By the end of the lesson you will be able to … define an adjective clause. mention the characteristics of adjective clause. mention types of adjective clause. say different position of adjective clause. identify some adjective clauses.

1. Md. Abdul Kader
Lecturer
Department of English
Cambrian College
Mobile: +8801715447430
Email : has83abdulkader@gmail.com
Welcome to all of you.
English Grammar
Class-IX-XII

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Lesson:
Adjective Clause

3. Learning Outcome
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• define an adjective clause.
• mention the characteristics
of adjective clause.
• mention types of adjective
clause.
• say different position of
adjective clause.
• identify some adjective
clauses.
By the
end of
the
lesson
you will
be able
to …

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5. Adjective clauses
An adjective clause is a
subordinate clause used as an
adjective to modify a noun or a
pronoun.
Adjective Clauses are also called
RELATIVE CLAUSES.
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6. Examples of Adjective Clauses
The woman who looks happy danced
across the street.
The whole clause is modifying the
noun woman!
The clause is still telling us which woman.
The woman who looks happy.
Likewise,
The girl whom you teach is my sister.
(modifying girl)
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7. Examples of Adjective Clauses
The person who made the mess needs to
clean it. (modifying person)
People whose cats shed need to vacuum
often. (modifying people)
This is the house that Jack built.
(modifying house)
The book which I had not read fell on my
head. (modifying book)
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9. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
1. Adjective clauses usually appear
immediately after the word that they modify.
Example:
She likes the guy who sits in front of her.
2. It will have a subject and a verb.
Example: This is the house that Jack built.
(The independent clause is This is the house. The relative
clause is that Jack built. Notice that both clauses have a
subject and a verb.)
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10. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
3. Adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns:
who, whose, that, whom, which
Examples:
The meat which they ate was tainted.
They are searching for the one who borrowed the
book.
Note: Sometimes a relative pronoun is omitted.
The missing pronoun, however, is understood and
still functions in the sentence.
Examples:
The flowers (that) I bought for my mother are
beautiful.
The friends (whom) I visited are my cousins.
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11. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
4. While most of the time relative clauses are
introduced by relative pronouns, sometimes
they are introduced by relative adverbs
(where, when, why).
Notice that the following clauses are still modifying
the nouns.
The arctic is a region where life is difficult
Tuesday is the day when we have pizza for dinner.
Our teacher told us the reason why we study
grammar.
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12. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
5. It will tell us something about the
noun or pronoun.
The book which has the blue cover is
mine. (It tells us something about the
book )
He who stole the book is unknown to
me. (It tells us something about the
pronoun “he” )
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13. CHARACTERISTICS OF ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
6. Finally, it will function as an adjective,
answering the questions What kind? How
many? or Which one?
Joe read the book that I gave him.(Which
book did Joe read? Answer: the one that I
gave him.)
A politician who is trustworthy has the
support of the people. (Answering what kind
of politician)
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15. Types of Adjective Clause
There are two kinds of adjective
clauses:
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They are-
Non-defining
(or non-essential)
clause
Defining
(or essential)
clause

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17. Adjective Clause as a Subject
Examples:
Pavarotti, who sings at the
Metropolitan Opera, is a tenor.
The part of Alaska that is within
the Arctic Circle is cold most of
the year.
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18. Adjective Clause as a Direct Object
Examples:
 Someone broke the window that
I recently fixed.
 Did I tell you about the author
whom I met?
 I have a friend whose witty
remarks amuse me.
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19. Adjective Clause as Object of Preposition
Examples:
 This is my aunt of whom I have
spoken .
 The climate is one in which little
foliage can grow.
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20. Group Work
The sentences in this exercise have been
adapted from a paragraph in Richard
Rodriguez's memoir Hunger of Memory
(1981). Seven of the sentences contain
adjective clauses. Identify these adjective
clauses (1-10)
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21. Practice-1
1. In the early years of my boyhood, my parents coped
very well in America.
2. My father, who had steady work, and my mother,
who managed at home, were nobody's victims.
3. Ambition led them to purchase a home that was
many blocks from the poor side of Sacramento.
4. This home, which they had worked so hard to own,
was only a block from the biggest, whitest houses in
town.
5. Despite their achievements, the confidence of
"belonging" in public was withheld from them both.
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22. Practice-1
6. They regarded the people at work, the faces in
crowds, as very distant from us.
7. They were the others, los gringos, who always spoke
too rapidly.
8. The English that my parents spoke in public was
hesitant, accented, not always grammatical.
9. The Spanish language of their Mexican past, which
they spoke at home, sounded in counterpoint to the
English of public society.
10. The Spanish that they spoke with ease was a
pleasing, soothing, consoling reminder of home.
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23. Answer of Practice-1
1. (no adjective clauses)
2. My father, who had steady work, and my mother, who
managed at home, were nobody's victims.
3. Ambition led them to purchase a home that was many blocks
from the poor side of Sacramento.
4. This home, which they had worked so hard to own, was only a
block from the biggest, whitest houses in town.
5. (no adjective clauses)
6. (no adjective clauses)
7. They were the others, los gringos, who always spoke too
rapidly.
8. The English that my parents spoke in public was hesitant,
accented, not always grammatical.
9. The Spanish language of their Mexican past, which they spoke
at home, sounded in counterpoint to the English of public
society.
10. The Spanish that they spoke with ease was a pleasing,
soothing, consoling reminder of home.
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24. Pair work
Only some of the sentences below
contain adjective clauses See if you
can pick out the adjective clauses(1-
10)
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25. Practice-2
1. I bought a car from Merdine, and it turned
out to be a lemon.
2. The car that I bought from Merdine turned
out to be a lemon.
3. Pandora, who had recently celebrated a
birthday, opened the box of gifts.
4. Lila, who has been the fire warden for 30
years, lives in a trailer with some scrappy.
5. Lila, who lives in a trailer with some scrappy
dogs and cats, has been the fire warden for
30 years.
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26. Practice-2
6. People who smoke cigarettes should be
considerate of nonsmokers.
7. Jacob, who smokes cigarettes, is considerate of
nonsmokers.
8. Mr. Mann has small, dark eyes, which peer
inquisitively from behind metal-rimmed glasses.
9. My wedding ring is worth at least ten dollars, and
now I have lost it.
10. I have lost my wedding ring, which is worth at
least ten dollars.
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27. Answer of Practice-2
1. (no adjective clause)
2. that I bought from Merdine
3. who had recently celebrated a birthday
4. who has been the town fire warden for nearly 30
years
5. who lives in a trailer with some scrappy dogs and
cats
6. who smoke cigarettes
7. who smokes cigarettes
8. which peer inquisitively from behind metal-
rimmed glasses
9. (no adjective clause)
10.which is worth at least ten dollars
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28. Evaluation
1. What is an adjective clause?
2. Mention the position of an
adjective clause.
3. Mention the types of an
adjective clause.
4. Mention three characteristics
of an adjective clause.
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29. Home work
Write 10 sentences that have
adjective clause.
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30. Departure
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