A biosensor is a device that converts a biological response into an electrical signal. The first true biosensor was developed in 1956 by Leland C. Clark, Jr. for oxygen detection, making him the "father of biosensors". Biosensors can be used for general healthcare monitoring, disease screening and diagnosis, veterinary and agricultural applications, industrial processing, and environmental monitoring. They have advantages like rapid measurement, high specificity, and low reagent usage but also disadvantages such as sensitivity to temperature, pH, and patient distrust. The biosensor market is expected to reach $52.5 billion by 2020 due to advancements that are changing how health and technology companies approach monitoring capabilities.

1. BIOSENSORS
Anuradha college of pharmacy,chikhli
By
Gopal khodve

2. INTRODUCTION
A biosensor is an analytical device which
converts a biological response into an electrical
signal.
The term 'biosensor' is often used to cover sensor
devices used in order to determine the
concentration of substances and other
parameters of biological interest even where
they do not utilize a biological system directly.

3. HISTORY
The first 'true' biosensor was developed
by Leland C. Clark, Jr in 1956 for oxygen
detection.
He is known as the 'father of biosensors'
and his invention of the oxygen electrode
bears his name: Clark electrode.
Eventually in 1975 the first
commercial biosensor was developed by
Yellow Spring Instruments (YSI).

4. Principle of biosensors

5. WORKING OF BIOSENSORS

6. TYPES OF BIOSENSORS

7. APPLICATION OF BIOSENSORS
• General healthcare monitoring
• Screening for disease
• Clinical analysis and diagnosis of disease
• Veterinary and agricultural applications
• Industrial processing and monitoring
• Environmental pollution control

8. GENERAL HEALTH MONITORING
• Glucose level
• Blood pressure
• ECG nanosenser
• Body temperature

9. CANCER DIAGNOSIS
• Cancer can take over 200 distinct
forms, including lung, prostate,
breast, ovarian, hematologic, skin,
and colon cancer, and leukemia, and
both environmental factors, and
genetic factors are associated with
an increased risk of developing
cancer.

10. ADVANTAGES
• Rapid and continuous measurement.
• High specificity.
• Very less usage of reagents required
for calibration
• Fast response time.
• Ability to measure non-polar molecules
that cannot be estimated by other
conventional devices.

11. DISADVANTAGES
• Unetical
• Safty Issue
• Ph Effect Performance
• Temprature Affect Performance
• Patient distrust

12. FUTURE OF BIOSENSERS
• The market for biosensor technology is
growing at an incredible rate. In fact, it’s
expected that it will reach an estimated value
of over $52.5 billion by 2020.
• These advancements are changing the way
everyone from health professionals to
wearable and mobile device manufacturers
are thinking about biosensors and their
capabilities

13. REFERENCE
 L.C. Clark, and C. Lyons, “Electrode systems for
continuous monitoring in cardivascular surgery”, Ann
NYAcad Sci, 1962, 102, 29-45
 J.Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and
Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892,
pp.68–73.
 Schmid, R.D.; Scheller, F. Biosensors, Applications in
Medicine, Environmental Protection and
ProcessControl; GBF Monographs; VCH Publishers:
New York, 1989.

 Kress-Rogers, E. Handbook of Biosensors and
Electronic Noses; CRC Press Inc.: New York, 1997.