Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique used when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves maintaining an open airway, providing rescue breaths, and performing chest compressions to pump oxygenated blood to the brain and heart until emergency medical treatment can restore normal function. The basic steps of CPR are to check for response, call for help, provide 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths, and continue CPR until advanced medical help arrives. Complications can include injuries to the chest, heart, or other internal organs.

3. CardioPulmonary Resuscitation
CPR
- AY

4. At the end of the session
Students will able to ,
 Define CPR
 Enlist steps of procedure
 Understand BLS , ACLS , management
of CPR
 Demonstrate CPR

5. INTRODUCTION
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a
lifesaving technique useful in many
emergencies, including heart attack or near
drowning, in which someone's breathing or
heartbeat has stopped.

7. DEFINITION
CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)
is a technique of basic life support for
oxygenating the brain and heart until appropriate,
definitive medical treatment can restore normal
heart and ventilatory action.

8. PURPOSE
To maintain an open and clear airway (A)
To maintain breathing by external ventilation (B)
To maintain Blood circulation (C)
To SAVE LIFE of the Patient.
To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support arrives

9. Cardiac
Arrest
Ventricular
fibrillation
(VF)
Ventricular
tachycardia
(VT)
Asystole
Pulse less
electrical
activity
INDICATIONS

10. Drug
overdose
Respiratory
Arrest

11. PRINCIPLES
•To restore effective
circulation and
ventilation.
•To prevent irreversible
cerebral damage due to
anoxia.
•When the heart fails to
maintain the cerebral
circulation for approximately
four minutes the brain may
suffer irreversible damage.

15. Check Breathing
Open Airway
2 Rescue Breaths
30 Chest Compressions
Shout For Help
Check Response
Approach Safely

16. APPROACH SAFELY
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Open airway
Breathing

17. CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Open airway
Breathing

18. CHECK RESPONSE
Shake shoulders gently
Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
Leave as you find him.
Find out what is wrong.
Reassess regularly.
IF NOT GO TO NEXT STEP

19. SHOUT FOR HELP
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Open airway
Check breathing

20. CHEST COMPRESSION
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check Breathing
Airway

21. CHEST COMPRESSIONS
• Place the heel of one hand in the
centre of the chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
• Rate 100 min-1
• Depth 4-5 cm (1.5 to 2 inch)
• Equal compression : Relaxation
• 30:2 Compressions-to-Breaths.
• When possible change CPR operator
every 2 min

23. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check Breathing
Airway

24. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Tidal volume - 500 – 600 ml
RESPIRATORY RATE
give each breaths over about 1s with enough volume to make
the victim’s chest rise
CHEST-COMPRESSION-ONLY - continuously at a rate of 100 min

26. OPEN AIRWAY
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Open airway
Check breathing

30. CHECK BREATHING
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Open airway
Check breathing

38. POSSIBLE COMPLICATION
Coronary vessel injury
Diaphragm injury
Hemopericardium
Hemothorax
Interference with ventilation
Liver injury
Myocardial injury
Pneumothorax
Rib fractures
Spleen injury
Sternal fracture

39. OTHER TYPE OF ELECTRICAL THERAPY

40. A corrective procedure where an
electrical shock is delivered to the
heart to convert or change
abnormal heart rhythm back to
normal sinus rhythm
CARDIOVERSION

45. Electrode Placement :
Antero-apical position:
one paddle is placed to the right of the
sternum just below the clavicle. Another
paddle is placed to the normal cardiac
apex .
Antero-posterior position: the anterior
paddle placed over the apex, and the
posterior paddle on the back in the left or
right infrascapular region.
4
5
Proper position of the paddles

46. Procedure of Electrical defibrillation :
(1)Perform CPR until the equipment arrive.
(2)Assess the patient’s pulse and ecg.
(3)Selection of proper energy level
(4)Apply electrode gel between paddles and
skin
(5)Proper position of the paddles
(6)Clear the area. No contact with anyone
other than the victim.
4
6

47. (7)Recheck the ECG
(8)Activate the firing button.
(9)If no skeletal muscle spasm has
occurred ，you should check the
equipment，contacts，and
synchronizer switch.
(10)The rhythm should be assessed
after each countershock and the
patient should be checked for a pulse
at appropriate time.
4
7

48. 4
8