Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre ,66 monitoring stations, Regional and International network  Seismic centres (How many and Whr?)  Metrological Department and ?  Media
• 24.
  Reducing Risk factors Multi purpose Cyclone Shelters  Flood Shelters  Raised Homestead and Plinth level  Drought Resistant Crop .BRRI 43  Saline tolerant Rice Variety.BRRI41,47.  Early Maturing Rice Variety BRRI 45  Mass Awareness and Education  Coastal Greenbelt  Food security particularly for vulnerable communities  Structural measures>Embankments 5695kms,  Community initiatives/organizations. NGOs  Roads & Communications  Preparedness for Emer. Response Management
• 29.
   Knowing, understanding,analysingand learning from community  Vulnerability & Capability Assessment  Forming/strengthening people’s/self-help organization  Participatory Disaster Risk Management Planning  Engagement of key actors in Prog. Management  Uphold organizational Mandate and peoples right  Share previous learnings,new knowledge and avoid NGP(?)  Dealings with local leaders/influenciers(+-)
• 30.
   Lack ofunderstanding of existing orders/regulations at local govt. level and resourcing to implement these efficiently.  Harmonization of different DRR approaches and standardizations of guidelines  Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction across agencies /sectors/departments
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  •Lack of coordinationtowards a common national goal •Community empowerment •Many of the plans at national and local level have been developed as a part of larger international and regional initiatives Gaps, Concerns and Limitations
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   Limited participationof Vulnerable people and non-state actors in the planning and decision making process resulted in limited ownership and too many directions  Lack of initiative to scaling-up of good approaches  Decentralization and devolution of power and resources up to the local government level to implement the local plans  Perspective (response led), leadership and commitment of the key officials and politicians on disaster reduction,  Lack of pro-poor Governance: Fund allocation and effective utilization, Accountability Gaps, Concerns and Limitations
• 33.
   Disaster proneinfrastructures and its management  Ownership and pro-people initiatives  Population growth and pressure  Systematic approach and Durability  Social Vulnerability :Poverty, Gender Inequality, Gaps  Political commitment/decision/representation  Governance> Working in democratic atmosphere ,  Resource and its Utilization, Capacity of LG  Strengthening Collaborative work of DRR and CCA box
• 34.
   Lack ofCommunity Ownership of PVCA creates 'shelve based DRR’. Simple Analysis of vulnerability and capacity could bring better result if community is in centre and supported by duty bearers and policy.  Long term DRR programme with comprehensive analysis could reduce risk and improve livelihood status of most vulnerable community.
• 35.
  Mainstreaming DRR needscommitment across the organizations/departments with proper resources and culture Community participation with authority back up could make programmes implementation easier and sustainable. Market based livelihood initiatives for Vulnerable community is must Common/minimum understanding on DRR and CCA Observations and Learnings
• 36.
   Development programmesshould consider capacity building of communities to cope with disasters and climate changes  Gender sensitivity should be built into the programme and management  Emergency humanitarian programmes should consider longer-term strategies so as to build capacity of vulnerable communities to move into a development mode Observations and Learnings
• 37.
   Research, Pilotingand innovations on DRR/CCA  Political Commitment, Effective Policy and Implementation  Invest in capacity building of different actors  Consider SDGs, country plans and Coordination  Reinforcing mainstreaming DRR and CCA  Avoid maladaptation and unsustainable DRR.  SENDAI Approach and Targets  Cross Validation and Cost effectiveness  Adjustment with Middle Income Awaz  Urban DRM
• 38.
   Support fieldofficials for quick service delivery  Strengthen global negotiation, regional cooperation and networking, and Coordination  Stop NGP and Uphold peoples rights & perceptions  Emphasis on `everybody's bussiness`not on ...........?
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   D-Determination  E-Empowermentfocus  E- Energy and Education  P-Policy, Practices and Participation  I-Intelligence, Innov. and Inclusiveness  K-Knowing People and Surroundings  A-Accountability and Advance step
• 41.
  G-Governance  Good Practiceand Standard (Action,Coord.)  Global linkage and dimensions; Negotiations  Grassroots (Empowerment, Constitutions,SDG?) A-Analysis(HVC>Hazard,Vulnerability,Capacity) N-Neo(Ideas, Knowledge,Skill) and Nicety D-Durability and `Do no harm` H-Human Induced matters I-Integration,Investment and Inclusiveness
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   Thank youvery much