This document describes a student project to create an Android-controlled car that can detect humans. The project uses a PIR sensor to detect humans, an ultrasonic sensor to detect obstacles, and a Bluetooth module to control the car remotely from an Android phone. The car is built using an Arduino Mega microcontroller and includes DC motors, a motor driver, and other hardware. The goal is to design a system that can detect humans for security purposes and transmit a live video stream of its surroundings.

1. Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Project Name: Android Controller Human Detection Car
Course no: ECE-3200
3rd year 2nd semester
Course Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Md. Osman Goni
Group member:
1. Md. Tarifuzzaman (1209004)
2. Aditi Bose (1209046)
3.Md.Mintu Pk (1209050)

2. Table of contents
1. Introduction
 Abstract
 Background
 Objective
2. Key factors on the project
 Human Detection
 Useing in jewelry stores, banks
 Detect object tracking it’s distance
3. Design Approach
4. Hardware
 Arduino Mega
 Dc motor
 Dc motor driver
 Obstacle sensor
 Blutooth Module
 Pir sensor
 Camera
 Android phone
 Laptop
 Power supply
5. Software
 Arduino software
 Bluetooth controller
6. ProjectDemonstration
7. Cost
8. Application
9. Future plan
10. References and Attachments

3. 1. INTRODUCTION:
Abstract :
The main aim of Human Detection Robotis to design a android controlled Robotwhich can detect live
humans and give a signal when detect human and tracking location by live streaming . It can also be
used in war fields and places where disaster has occurred. Human detection is also required in
hazardous sectorslike boilers, reactors where onlyauthorized person canenter. The live body sensor in
this projectis a specialtype of sensor known as PIR sensor. Any alive body with a temperature above
absolute temperature emits radiations which are invisible to the normal eye. It senses these passive
infrared rays to detect the live human. Human identity is carried out using a Human live detection
sensor. The PIRsensor is used to detectthe motion in any kind and will inform to micro controller. In
this project we are using Altrasonic sensor to detect obstacle . we use bluetooth module to control
robot by android mobile. We use camera to tracking location by video streaming .
Keywords-- PIR sensor, Altrasonic sensor , Bluetooth module , camera.
Background
In these days there are a lot of robberies happening, so we need more security. The security system
commonly used is ordinary surveillance camera it provides visual images but the ordinary
surveillance camera cannot notify the user instantly about unauthorized presence. To overcome
robbery and to notify the user as quicklyas possible we developed a robot that can detect human. As
the robot can detectthe human it is named HumanDetectionRobot. This robotcan be usedin jewelry
stores, banks, etc. to provide security after hours. It can also be used in earthquake areas to find
victims and also in army to detect the opponent. The proposed system uses a PIR sensor in order to
detectthe motion of living humans. The simulatedrobotis assumed to havethe capability to determine
its current location in real-time, to wirelessly communicate with the rescue team, and to locally store
the status and location information aboutthe trapped victims in case the wireless communications link
is temporarily disconnected.Traditionally, equipped robots faced a lot of problems (i) A very high
communication cost was incurred due to the large number of transmitted images to the operator. (ii)
More than 25% of the communications between Wireless robot and the control unit was extremely
noisy and therefore was useless.This eventually led to a loss of communication between the robots and

4. the operator. As a result, the robots stopped working totally. (iii) A very high processing cost is also
incurred by the Capturing, storing, and transmitting a large number of images. The Pyro electric
devices, such as the PIRsensor, have elements madeof a crystalline material that generates an electric
charge when exposed to infrared radiation. The PIR Sensor requires a „warm-up‟ time in order to
function properly. This is due to the settling time involved in „learning‟its environment.This could be
anywhere from 1-2 Minutes. After this warm up time, sensor will be ready to use.
Objective
We want to design a kind of system which can detect human. The system consists of these parts:
a) Sensor Part—used to detect human and detect movement of target measure the distance
b) Processing Part—used to control car and to transmit and receive video
c) Server –used to show live streaming
2. Key factors on the project:
Human Detection :
The human detection robotprojectinvolves detectinglive personaldetectionand is basedon an
arduino. A PIR sensor is used to detect the human beings and the project is primarily used to rescue
people stuck in debris during earthquake. It basically brings the humans stuck under debris to the
surface, thereby saving them effectively.
Using in jewelry stores, banks :
The main aim of the project is to design a system for alerting any theft and to auto arrest the theft in
museums and jewelry shops. Nowadays everyone knows what type of security we need, security in
almost all the cases. But even after taking care we are still unsatisfied with the security which we
provide by our self. So as the technology is growing we are implementing new ideas over security
purpose. In this project we are using PIR sensor which is used to detect Human motion, whenever
someone wants to steal the jewel which is present in the shopping mall then the thief will be
automatically arrested with the help of some human detecting sensors and the doors will be
automatically closed, leaving the thief inside the jewelry shop andgives the intimation to the owner of

5. that shopping mall through RF communication. The LED will be ‘on’ for indicating that
someone is arrested and at the same time the display will also be shown at the receiver
section.
Detect object tracking it’s distance :
For a robotic car to follow a moving target, the robotic car should have the capability of
first detecting the target and then measuring its position and velocity. This paper proposes
a new solution for this problem, using the virtual ultrasonic image which is simply
constructed by accumulating the returned ultrasonic signal along the time axis for a certain
number of measurement periods.when the car get obstacle within 10 cm then it
automatically stop.

6. 3. Design Approach
The following block diagram shows the sketch how we design the system
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THIS PROJECT

7. 4. Hardware
4.1 Arduino Mega 2560 :
The Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. It has 54 digital input/output
pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a
16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It
contains everythingneededto supportthe microcontroller;simply connectitto a computer with a USB
cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Mega 2560 board is
compatible with mostshields designed for the Uno and the former boards Duemilanove or Diecimila.
Programming
The Mega 2560 board can be programmed with the arduino software adk .The ATmega2560 on the
Mega 2560 comes preprogrammed with a bootloader thatallows you to upload new code to it without
the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500 protocol
Power
The Mega 2560 can be poweredvia the USBconnectionor with an external power supply. The power
source is selected automatically. External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC
adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected byplugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug
into the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the GND and Vin pin headers of
the POWER connector. The board canoperate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with
less than 7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board maybecome unstable.
If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheatand damage the board. The recommended
range is 7 to 12 volts.
Memory
The ATmega2560 has 256 KB of flash memory for storing code (of which 8 KB is used for the
bootloader), 8 KB of SRAM and 4 KB of EEPROM

8. Physical Characteristics and Shield Compatibility
The maximum length and width of the Mega 2560 PCB are 4 and 2.1 inches respectively, with the
USBconnector and power jack extending beyond the former dimension. Three screw holes allow the
board to be attached to a surface or case. Note thatthe distance betweendigital pins 7 and 8 is 160 mil
(0.16"), not an even multiple of the 100 mil spacing of the other pins location .
4.2 Dc motor
A DC motor is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current electrical power into
mechanicalpower. The mostcommon types rely onthe forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all
types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to
periodically change the direction of current flow in part of the motor. Most types produce rotary
motion; a linear motor directly produces force and motion in a straight line.
4.3 DC MOTOR DRIVE:
Whenever a robotics hobbyist talk about making a robot, the first thing comes to his mind is
making the robot move on the ground. And there are always two options in front of the
designer whether to use a DC motor or a stepper motor. When it comes to speed, weight, size,
cost... DC motors are always preferred over stepper motors. There are many things which you
can do with your DC motor when interfaced with a microcontroller. For example you can

9. control the speed of motor; you can control the direction of rotation.
4.4 OBOSTACLE SENSOR
Ultrasonic transducers are transducers thatconvert ultrasound waves to electricalsignals or vice versa.
Those that both transmit and receive may also be called ultrasound transceivers; many ultrasound
sensors besides beingsensorsare indeedtransceivers becausethey can both sense and transmit. These
devices work on a principle similar to that of transducers used in radar and sonar systems, which
evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves, respectively.
Active ultrasonic sensors generate high-frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is
received back by the sensor, measuringthe time intervalbetween sending the signal and receiving the
echo to determine the distance to an object. Passive ultrasonic sensors are basically microphones that
detect ultrasonic noise that is present under certain conditions, convert it to an electrical signal, and
report it to a computer.
Ultar Sonic sensor

10. 4.5 Blutooth Module :
Bluetooth wireless technology is a 2.4GHz ISM-band open industry standard for short range
wireless communication, which is capable of voice and data transfer (up to 723 kbps data transfer
in ACL link or up to 3 simultaneous voice connections in SCO links in a piconet).
In this document, the SEMCO-Bluetoth Modules are presented, which consists of RF, baseband,
and link manager protocol together with Host Controller Interface(HCI) / HCI-UART functionality
implemented according to the Bluetooth specification version 1.1.
SEMCO-Bluetoth Modules are designed for use as an universal Bluetooth module compliant for
the Bluetooth specification version 1.1, which can be applied to hand-held phones, PDAs,
headsets, PCs and PC-peripherals, et cetera for wireless voice and data communication.
SEMCO-Bluetoth Modules or Evaluation Board Demo Kits are available by Samsung
Electro-Mechanics for development.
4.6 PIR SENSOR :
All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit heat energy in the form of radiation. Usually
this radiation is invisible to the human eye because it radiates at infrared wavelengths, but it can be
detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose.
The term passive in this instance refers to the fact that PIR devices do not generate or radiate any
energy for detection purposes. They work entirely by detecting the energy given off by other
objects. PIR sensors don't detect or measure "heat"; instead they detect the infrared radiation
emitted or reflected from an object.

11. 5. Software
5.1 Arduino software
It is the most complicated part of this experiment. We get the detailed tutorial from
http://arduino.cc/en/main/software. There’re four kinds of operating system for you to choose.
Basically, the software helps us input the code into the arduino board, which shows the pir sensorAs
shown in figure 9, after placing the folder into the libraries folder, we should be able to access all the
amarino files through the arduino programming environment and then open the code in arduino
board.
6. PROJECT DEMONSTRATION:
From the demonstration we can see that our alcohol detecting system has the following advantages:
1. The materials are cheap and are easy to acquire. The cost of this system is one of the important factors we are
considering. Because if we want to popularize this system, we should make it as cheap as possible so that every
driver can afford of this useful system.
2. It doesn’t some large measuring instruments which mean it can be made small enough and can be put into
production without any challenging technological problems.
3. We used the Bluetooth module. It can realize the wireless communication. It is a significant design because we can
Android Controller Human Detection Car

12. 7.Cost:
8. Application
Followingarethe main applications of this Human Detection Robot.
a ) Human detection robot can be used at the time of natural calamities to save the lives of human.
b ) This can also beused to detect the humans in the war field.
c ) This can be used for security purposein the jewellery shops,museums.
ITEM QUANTITY TYPE/MODEL PRICE
1.Arduino 01 Mega -2560 900/=
2.Dc motor 02 6V 200/=
3.Modor driver 01 L298N 440/=
4.Wheel 02 100/=
5.Battery 01 7.5V 1000/=
6.Bluetooth module 01 SC06 640/=
7.PIRsensor 01 SC-SR501 184/=
8.Sonar sensor 01 SCSR04 175/=
9.Camera 01 640*480 CMOS 1075
10.LED 01 5/=
TOTAL= 4719/=

13. 9. Limitation
10. Future plan
a) We will add wheels which are suitablefor trough and terrain surfaces.
b) Adding GSM and GPS to locateand tracking human.
c) Use Fresnel PIR which work at 360 degree.
d) After detection rescue system to human.
Reference:
 [1] Fahed Awad, Rufaida Shamroukh “Human Detection by Robotic Urban Search and Rescue
Using Image Processing and Neural Networks” International Journal of Intelligence Science, 2014,
PP. 4, 39-53. [2] Chris Cappello, Chad Olsen, Mike Auen “Remote Operated and Controlled
Hexapod (ROACH) Robot, Rescue Robot League Competition Atlanta, Georgia, USAMay 7 – 10,
2005. [3] R. Fuksis, M. Greitans, E. Hermanis “Motion Analysis and Remote Control System using
Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors” IEEE, 2008. No. 6(86), PP. 69-72. [4] Amerada, T., Yams, T.,
Igarashit, H., & Matsunos, F. “Development of the Snake-like Rescue Robot KOHGA” IEEE, 2004,
PP. 5081- 5086. [5] Sandeep Bhatia,Ajay Mudgil and Amita Soni “Alive Human Detection Using an
Autonomous Mobile Rescue Robot”, Department of Electrical And Electronics, PEC University of
Technology, Chandigarh, India Vol. 02, July 2010