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CPR
- 3. CONTENTS
- 4. What does CPR stands for ? . C = Cardio ( heart ) . P = Pulmonary ( lungs ) . R = Resuscitation ( recover )
- 5. DEFINITION Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique of basic life support for oxygenating the brain and heart until appropriate , definitive medical treatment can restore normal heart and ventilatory action .
- 6. PURPOSE . Restore cardiopulmonary functioning . Prevent irreversible brain damage from anoxia.
- 7. INDICATION . Cardiac arrest . Respiratory arrest . Combination of both
- 9. CAUSES Drug toxicity and sensitivity Asphyxia Drowning Blunt force trauma to the chest VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
- 10. CA
- 11. CA
- 12. CONTRAINDICATIONS OF CPR .Inability of patient to extend head .Moderate to the cervical spine or anterior neck .Infection in the epiglottal area .Mandibular fracture or trismus .Mild hypoxia .Uncontrolled oropharyngeal hemorrhage .Intact tracheostomy
- 13. HOW CPR WORKS :
- 14. WHEN YOU SEE AN UNCOSCIOUS PATIENT
- 15. PHASES OF THE CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION : Phases Steps Phase - 1 Basic life support C = Circulation A = Airway B = Breathing Phase - 2 Advance cardiac support D = Drugs E = ECG F = Fibrillation Phase - 3 Prolonged support Post resuscitation care
- 16. CPR Techniques for Health Care Practitioners Age Group One-Rescuer CPR* Two-Rescuer CPR Breath Size Adults and children > 8 yr 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 30 chest compressions at 100/min 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 30 chest compressions at 100/min† Each breath about 500 ml (caution against hyperventilation) Children 1–8 yr 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 30 chest compressions at 100/min 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 15 chest compressions at 100/min† Smaller breaths than for adults (enough to make chest rise) Infants (< 1 yr) 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 30 chest compressions at 100/min 2 breaths (1 sec each) after every 15 chest compressions at 100/min† Only small puffs from the rescuer’s cheeks *For a single lay rescuer, compression-only CPR is now recommended. †Breaths are given without stopping chest compressions.
- 17. .What is basic life support(BLS) ? It is life support without the use of special equipment . .What is advanced life support(ACLS) ? It is life support with the use of special equipment (e.g. airway , endotracheal tube , defibrillator ) .
- 19. CPR IN CHILDREN
- 20. POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS .Coronary vessel injury .Diaphragm injury .Hemopericardium .Hemothorax .Interference with ventilation .Liver injury .Myocardial injury .Pneumothorax .Rib fracture .Spleen injury .Sternal fracture
- 23. DRUGS USED IN CPR First line drugs .Epinephrine or vasopressin .Amiodarone Other drugs Atropine sulfate Ca chloride Mg sulfate Procainamide Phenytoin NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate)
- 24. POSTRESUSCITATIVE CARE Arterial PaO2 should be kept near normal values(80 to 100 mm Hg). Hct should be maintained at ≥ 30, and glucose at < 200 mg/dL; electrolytes, especially K, should be within the normal range. Neurologic support Maintenance of oxygenation and cerebral perfusion pressure (avoiding hypotension) Therapeutic hypothermia Maintain the core temperature between 32° C and 34° C.