in this presentation, what are the steps and strategies involved the gene cloning and i was focused only on the 1st two steps of gene cloning.they are generation of foreign DNA molecules and selection of suitable vectors.
GENE CLONING,ITS HISTORY, NEW ADVENT IN GENE CLONING, PCR IMPORTANCE ,APPLICATION OF GENE CLONING,STEPS OF GENE CLONING,Antisense technology,Gene cloning in agriculture,Somatic cell therapy,Role of gene cloning in identification of genes responsible for human diseases,Synthesis of other recombinant human proteins and recombinant vaccines
Gene cloning in medicine,Recombinant protein from yeast,Problems with the production of recombinant protein in E.coli ,Expression of foreign genes in E.coli,Production of recombinant protein ,PCR can also be used to purify a gene,Obtaining a pure sample of a gene by cloning,Why gene cloning and PCR are so important,The advent of gene cloning and the polymerase
chain reaction.
in this presentation, what are the steps and strategies involved the gene cloning and i was focused only on the 1st two steps of gene cloning.they are generation of foreign DNA molecules and selection of suitable vectors.
GENE CLONING,ITS HISTORY, NEW ADVENT IN GENE CLONING, PCR IMPORTANCE ,APPLICATION OF GENE CLONING,STEPS OF GENE CLONING,Antisense technology,Gene cloning in agriculture,Somatic cell therapy,Role of gene cloning in identification of genes responsible for human diseases,Synthesis of other recombinant human proteins and recombinant vaccines
Gene cloning in medicine,Recombinant protein from yeast,Problems with the production of recombinant protein in E.coli ,Expression of foreign genes in E.coli,Production of recombinant protein ,PCR can also be used to purify a gene,Obtaining a pure sample of a gene by cloning,Why gene cloning and PCR are so important,The advent of gene cloning and the polymerase
chain reaction.
Rethinking How & Where Digital Knowledge is Stored, Shared, Tagged and Licensed in the 21st Century: New Role for Librarians?
Cable Green –– eLearning Director, Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges
Rethinking How & Where Digital Knowledge is Stored, Shared, Tagged and Licensed in the 21st Century: New Role for Librarians?
Cable Green –– eLearning Director, Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges
Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para TV Digital usando as bibliotecas de JavaTVgomarin
Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para TV Digital Interativa, onde o telespectador pode assistir de imediato os vídeos disponibilizados pela emissora, ou agendá-los para uma determinada data e hora, além de conferir as informações sobre o vídeo que está em execução, dentre outras funcionalidades.
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Luxury Fairline yachts brokerage and charter worldwide. Editor The Yachting Network - Olivier Baelde
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
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5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
2. DNA Cloning: An Overview
DNA technology has launched a
revolution in Biotechnology.
DNA technology (via gene
manipulation) makes it possible
to clone genes for basic
research and commercial
applications.
DNA technology is applied to
areas ranging from agriculture
to criminal law.
3. DNA Cloning Techniques
Techniques for gene cloning
enable scientists to prepare
multiple copies of DNA pieces.
DNA pieces are stored in DNA
libraries for easy idenfication
and accessibility.
DNA cloning can occur (in vitro)
via Recombinant DNA
Technology and Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR).
4. Recombinant DNA Technology:
A closer look
Recombinant DNA technology
requires two genes (a human
gene and a bacterial gene)
combine in vitro into one
molecule (a cloning vector).
The cloning vector is inserted
into a bacterial cell and
replicated multiple times.
6. STEP 1. Isolation of vector and
gene-source DNA.
The source DNA comes
from human tissue cells.
The source of the plasmid
is typically E. coli.
The human DNA and the
E. coli plasmid are cut
using a restriction
enzyme.
8. STEP 2. Insertion of DNA into
the vector.
By digesting the plasmid
and human DNA with
the same restriction
enzyme, both DNA
pieces can be combined
easily.
After mixing, both
complementary pairs
are joined by DNA
ligase.
This creates a mixture
of recombinant DNA
molecules.
9. STEP 3. Introduction of the
cloning vector into cells.
Bacterial cells take up
the recombinant
plasmids by
transformation.
This creates a diverse
pool of bacteria, some
bacteria that have taken
up the desired
recombinant plasmid
DNA, other bacteria that
have taken up other
DNA, both recombinant
and non-recombinant.
10. STEP 4. Cloning of cells (and
foreign genes).
Plate out the
transformed bacteria
on solid nutrient
medium containing
gene of interest and a
sugar called X-gal.
Only bacteria that have
the gene of interest
plasmid will grow.
The X-gal in the
medium is used to
identify plasmids that
carry foreign DNA.
11. STEP 5. Identifying cell clones
with the right gene.
In the final step, sort
through the thousands of
bacterial colonies to find
those containing the cloned
gene of interest.
One technique, nucleic
acid hybridization,
depends on base pairing
between the gene and a
complementary sequence, a
nucleic acid probe, on
another nucleic acid
molecule.