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METAL DETECTING
AND OBSTACLE
AVOIDANCE
AUTONOMOUS
ROBOT
OVERVIEW
 Objective
 Expected output
 Hardware and software Requirements
 Module description
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 References
OBJECTIVE
 The main objective of our project is to build a robotic
vehicle that can sense metals ahead of it and to pick it
and place it in a pre-estimated place.
Expected Output
It scans the nearby area for obstacles.
If no obstacle is detected ,Robot moves forward while
scanning for metals.
If metals are detected, it collects them.
Hardware & Software
Requirements
Hardware Software
Robot Chassis Arduino IDE
DC motors Fritzing
Motor Driver MS-Powerpoint
Arduino Uno
Ultrasonic sensor
Servo Motors
Castor wheel
Pvc pipes, round block
Inductive proximity sensor(M30)
Electromagnet
Batteries
Ultrasonic
sensor
Metal
Detector
Electromag
net
Motor
Driver
H-Bridge
Motor
Motor
ARDUINO
C
Arduino
Uno
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Circuit Diagram
The project is divided into modules for better
understanding of the circuit. The modules include
 Arduino Uno Microcontroller Board
Motor Control Driver
Metal Detector
Ultrasonic Sensor
Motor Control Driver
 It is a dual H-bridge driver
designed to drive dc
motors.
 It controls the speed and
direction of each DC
motors independently
using the micro controller.
 It uses L293D IC to
control the dc motor
 It is powered by an external
power supply of 5v to 12v.
Operation of Motor Driver
 L293D has 2 sets of arrangements
where one set has input 1 and output
2 and other set has input 3,input
4,output 3 and output 4
 If enable 1 and pin number 2 are
high leaving pin number 7 as low
then motor rotates in forward
direction, vice-versa for reverse
direction.
 If enable 2 and pin number 10 are
high leaving pin 15 as low then
motor rotates in forward direction,
vice-versa for reverse direction.
Microcontroller
CPU RAM ROM
I/O
PORTS
TIMER Serial
Com
Ports
 It is a smaller computer
 It has on-chip
RAM,ROM,I/O ports
Arduino Uno Microcontroller
Microcontroller - Atmega328
Operating voltage - 5v
Pin count - 28
Input Voltage - 7-12v
Digital I/O pins - 14(6 pwm)
Analog Input Pins - 6
Current per I/O pins - 40mA
Current for 3.3 v pins - 50mA
Flash memory - 32KB
SRAM - 2KB
EEPROM - 1KB
Clock Speed - 16 MHz
Ultrasonic Sensor
 Ultrasonic sensor
generates high frequency
sound waves and evaluate
the echo which is received
back by the sensor.
 It measures the time
interval between sending
and receiving the echo to
determine the distance to
an object.
 It detects the distance of
the closest object in front
of the sensor(from 2cm to
3m).
Servo Motors
It is used to mount ultrasonic
sensor.
2 servo motors are used to
control the arm.
 It has 3 pins
Vcc, ground, control signal.
Arm
Control
Two servo motors are used
to control the arm.
Sweep Servo motor is used to
scan metals .
Flip Servo motor is used to pick
the metals.
Metal Detector
It is an inductive proximity sensor.
It consists of 3 pins.
Vcc (pink),Ground(blue),control(black)
electromagnet
 It is a 1.5 kg lifting electromagnet.
 It has two pins.
 It is controlled by H-bridge.
ADVANTAGES
Provide safety to the bomb disposal squad by
providing an extra line of defence.
Reduced amount of operator errors.
Can be made to perform even the most dangerous
tasks without concern.
Can operate without human assistance(i.e.
autonomous)
DISADVANTAGES
Precise programming needed.
It doesn’t possess pre-programmed path.
Robot doesn’t distinguish between small and large
pieces of metal.
Limited stability
IMPROVEMENTS
Stability can be improved by using 4 wheel
configuration.
Live video feedback could be implemented.
Chain drive can be used to improve the motion of
robot in terrain.
FLOWCHART
http://www.arduino.cc
THANK YOU

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Autonomous metal search,collect and collision avoidance robot

  • 2. OVERVIEW  Objective  Expected output  Hardware and software Requirements  Module description  Advantages and Disadvantages  References
  • 3. OBJECTIVE  The main objective of our project is to build a robotic vehicle that can sense metals ahead of it and to pick it and place it in a pre-estimated place.
  • 4. Expected Output It scans the nearby area for obstacles. If no obstacle is detected ,Robot moves forward while scanning for metals. If metals are detected, it collects them.
  • 5. Hardware & Software Requirements Hardware Software Robot Chassis Arduino IDE DC motors Fritzing Motor Driver MS-Powerpoint Arduino Uno Ultrasonic sensor Servo Motors Castor wheel Pvc pipes, round block Inductive proximity sensor(M30) Electromagnet Batteries
  • 8. The project is divided into modules for better understanding of the circuit. The modules include  Arduino Uno Microcontroller Board Motor Control Driver Metal Detector Ultrasonic Sensor
  • 9. Motor Control Driver  It is a dual H-bridge driver designed to drive dc motors.  It controls the speed and direction of each DC motors independently using the micro controller.  It uses L293D IC to control the dc motor  It is powered by an external power supply of 5v to 12v.
  • 10. Operation of Motor Driver  L293D has 2 sets of arrangements where one set has input 1 and output 2 and other set has input 3,input 4,output 3 and output 4  If enable 1 and pin number 2 are high leaving pin number 7 as low then motor rotates in forward direction, vice-versa for reverse direction.  If enable 2 and pin number 10 are high leaving pin 15 as low then motor rotates in forward direction, vice-versa for reverse direction.
  • 11. Microcontroller CPU RAM ROM I/O PORTS TIMER Serial Com Ports  It is a smaller computer  It has on-chip RAM,ROM,I/O ports
  • 12. Arduino Uno Microcontroller Microcontroller - Atmega328 Operating voltage - 5v Pin count - 28 Input Voltage - 7-12v Digital I/O pins - 14(6 pwm) Analog Input Pins - 6 Current per I/O pins - 40mA Current for 3.3 v pins - 50mA Flash memory - 32KB SRAM - 2KB EEPROM - 1KB Clock Speed - 16 MHz
  • 13. Ultrasonic Sensor  Ultrasonic sensor generates high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor.  It measures the time interval between sending and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object.  It detects the distance of the closest object in front of the sensor(from 2cm to 3m).
  • 14. Servo Motors It is used to mount ultrasonic sensor. 2 servo motors are used to control the arm.  It has 3 pins Vcc, ground, control signal.
  • 15. Arm Control Two servo motors are used to control the arm. Sweep Servo motor is used to scan metals . Flip Servo motor is used to pick the metals.
  • 16. Metal Detector It is an inductive proximity sensor. It consists of 3 pins. Vcc (pink),Ground(blue),control(black)
  • 17. electromagnet  It is a 1.5 kg lifting electromagnet.  It has two pins.  It is controlled by H-bridge.
  • 18. ADVANTAGES Provide safety to the bomb disposal squad by providing an extra line of defence. Reduced amount of operator errors. Can be made to perform even the most dangerous tasks without concern. Can operate without human assistance(i.e. autonomous)
  • 19. DISADVANTAGES Precise programming needed. It doesn’t possess pre-programmed path. Robot doesn’t distinguish between small and large pieces of metal. Limited stability
  • 20. IMPROVEMENTS Stability can be improved by using 4 wheel configuration. Live video feedback could be implemented. Chain drive can be used to improve the motion of robot in terrain.