The use of relative clauses

1. Relative Clauses Monica Ampuero

2. that which who where I would like to spend a year of my life. a country England makes a woman feel like a lady. a man A gentleman migrates thousands of kilometers in winter a butterfly A monarch uses rhyme not melody to make a song. music Hiphop

3. when whose whom I met in the last workshop. the professor Mr. Taylor car I crashed. the man That children wear costumes and ask for candies. a holiday in October Halloween

4. For joining the clauses we use relative pronouns like : Who =when we talk about people. When = when we talk about time. Which = when we talk about things. Whose = instead of poss. pron.(his-hers-theirs) Where = when we talk about places.

5. Important!! We can replace the pronouns who-which-whom by the pronoun THAT.

6. Examples: That boy is the one who called me yesterday. That boy is the one that called me yesterday

7. This is the ring which I received from my grandma. This is the ring that I received from my grandma.

8. Let's exercise!!

9. 1. This is the man. I met him in Paris. 2. I wanted the painting. You bought it. 3. This is the chair. My parents gave it to me. 4. She's the woman. She telephoned the police. 5. He's the person. He wanted to buy your house.

10. Omission of the relative pronoun.

11. The man who I met is a lawyer. The book that you lent me is great. This is the man who got the job. He’s the man whose dog bit me. I belive in people who always tell the truth. This is the guy who sold me my house. I really wanted the car that you bought.

12. Defining and non-defining relative clauses

13. Defining, Non-defining One of my brothers, who is 65, is insane. My brother who is 65 is insane. Mostly written Written and spoken “ that” not used “ That” can be used Commas (usually), pause No commas, no pause Not necessary Extra information Necessary, defining

14. 1.- I have three brothers. A) My brother who lives in Sidney came to see me last month. B) My brother, who lives in Sidney, came to see me last month. 2.- I have one sister. A) My sister who is 25 years old spent her holiday in France. B) My sister, who is 25 years old, spent her holiday in France. 3.- Bob's mum has lost her keys. A) Bob's mum who is a musician has lost her car keys. B) Bob's mum, who is a musician, has lost her car keys. 4.- My friend Jane moved to Canada. A) My friend Jane whose husband is Canadian moved to Canada last week. B) My friend Jane, whose husband is Canadian, moved to Canada last week.

15. 5.- I am a shoe fanatic. A) The shoes which I bought yesterday are very comfortable. B) The shoes, which I bought yesterday, are very comfortable. 6.- Mr Robinson is very famous. A) Mr Robinson whom I met at the trade fair is a famous inventor. B) Mr Robinson, whom I met at the trade fair, is a famous inventor. 7.- Tamara has two cats. Both of them are black. A) Tamara's two cats which can play outside are black. B) Tamara's two cats, which can play outside, are black. 8.- Kevin has four cats. Two of them are black. A) Kevin's two cats which are black can play outside. B) Kevin's two cats, which are black, can play outside.

16. Forming relative clauses Combine the sentences using a relative clause. Use relat ive pronouns only where necessary. Note that you have to use commas in some of the sentences .

17. People live in Scotland. They are called Scots. The people …………………………………… We first went to Edinburgh. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. We first ……………………………………… Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh. He wrote the Sherlock Holmes stories. Arthur Conan Doyle …………………………. Then we visited a lake. It is in the Highlands. The lake ……………………………………..

18. Loch Ness is 37 km long. People know it for its friendly monster. Loch Ness ……………………………………… There we met an old man. He told us that he had seen Nessie. An old man …………………………………………. We then travelled to a mountain. The mountain is near the town of Fort William. We then …………………………………………… The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain. It is called Ben Nevis. The mountain ……………………………………….. I sent you a postcard. It was written on the summit of Ben Nevis. The postcard ………………………………………

19. That's all!!