This document provides a study guide for chapters 5-7 covering DNA, genes, protein synthesis, genetic diseases and disorders, mitosis, meiosis and inheritance. It includes 3 sentences: The study guide covers topics like the structure of DNA, where it is found, how it is used in criminal trials, the central dogma of biology explaining gene expression, genetic mutations that cause disease, mitosis and meiosis, inheritance patterns, sex determination and genetic disorders like Down syndrome. It asks questions about the human genome size, gene count, chromosome number, DNA and protein structure, genetic engineering techniques and comparisons between human and chimpanzee genetics.

1. Chapters 5, 6, 7 Study guide Primary site of protein The human genome is
synthesis composed of approximately
Chapter 5 how many base pairs?
Free amino acids
DNA – what does it stand Measures of overall DNA
for? Cytosol, nuclear membrane similarity between
Double Helix Frameshift mutation chimpanzees and humans
reveal that ____%_ of our
Where is DNA found? Tay-sachs disease base pairs are the same.
How is DNA used in criminal Most genetic diseases result Chapter 6
trials? from mutations that cause a
gene to produce a non- Mitosis, Meiosis
Nitrogen bases functioning
DNA in bacteria, eukaryotes
Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine, ______________, which in
Thymine, Uracil turn blocks the functioning Asexual reproduction
of a metabolic pathway.
Nucleotides Daughter cells
Bacteria, restriction enzymes
Phosphate group Interphase
Diabetes, Insulin
Deoxyribose, Ribose Cytokinesis
Recombinant DNA
Genes, Alleles, Traits Cancer cells, contact
Transgenic bacteria inhibition
In humans, genes make up
____%__ of DNA? Gene therapy How many chromosomes are
in the human genome?
Central Dogma Golden rice
Haploid v. Diploid
The expression of a gene to Pest-resistant genes
form a protein occurs in two Chromatin during meiosis
Genetically engineered
major steps. What are these
organism Crossing over
two steps in their correct
chronological order? Irish potato famine, genetic Gametes, somatic cells
diversity
Location of transcription and The difference in sizes
translation Vitamin A Deficiency between male and female
gametes results from two
Genotype, Phenotype PCR, gel electrophoresis,
unequal divisions of
restriction enzymes __________________ in
DNA -> mRNA
How many genes are in the female gamete
Triplet development.
human genome?
Female v. Male

2. Inheritance
Sex determined by
environment
Down’s syndrome, Trisomy
21
Nondisjunction
Karyotype
Turner’s Syndrome
Hermaphrodites