Biologi Tanaman : Classification of plants (Unsoed) Smt 1
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Plants are divided into two main groups: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses are the simplest plants and do not have true roots or vascular tissue; they reproduce via spores. Ferns have vascular tissue and reproduce via spores on the underside of leaves. Gymnosperms are mostly trees with needle-shaped leaves, cones, and naked seeds. Flowering plants are divided into monocots and dicots based on whether they have one or two seed leaves.
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Classification of plants
The document classifies plants into two main groups: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Non-flowering plants are further divided into ferns, mosses and gymnosperms. Ferns have vascular tissue and spore-producing organs on their leaves. Mosses are the simplest plants lacking true roots and vascular tissue, with spores produced in capsules. Gymnosperms are coniferous trees with naked seeds in female cones. Flowering plants are divided into monocotyledons and dicotyledons based on their seed and leaf characteristics.
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This powerpoint contains full detailed theory on classification of plants. it is very helpful for class 9 and class 11 students studying in CBSE Board.
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Classification of plants
Plants are divided into two main groups: non-flowering plants and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses are the simplest plants and have no roots or vascular tissue, ferns have roots and vascular tissue but reproduce via spores, and gymnosperms are tall trees that bear cones with naked seeds. Flowering plants are further divided into monocots and dicots based on the number of seed leaves and the structure of their leaves.
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The document classifies plants into two main groups: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Non-flowering plants are further divided into mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses have no true roots or vascular tissues, simple stems and leaves, and reproduce via spores from capsules dispersed by wind. Ferns have roots, feathery leaves, underground stems, and vascular tissues, reproducing via spores on leaf undersides. Gymnosperms are tall evergreen trees like pine trees with needle-shaped leaves, cones, and naked seeds in female cones. Flowering plants are divided into monocots and dicots based on their seed and leaf characteristics.
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1. The document discusses different taxonomic classifications including alpha, beta, and gamma taxonomy. It also mentions phylogenetic and neo taxonomy.
2. Several plant families are listed including Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, and Asteraceae. Characteristics of different plant families like flower structure and leaf arrangements are provided.
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The document classifies plants into two main categories: non-flowering plants and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses are the simplest plants and have no roots or vascular tissue, ferns have roots and vascular tissue with spores produced on leaves, and gymnosperms are tall trees with needle-shaped leaves and cones containing naked seeds. Flowering plants are divided into monocots and dicots; monocots have one seed leaf and parallel veins while dicots have two seed leaves and a network of veins.
Classification of plants
Plants are classified into two main groups: non-flowering and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses do not have roots or vascular tissue and reproduce via spores. Ferns have roots, leaves, and underground stems with vascular tissue and reproduce via spores under leaves. Gymnosperms are trees with needle-shaped leaves, cones, and naked seeds. Flowering plants are divided into monocots and dicots based on seed and leaf characteristics.
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The document discusses various topics related to plant morphology, including:
1. It describes different types of flower symmetry and parts such as sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils.
2. It discusses pollination methods like hummingbirds, bats, moths and different flower arrangements.
3. It covers leaf anatomy like the epidermis, stomata, mesophyll and venation as well as leaf types, margins, bases and arrangements.
Life cycle of gnetum
- Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms that are tropical evergreen trees, shrubs, and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in their xylem.
- There are approximately 35 species of Gnetum distributed mainly in tropical and humid regions of Africa, Asia, and South America. Five species are reported in India.
- Gnetum reproduces sexually as a dioecious plant. The male and female strobili (inflorescences) are compound structures composed of bracts and rings of male or female flowers. Pollen grains contain two nuclei that develop into the male gametophyte within the anther.
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of the Plant Kingdom. It describes the two main groups of plants as nonvascular plants like mosses that lack true roots, stems and leaves, and vascular plants that have xylem tissue and true roots, stems and leaves. Within vascular plants it outlines the divisions of seedless vascular plants like ferns and club mosses, as well as seed plants including both gymnosperms like conifers that have naked seeds and angiosperms or flowering plants whose seeds are enclosed in fruits.
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Leaves are thin, flattened organs on plants specialized for photosynthesis. They come in two forms: simple leaves with a single undivided blade, and compound leaves divided into leaflets. Leaves have distinct external and internal structures, including an upper and lower epidermis, mesophyll tissue, vascular bundles, stomata, a petiole, and blade. Their shape, margin, base, and tip can be described using specific botanical terms to characterize their morphology. Leaves are key sites of photosynthesis and food production for plants.
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This document provides information on plant cells, tissues, and organs. It discusses the main tissue types found in plants, including meristematic, protective, parenchyma, sclerenchyma, collenchyma, xylem and phloem tissues. It also describes the structures and functions of stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds and roots. Key parts of these plant structures are defined such as the epidermis, vascular bundles, bud scales, stomata and root hairs. The document provides diagrams to illustrate plant cell types and the internal structures of stems and roots.
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Plant organs include roots, stems, and leaves which are composed of tissues and serve specific functions. Roots function to anchor plants, absorb water and minerals, store food, and conduct fluids. Stems provide support, transport water and nutrients, and can store food. Leaves capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Flowers evolve from stems and leaves and produce fruits containing seeds.
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The document classifies plants into two main groups: non-flowering and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants are further divided into mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses are the simplest plants and have no vascular tissues or true roots. Ferns have roots, leaves, and underground stems with vascular tissues. Gymnosperms are tall trees with needle-shaped leaves, cones, and naked seeds. Flowering plants are divided into monocotyledons and dicotyledons based on their seed and leaf characteristics.
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This document summarizes plant anatomy and physiology, focusing on the four basic parts of plants - leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. It describes the structures and functions of each part in detail, including tissues of the leaf like the epidermis, mesophyll layer, and vascular bundles. It also discusses specialized stem structures like bulbs, tubers, and rhizomes. The summary provides an overview of the key components and processes in plant anatomy.
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The document summarizes key characteristics of the four main groups in the plant kingdom - bryophytes, pteridophytes, conifers, and angiosperms. Bryophytes include mosses and are small non-vascular plants that reproduce using spores and live in damp environments. Pteridophytes are vascular plants like ferns that can grow larger than bryophytes due to possessing tissues like xylem and phloem. Conifers are gymnosperms that bear naked seeds in cones, while angiosperms are flowering plants that produce fruits enclosing seeds.
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This document provides an overview of plant taxonomy and anatomy. It begins by outlining the major divisions of the plant kingdom from non-vascular plants like mosses to vascular plants with and without seeds. It then describes the distinguishing features of monocots and dicots. The remainder of the document details plant structures like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds through diagrams and descriptions.
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Monocots and dicots differ in four key structural features: leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Monocots have one cotyledon in the seed embryo whereas dicots have two. Monocot roots are fibrous and spread widely, while dicot roots have a main taproot and smaller branching roots. Monocot stems arrange vascular tissue sporadically, unlike dicots which organize it in a circular pattern. Finally, monocot leaves have parallel veins and dicot leaves have branching veins.
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Cryptogams are plant groups that reproduce via spores rather than seeds, including algae, lichens, mosses and ferns. They have hidden reproductive organs and represent non-seed bearing plants. The main cryptogam groups are thallophytes, bryophytes and pteridophytes. Examples include mosses, liverworts, and ferns.
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The document discusses plant structures including roots and shoots. It describes the main functions of roots as anchoring the plant, absorbing water and minerals, and food storage. The three basic types of root systems are described as fibrous, taproot, and storage taproot. Key root terms like root hairs, fleshy roots, and aerial roots are also defined. The functions of stems include attachment for leaves/flowers/fruit, housing the vascular system, storage, and helping plants spread. Different stem types such as simple, branched, climbing, creeping, rhizomes, and stolons are outlined.
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1. The document discusses different taxonomic classifications including alpha, beta, and gamma taxonomy. It also mentions phylogenetic and neo taxonomy.
2. Several plant families are listed including Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, and Asteraceae. Characteristics of different plant families like flower structure and leaf arrangements are provided.
3. Examples of plant species are given, such as Sagittaria cuneata, Alisma triviale, and Arenga australasica. Traits of monocots like herbaceous stems and lack of endosperm are mentioned.
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First of two reproductive whorls of flower present next to corolla is called Androecium.
Innermost whorl of flower consisting of carpels is called Gynoecium.
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1. The Euphorbiaceae family contains over 283 genera and 7,300 species found throughout the world. It includes many plants of economic importance.
2. Plants in this family exhibit great variation in habit, ranging from annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, trees, and some that are cactus-like. They possess characteristics like taproots, branched stems, alternate or opposite leaves, and latex-containing vessels.
3. The flowers are always unisexual and may be arranged in inflorescences like cymes, spikes or heads. They typically lack either calyx or corolla or both. Important genera include Euphorbia, Ricinus, Phyllanthus, Cro
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This document compares the key differences between monocots and dicots. It begins by explaining that flowering plants are divided into two classes: monocots and dicots. The main differences discussed are that monocots have vascular bundles that are scattered in the stem cross-section, while dicots have vascular bundles arranged in a ring. Examples of monocots include palms, grasses, orchids and onions, while dicots include oaks, roses, mustards, cacti and sunflowers. Images are also provided showing the different vascular bundle arrangements in a monocot and dicot plant.
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Identification keys to orders and families of Monocots and Dicots
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The document classifies plants into two main categories: non-flowering plants and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses, ferns, and gymnosperms. Mosses are the simplest plants and have no roots or vascular tissue, ferns have roots and vascular tissue with spores produced on leaves, and gymnosperms are tall trees with needle-shaped leaves and cones containing naked seeds. Flowering plants are divided into monocots and dicots; monocots have one seed leaf and parallel veins while dicots have two seed leaves and a network of veins.
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The document classifies plants into two main categories: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Non-flowering plants include mosses and ferns. Mosses do not have true roots or vascular tissues, reproduce via spores, and prefer damp environments. Ferns have roots, leaves, underground stems and vascular tissues, reproduce via spore-producing organs on their leaves, and prefer damp shady places. Flowering plants are further divided into gymnosperms like pine trees, which have needle-shaped leaves and bear naked seeds in cones, and angiosperms which have true flowers and fruits containing seeds. Angiosperms include monocots and dicots, distinguished by whether they have one or two seed leaves and
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P L A N T S
The plant kingdom is divided into two main groups: vascular and non-vascular plants. Vascular plants have tissues that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts lack these tissues and rely on cell walls for transport. Seedless plants reproduce via spores and include non-vascular bryophytes as well as vascular horsetails, ferns, and spikemosses. Seed plants have true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues. They reproduce via seeds and are divided into gymnosperms like conifers, which have naked seeds, and angiosperms, which produce flowers and fruits containing seeds. Angiosperms are further divided into monocots and dicots.
Asteraceae family(Compositae)
ORDER ASTERALES
Family compositae (Asteraceae)
It is the largest family among angiosperms, containing about 1,620 genera and 23,600 species
Distributation
The member belonging to this family are found in everywhere on the surface of the earth (Cosmopolitan) in each possible type of habitat .Most of them are herbaceous but form tropical regions ,In Pakistan it is represented by many genera few are given as follows.
Scientific Name: Helianthus annus
Local Name: Surij Muki
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Local Name: Hatichuk
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthanus tinctorius
Local Name: Kusum
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthamus oxycanthus
Local Name: Kantiari
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Aertmisia absinthium
Local Name: Vilaiti afsantin
Family: Asteraceae
etc .
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This document provides information on the key parts and structures of plants. It discusses the plant kingdom and major divisions. It then describes the main internal and external parts and systems of plants, including the roots, stem, leaves, and flowers. The root functions to absorb water and minerals and anchors the plant. The stem transports fluids and provides structural support. Leaves perform photosynthesis and transpiration. Flowers are the reproductive structures that carry out pollination and seed production.
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The document provides instructions to update a powerpoint presentation with additional information about flowering and non-flowering plants. It includes requests to add pictures of specific parts of gumamela and fern plants, and definitions for terms like anther, style, leaves and roots. It also asks to double check the presentation for any errors.
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All the pictures and gifs that are used in this PPT are not mine, I also use slidesgo template in making it, so please use it wisely! Thank You :D
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This document provides information about classifying plants based on their physical characteristics and morphology. It begins with objectives to describe plant characteristics and classify plants according to their structure. The activities involve listing plants, categorizing them, and presenting classifications. The document then details plant structures like stems, leaves, and reproductive organs. It describes classifying characteristics like leaf arrangement, shape, margins, and venation. Finally, it discusses classifying plants into groups like mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms based on these morphological features.
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Biologi Tanaman : Classification of plants (Unsoed) Smt 1
- 1. Classification of PlantsClassification of Plants
- 3. 4 groups FernsFernsAlgaeAlgae GymnospermsGymnosperms Non - flowering Plants Do NOT produce flowers MossesMosses
- 4. A plant can be divided into 3 partsA plant can be divided into 3 parts
- 5. Examples of MossesExamples of Mosses
- 7. No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport) Characteristics of MossesCharacteristics of Mosses Simple stems & leaves Have rhizoids for anchorage Spores from capsules (wind-dispersal) Damp terrestrial land Simplest plants
- 9. underground stem root A leaf (finely divided into small parts)
- 11. roots, feathery leaves & underground stems Characteristics of Ferns have vascular tissuesvascular tissues (transport & support) DampDamp & shadyshady places Spore-producing organSpore-producing organ on the underside of leaves (reproduction)
- 14. Male cones (in clusters) Female cones (scattered)
- 15. roots, woody stems Characteristics of GymnospermsCharacteristics of Gymnosperms needle-shaped leaves tall evergreen trees cones with reproductive structures dry places vascular tissues (transport) naked seeds in female cones
- 16. 2 groups2 groups MonocotyledonsMonocotyledons DicotyledonsDicotyledons Flowering Plants roots, stems, leaves vascular tissues (transport) flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
- 18. one seed-leaf Characteristics of MonocotyledonsCharacteristics of Monocotyledons leaves have parallel veins herbaceous plants e.g. grass, maize
- 20. two seed-leaves Characteristics of DicotyledonsCharacteristics of Dicotyledons leaves have veins in network e.g. trees, sunflower, rose
- 21. Plant ClassificationPlant Classification Non-flowering Plants Flowering Spore- bearing Naked seeds No roots with roots Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms 1 seed- leaf 2 seed- leaves Monocots Dicots