Assignment 2 - Jaya Shopping Centre

School of Architecture, Building & Design
August 2016 semester Page 1
BUILDING SERVICES 2 (BLD 60503)
Group Assignment
Assignment Title: A Case Study on Jaya Shopping Centre
Student Name: ID No:
1. Pang Kai Yun 0319802
2. Sam Wei Yin 0320364
3. Trace Gew Yee 0320269
4. Yeo Kai Wen 0319844
5. Heng Chun Hui 0329804
Lecturer: Mr Tan Hee Chai
Date of Submission: 9 December 2016
Word Count: 7816 words

CONTENT
NO. Content Page Number
1. Introduction 3
2. Mechanical Ventilation and Air-Conditioning System 5
3. Fire Protection System 23
4. Vertical Transportation System 53
5. Electrical Power Supply System 69
6. Conclusion 85
7. Bibliography 86

INTRODUCTION
Jaya Shopping Centre was formerly known as Jaya Supermarket, the first shopping
complex in Petaling Jaya (PJ) that was built in 1974. It was closed in 2009 for redevelopment
and reopened to public in 2014 The mall is located at Jalan Semangat, Section 14, 46100
Petaling Jaya, Selangor.
Location of Jaya Shopping Centre

The new Jaya Shopping Centre has become a PJ landmark and favourite
neighborhood shopping place. The mall which has a net lettable area of 24,000 m2, feature a
mix of 150 retail outlets spread out over seven floors. This will include dining options,
supermarket and conveniences, cinema and entertainment outlets as well as sportswear,
fashion, children’s toys and gift shops. It will also offer beauty and wellness spas, electronics
and gadgets shops and a banking hall. Besides that, there is another 1 storey above the
retail outlets for the management office and services need. The mall also provides 780
parking bays spread out over four levels of basement car parks. In total, the mall consists of
12 storeys.
Jaya Shopping Centre is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mapletree Investments Pte.
Ltd., Singapore’s leading Asia-focused real estate and capital management company.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM
Mechanical Ventilation
Wall Fan
There are a numbers of wall fans which is located at the level 6 of the shopping mall.
The location is used to ventilate the worker’s canteen area. The wall fan is installed on the
column and provide the ventilation to the workers. The fan do not provide real ventilation
as they do not provide the fresh air. It is used for circulating the air within a space.
Wall fan
Propeller Fan
A propeller fan is found in the chiller room at the high level of the wall. The purpose
of installing the propeller fan in the chiller room is to reduce the heat which produce by the
chiller machine.
Propeller fan

Exhaust Fan
An exhaust fan is found at the Level 6 of the worker’s canteen area which is
connected to the ducting. It is installed on the It's purpose is to maintain good indoor air
quality and ventilate the air flow, since they remove odours, excess moisture and grease
also combustion products from cooking of the kitchen area.
Exhaust fan

Air-Conditioning System
There are two main cycles which involved in air-conditioning system which are
refrigerant cycle and air cycle. Refrigerant cycle is a process which removes the heat of a
space to outside in order to maintain a cool comfort room temperature of a space whereas
air cycle is a process which distributed the conditioned air into the space of the room.
There are four main components of this system which comprises chiller, cooling
tower, air-handling unit (AHU).
Chiller is produce of chilled water in this system, and the chiller has two main
cylinders which are evaporator and condenser. Evaporator is the one where the cold chilled
water is collected to AHU whereas condenser is where the heat is collected and sent to the
cooling tower. The chilled water leaves the evaporator is pumped out by the pump and it is
sent to the AHU. The chilled water is pumped down to every floor of AHU unit. Air handling
unit’s purpose is to take the warm air within the building flow. The AHU distribute the cool
conditioned air through ductworks to various point of the buildings to where it’s needed.
The warm air is then collected and send back to the evaporator to the chiller. The warm
condenser water enters the cooling tower. It is sprayed and run on the inside of the cooling
tower is collected the bottom running the opposite direction. The air is being pulled by
those fan. The fan pulled the ambient air outside of the building into the cooling tower. So
the warm condenser water will lose some heat and the air entering through the louvered.
Once the temperature is cooling and it is collected at the bottom. It is then send back to the
condenser pump and that is send through the chiller.
The water tanks, cooling towers, chillers and air pump are located at the roof level
which is Level 6 of the Jaya Shopping mall.

Water Tank
The water tank usually located at the rooftop level of the building. Also, it is near to
the cooling tower.
The water tank is in blue colour and it is made from hard plastics. If there is any
water loss because of the cooling tower’s operation and maintenance this will occur
condense water system. The water from the water tank is being pump to supply the water
to the cooling tower through the piping system.
The water tank which is found on the rooftop level of Jaya Shopping Mall.
Cooling Tower
There are total number of 4 cooling towers which is located on the rooftop level. The
cooling towers used TX-S Series Cooling Tower from Truwater® which serves for saving
space, light weight, low operating cost and energy saving low noise.
The function of the cooling tower is to reduce the temperature of the water in the
chiller system by removing the heat which is absorbed by chiller through evaporation.
There’s a fan inside of the cooling tower which is used to cool and reduce the heat. Also,

they need to connect to the water tank in order to replace the water loss by the process of
evaporation. The louvers of the cooling tower are made up of asbestos sheet, it is used to
maintain circulating water and distribute the airflow into the cooling tower equally.
Cooling tower
The inside view of the cooling tower’s top, the fan.

The inside view of the cooling tower’s below which is known as basin.
The Louvers of the cooling tower.

This meter is used to check whether the cooling tower is working or not.
The CHWR (chilled water return) and CHWS (chilled water supply).
MS 1525: 2007
8.5 All pipe installed to serve buildings and within buildings should be adequately insulated
to prevent excessive energy losses. Additional insulation with vapor barriers may be
required to prevent condensation under some condition.

Chiller Plant
On the roof level, there’s a room which is chiller plant. It consists of 4 chilled water
pump (3 for shopping mall whereas 1 for cinema), control panel or switchboard, ductworks.
Its location is accessible for the maintenance as it is next to the management office of the
Jaya Shopping Centre Mall.
The room for the chiller plant is used for the water that is chilled and conditioned is
then distributed via ductwork to the air handling unit (AHU).
The view of the chiller plant room.

The view of the chiller room.
Chiller
In the chiller plant room, consists of 4 chilled water pump sets which are primary
chilled water pump, secondary chilled water pump and condenser pump. There are 3 chilled
pump set units usually operate it in the daytime morning whereas the one chilled pump set
unit operate in the night this is due to reduce the energy consumption. The reason why they
use one chiller pump set unit have to operate at night it is because of the heat flow of the
human traffic and it is used for the cinema purpose only.
Although the appearance for the secondary chilled water pump and condense water
pump is similar, there’s a difference between them. The one got installation is chilled water
pump whereas the one which don’t have the installation which is condense water pump.
The chiller water pump in the chiller plant room which is used to pump to circulate the
chilled water to the chiller and then distributed to AHU’s. The condense water is pumped to
cooling tower from chiller in order to reject the heat release from chiller.

The primary chilled water pump.
Secondary Chilled water pump on the right, Condenser water pump on the left

A computing system which can check the working of the chilled system.
A view of the pipe of the water pump, CDWS (condense water supply), CDWR (Condense
water return) and CHWR (Chilled water return).

MS 1525: 2007
8.2.2 Where the chillers are used and design load is greater than 1000 kWr, a minimum of
two chillers or a single multi compressor chiller should be provided to meet the require
load.
8.5 All pipe installed to serve buildings and within buildings should be adequately
insulated to prevent excessive energy losses. Additional insulation with vapor barriers may
be required to prevent condensation under some condition.
8.7.1 High pressure and medium pressure ducts should be leak tested in accordance with
HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual published by SMACNA or any other equivalent
standards, with the rate of leakage not to exceed the maximum rate specified.
Control Unit
The control unit for the primary chiller water pump, secondary chilled water pump
and condenser are also located in the chiller room. There are 4 control units which is used to
control each of the chiller water pump sets it is near to the chiller as it can be much
accessible for the operation maintenance work for the maintenance. There’s a reading
machine which is used to detect the temperature of the chiller water pump and the
condense water.
The first reading is for the chiller water, second reading is for the condense water
whereas the third reading is for the oil pressure.

The view for the control unit in the chiller room.
One of the control unit which used to determine the temperature of the water in the system.

MS 1525: 2007
8.3.1 Zone which are expected to operate non-simultaneously for more than 750 hours
per year should be served by separate air distribution system. As an alternative off- hour
controls should be provided in accordance with 8.4.4
8.4.4.1 ACMV system should be equipped with automatic control capable of accomplishing
a reduction of energy use for example through equipment shutdown during periods of non-
use or alternative use of the spaces served by the system.
Air Handling Unit
The Air Handling Unit is placed at each floor of the shopping mall which means that
every floor has Air Handling Unit Room. There are total number of 14 of AHU units which 2
units for each floor. One AHU unit distribute the conditioned air to the upper floor whereas
another AHU unit distributed to lower floor. The reasons that they installed two AHU units
at each floor is that they need to distribute the air equally to throughout the building. The
AHU is kept inside the AHU room with other component like conditioned air intake ducts
and returning air ducts.
We found out that Jaya Shopping centre mall used Incline- Supply Mixed Air type of
the AHU.
AHU unit is a central air conditioner station which handle the air and distribute into
the buildings by ventilation ductwork. The size of AHU is usually large metal casing box
connected with the duct which surrounded by tin ore material. Inside of the AHU room
consists of two unit AHU and the control panel

A computing system that checks the working of the AHU.
The structure of the AHU which distribute the air to lower ground floor

The structure of the AHU which distribute the air to upper floor.
The control unit which control the power of the AHU.

Ductwork and Diffuser
The ductwork is used to distribute the supply air and return air to the shopping mall.
The ducts are manufactured from tin ore which is in the silver colour.
Ductwork
For the diffuser, Jaya shopping mall had used the round diffuser, small linear, square
diffuser to distribute the conditioned air from the AHU.
Round diffuser

Small linear diffuser
Square diffuser

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
Active Type Fire Protection System
Active type fire protection system is design to detect and suppress the fire. Active
type is a system can be manually and automatically detect of any fire. The system including
sprinkler system, dry and wet riser system, hose real system, portable fire extinguishers, fire
alarm, detection systems and smoke and fumes control. This is the flow chart of fire
protection system of Jaya shopping Centre.
Fire detection
Smoke detection
Fire alarm
Central command center
Active Fire protection system
Pump room
Wet riser and hose reel

Sprinkler
Gas suppression system (Electrical Room)
Portable Fire Extinguisher
Fire Alarm System
Smoke Detection
Smoke detector is one of the component in fire alarm system. It is a device to detect
the fire. There is a wide opening under the smoke detector. There are two type of smoke
detector. The smoke detector used by Jaya Shopping Centre is optical smoke detector.
There is an infrared light beam in the smoke detector. The function of the infrared light
beam is to generate electricity of the photocell. When there is a fire break out the smoke
will block the infrared light beam for shooting to the photocell. Thus, no electricity is
generated and the circuit will send signal to the alarm bell to alert the main control room.
UBBL 1984 Section 225(1)
Every building shall be provided with means of detecting and extinguisher fire and alarms
together with illuminated exit signs in accordance with the requirements as specified in the
tenth schedule to these by-laws.

Smoke Detector
Alarm Bell
Alarm bell was one of the component of fire alarm system. The alarm bell is installed
on the wall. When it receive the signal sent from the smoke detector, it will ring. The sound
of the alarm bell is loud enough to meet the UBBL requirement. The alarm will reset at the
main control panel.
UBBL 1984 Section 237
Alarm bell must be provide a minimum sound of level 65db (A) or +5db (A) above any
background noises, which is likely to persist for more than 30 seconds.
Alarm Bell

Sprinkler System
Sprinkle Head
Sprinkler head is the head of the sprinkler. It is install below the ceiling. The glass
that cover the sprinkler head will break when the air temperature rise above normal
temperature. Water will spray out by sprinkler to extinguish the fire. Once the fire is
completely put off, the sprinkler head has to be replace. Sprinkler head in Jaya shopping
Centre is different from the sprinkler head at carpark area. The sprinkler head inside the
mall was installed in the ceiling and cover by a cover for aesthetic view. Besides, the
distance of alternative sprinkler head at Jaya Shopping Centre is 8ft to 10ft. There are also
sprinkler head under the escalator.
UBBL 1984 Section 25 (2)
All sprinkler system shall be electricity connected to the nearest fire station to provide
immediate and automatic relay of the alarm when activated. There is a pump at every floor
of the mall.
Sprinkler head

The sprinkler head installed under escalator.
Butterfly valve
Butterfly valve was one of the component of the sprinkler valve system. It used to
control the flow of water of the sprinkler. UBBL- SECTION 25 (2) states that Sprinkler Valves
shall be located in a safe and enclosed position on the exterior wall and shall be readily
accessible to the Fire Authority.

Pump Room
The pump room is located at the basement of the Jaya Shopping Centre. The
function of the pump room. Pump are requires for every building to provide an adequate
supply of water. There are three different pump inside pump room which are Jockey pump,
Duty pump and standby pump
Main water storage tanks within the building, other than for the hose reel system, shall be
located at ground, first or second basement levels, with fire brigade pumping inlet
connection accessible to fire appliances.
Jockey pump
The function of Jockey pump is to maintain the pressure of the Sprinkler piping
system. The jockey pump will active when the pressure of the sprinkler pipes decrease. This
could ensure the pressure in the sprinkler pipe is always enough.
Jockey pump

Standby pump
Standby pump will start it job when the duty pump did not function when the
pressure drop to 60psi. The function of it is same as the duty pump.
Standby pump
Duty Pump
Duty pump will automatic on when the pressure in pipe drop to 60psi. There is an
electric motor in the duty pump to pump the water to the sprinkler system.
Duty pump

Sprinkler set in pump room. The tag hang on it show when does each pipe work and stop
woeking acccording to the pressure of the pipe.
The valve that control the flow of the water in Jaya shopping Centre. This valve can be found
at every basement.

Water Tank
Water tank show in figure 2.4.2 is located in the pump room. The function of this
pump room act as a water storage for the sprinkler system, hose reel system and wet riser
system. Besides, it also provide water for other system in the shopping centre. The water
source of water tank is come from the SYABAS. The water pipe of SYABAS is located outside
the shopping mall. . Next, a water level indicator as shown in figure 2.4.1 is also installed in
the water tank. It is used to measure the water level in the water storage tank.
1. Water storage capacity and water flow rate for the firefighting system and installation
shall be provided in accordance with the scale as set out in the tenth schedule to these
by-laws.
2. Storage tank for automatic sprinkler installation where full capacity if provided without
the need for replenishment shall be exempted from the restrictions in their locations.
Water level indicator Water tank

Wet Riser System
The component of the wet riser system including a wet riser tank and wet riser
pump. The wet riser pump is located at the pump room at basement 1. The wet riser pump
also located at the basement too. The wet riser pump is driven by electrical motor. Each set
of pump are connected to jockey, duty and standby pump. The pumps is control by pressure
switch. The operation of pump is show as the table below.
Pump sets Cut-In Pressure (Psi) Cut-Out Pressure (Psi)
Jockey Pump 190 Psi 230 Psi
Duty Pump 140 Psi 230 Psi
Standby Pump 125 Psi 230 Psi
Wet Riser Pump
Wet Riser is installed in a building for fire-fighting purpose. Wet riser pump is used to
pump water from water tank to wet riser.
1. Wet rising system shall be provided in every building in which the top most floor is more
than 30.5 meters above the fire appliance access level.
2. A hose connection shall be provided in each firefighting access lobby.

Wet riser pump at pump room
Hose Reel system
Hose Reel Drum
The type of hose reel drum used at Jaya Shopping mall is Sri Fire Hose reel. This hose
reel had the meet the British standard Institution and Australian Standard.With vigorous
inspection and testing, SRI Fire Hose Reel is reliable and is at the highest standards (SRI, n.d).
The diameter of the stop valve is 25mm conforming to BS1218.The open and shut position is
fixed on the wheel spindle of the valve and the direction of flow is marked on the body.
Besides, there was also a hose reel drum beside the lift and staircase.
UBBL 1984 Section 244 (c)
Hose reel shall be located at every 45 meters (depends on the building form).Besides, fire
hose reel should be located at the strategic places in buildings, especially nearer to
firefighting access lobbies in order to provide a reasonably accessible and controlled supply
of water for fire extinguishing.

Hose reel
Hose Reel Drum Pump
Hose Reel pump also located at the basement of the building. Just like wet riser,
hose reel also have hose reel pump to ensure the water from ground floor can pump up
easily. There were also a table hung beside the hose reel pump to show the pressure
needed for hose reel pump to operate.
Hose reel pump in the fire pump room located at basement

Carbon Dioxide Fire Suppression System
Carbon dioxide fire suppression system is found in electricity room such as TNB
room, high voltage room, low voltage room and transformer room. The reason of using
carbon dioxide at all this rooms are because carbon dioxide can extinguish fire faster than
water and it is low cost to install compare to water type. Table below show the capacity in
each room that had high hazard rate.
Area Protection Location Carbon Dioxide Quantity
Genset Room Lower Ground 12 x 45kg CO2 cylinder
Low Voltage Switch Room Lower Ground 14 x 45kg CO2 cylinder
Consumer High Tension Room Lower Ground 11 x 45 CO2 cylinder
Chiller High Tension Room Lower Ground 6 x 45 CO2 cylinder
Places constituting special hazards or risks due to the nature of storage, trade, occupancy,
or size shall be required to be protected by fixed installations, protective devices and
systems and special extinguishers as may be required by the Fire Authority.
The operation of carbon dioxide fire suppression system can be operate manually and
automatically.
Automatic Operation
1. When there is a fire break out inside the protected area the alarm sensor at that area is
triggered, alarm located outside the room will active and will ring the bell.

2. At the same time the fire control panel in the main control room will show the affected
zone by flashing of light
3. The green color light of the operation room will change to red color and the fire curtain
will come down to prevent the fire spread to other
4. When the second detector is activated, the second alarm light will start to flash. The
alarm signal is sent to the control room
5. If the system is not switch after 30 second, a 24VDC signal is sent. The carbon dioxide
suppression system will release carbon dioxide immediately
6. Once the CO2 cylinder is fired, all the CO2 in the cylinder will be discharged in 10 seconds
and fill the room with 50% of CO2 concentration.
7. The CO2 will remain in the room until gas is exhaust or ventilated out.
Manual Operation
1. CO2 can be manually discharged when the manual pull station located outside the
protected room. When the manual pull station is pulled, CO2 will be activated instantly.
2. The alarm bell will ring and the damper / fan (optional) will shut down.
3. A signal will be transmitted to the main fire alarm panel to indicate the discharge of the
CO2.

Fire Extinguisher
The type fire extinguisher used in Jaya shopping mall is dry powder type. Fire
extinguisher can be found beside lift area and there is a fire extinguisher inside each shop of
the mall. The fire extinguisher has to send back to the manufactural to be refill.
Fire extinguisher

Fire control room
Fire control room located at Ground Level. The fire control panel can indicate the
source of the fire alarm. When an area is detected fire break out, the bulb on the fire panel
will light up. People in charge in the control room will order the nearest guard on duty to
check on that place. The main control panel is the place to reset the alarm.
Every large premises or building exceeding 30.5 meters in height shall be provided with a
command and control central located on the designated floor and shall contain a panel to
monitor the public address, fire brigade communication, sprinkler, water flow detectors, fire
detection and alarm systems and a direct telephone connection to the appropriate fire
station by-passing the switch board.
The main fire control panel.

Location of Active fire protection system at Level Mezzanine
Location of Active fire protection system at Level 6

Location of Active fire protection system at Ground Level
Location of Active fire protection system at Lower Ground Level

Location of Active fire protection system at Basement 1

Voice Communication and fire switch
Voice communication and fire switch is located at staircase. There is a voice
communication and fire switch at every floor of staircase. The voice communication and fire
switch can only use by fire fighter. The voice communication is actually a telephone for the
fire fighter used to communicate with control room. While fire switch will be turn off when
the fire fighter arrive. When the fire switch is off, there is no electricity in the building. This
could prevent the fire for further spread.
When there is a fire in the mall, glass box is broken and the manual switch is pulled
and the alarm will ring for 30 minutes.
When this happens, an indication on the main fire panel with show where the source
of the alarm is coming from and the BOMBA will be alerted. The person in charge will verify
the fire and if there is a fire, the alarm system in the mall will be activated to evacuate the
building. The BOMBA will come to the building if they have not been updated about the
situation after 30 minutes. This shows that the system is a two stage system
If it was a false alarm, the system is reset by the person in charge and the situation is
reported to BOMBA. After everything, the system is reset.

The voice communication and fire switch located at staircase.

Passive Type Fire Protection System
Passive type system is compartmentalize a building through the use of fire resistance
material such as fire door, assembly point and fire dampers.
Fire Damper
Fire damper is install at every lift lobby and ceiling of podium of the level 5. Fire
damper act as ventilation to suck the smoke out from the building when there is a fire.
Ventilation of staircase enclosures in buildings exceeding 18 metres.
(a) permanent ventilation at the top of the staircase enclosure of not less than 5% of the
area of the enclosure and in addition at suitable intervals in the height of the staircase a
mechanically ventilated shaft to achieve not less than 20 air charges per hour to be
automatically activated by a signal from the fire alarm panel;
Fire damper at the podium of level 5

Fire damper at lift lobby
Fire Rated Door
There are fire rated door at every lift lobby and exist of fire staircase of every floor. It
help to suppress the fire by restricting the flow of oxygen as well as the spread of fire
through the building. The thickness and material of the door will result in the quality of the
fire rated door. There are two type of fire door in Jaya Shopping Centre which is single lift
and double lift. Table below shown the dimension of each door in Jaya Shopping Centre.
Single leaf door 900 mm * 2100 mm
Double leaf door 1600 mm * 2100 mm

(1) All exit door should be openable from the inside without the use of a key or any special
knowledge or effort.
(2) Exit doors shall close automatically when released and all door devices including
magnetic door holders, shall release the doors upon power failure or actuation of the
firm alarm.
Double leaf fire rated door Single panel fire door
.

Emergency Staircase
Fire staircase is used when there is any incident happen in a building such as fire.
When there is break out of fire, all electrical equitment such as lift cannot be used. Besides,
fire staircase in Jaya Shopping Centre is wide enough to prevent accident happen when
emergency escape from mall.
(1) Staircases shall be of such width that in the event of any one staircase not being
available for escape purpose the remaining staircases shall accommodate the highest
occupancy load of any one floor discharging into it calculated in accordance with
provisions in the Seventh Schedule to these Bylaws
Fire Evacuation Route
Jaya shopping centre provide a map for public to refer when there is a fire incident. The
map is pasted at the wall of lift lobby of every floor clearly stated the position of public and
the way to escape via the staircase. There are 5 different route of escape in the shopping
centre while 7 route of escape including the front and back entrance at ground floor.
Except as permitted by by-law 167 not less than two separate exits shall be provided from
each storey together with such additional exits as may be necessary

This diagram show the route of escape in level 1.
This diagram show the route of escape in level 2

Assembly point
Assembly point was a temporary gathering area to ensure if everyone is out of the
building when fire is break out in a building. Appropriate decisions should be made in regard
to continuance of use of the Fire Assembly Points for longer durations. The assembly point
of Jaya Shopping Centre is located in front of the entrance and back door of the shopping
Centre. Assembly point must be at a wide area to ensure it can accommodate a huge
number of people. Besides the location of assembly point must free from any obstacle
objects. Unfortunately, the location of Jaya shopping Centre is at the center of the city.
There area for assembly is not big enough to accommodate large number of people.
Assembly point at Ground Floor Level

VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
Elevator (Lift)
Jaya Shopping Centre have 4 lift located at the lift lobby. The arrangement of the lift
is opposite arrangement which can reduce the waiting time for the lift passengers and save
the cost for installation. The lifts will be function from the level basement 4 until level 6 but
not the mezzanine level because it is the cinema level. Two of the lifts in the shopping
centre will be stop operated at 10pm while the other two will be stopped at 3am together
with HVAC system due to cinema's purpose. Jaya Shopping Centre has achieved the
requirement of Section 124 in UBBL 1984 by providing 5 elevators, 4 passenger lifts and 1
service lift in total of 7 floors and 4 basement levels. Besides that, a lift lobby is provided in
front of the lift as required in Section 152 (1) of UBBL 1984.
For all non-residential buildings exceeding 4 storeys above or below the main access level at
least one lift shall be provided.
Every opening in a lift shaft or lift entrance shall open into a protected lobby unless other
suitable means of protection to the opening to the satisfaction of local authority is provided.
These requirement shall not apply to open type industrial and other special buildings as may
be approved by the D.G.F.S.

The opposite arrangement of the lift
Motor Roomless Lift (MRL)
The model of the lift is Schindler 300P-MRL and it is known as Motor Roomless Lift
(MRL). This lift is more compact and save space compare to the old model lift and it has 3
guide rails in total such as car guide rail, counterweight guide rail and additional guide rail.
On top of the lift core there is hoisting motor of the lift without any fixings.
There is two component from the lift which is drive as the muscle of the lift and control
as the brain of the lift. From the brain of the lift, there will be a switch to control the lift by
manually which is JRH known as the inspection switch. From the inspection switch there is
two switch such as DRH-U switch to control the lift up and DRH-D to control the lift down.
Normally the lift will be function automatically, but we should make sure that the safety line
of the lift must on such as T1, T2, T3A, T3B, T4, and T5, otherwise it will be not operated.

Lift door and the brain of the lift
Besides, there is three relay founded such as JBF relay, self-hold relay and RNO relay
which control the lift down in case of fire. When the lift need to be repaired, the technician
will open the car door by using a triangle key.
JRH, DRH-U, DRH-D, and safety line

JBF relay, self-hold relay and RNO relay
Triangle key
At the car top, there is an inspection board to control the movement of the lift.
However, make sure to sit down or duck when controlling the lift up or down. To control the
temperature inside of the lift core, pillar fan is installed to remove the hot air inside to the
atmosphere. Furthermore, there is thermal state and thermal control to control the
temperature of the lift.

Car top
Hoisting motor
Pillar fan

Chiller
Thermal control
Inspection board

Lift car
For every lift it is only able to carry a load of 1430 kg which is around 21 person in a
car with a travel height of 52.18m which is 12 stories height including Level B4 to B1, lower
ground level, ground level and level 1 to 6. The car speed is 1.75m/s but the car will stopped
by safety gear when it is over-speed. This model of lift is decided to be installed in this
building due to there is limitation space of the building
Lift Car

Internal Lift Components
Floor Request Buttons Operating panel with car position indicator,
an indication of lift number, brief regulations
to be followed by users
External Lift Components
Hall Buttons Car Position Display

Ventilation to lift shafts
Ventilation is provided in the lift car to allow air to flow into the car if emergency
happens. Emergency lighting is also provided inside the lift car.
Where openings to lift shafts are not connected to protected lobbies, such lift shafts shall be
provided with vents of not less than 0.09 square metre per lift located at the top of the
shaft. Where the vent does not discharge directly to the open air the lift shafts shall be
vented to the exterior through a duct of the required FRP as for the lift shafts.
Ventilation in lift car

Smoke detector
To fulfil the requirements of Section 153 in UBBL 1984, smoke detectors is provided
at the lift lobby.
All lift lobbies shall be provided with smoke detectors.
Smoke detector at lift lobby

Escalator
There are total 26 escalator provided in Jaya Shopping Centre. Since the escalators
are located at the centre of the shopping mall, it makes people in the shopping mall easier
to travel from floor to floor. Furthermore, it also makes people move in a same speed and
being carried efficiently from one floor to another.
The arrangement of the escalator from Level 1 to Level 5 are escalators in parallel
arrangement and besides from Level 1 to Ground Floor to Lower Ground Floor and from
Basement Carpark 1 to Basement Carpark 3 are escalators in parallel arrangement with
continuous traffic flow
Side view of escalators in Jaya Shopping Centre
Arrangement of Escalators in Jaya Shopping Centre

Escalators in Parallel Arrangement with Continuous Traffic Flow
Travellator
Travellator is also found in Jaya Shopping Centre travels from Lower Ground Floor to
Basement Carpark. As the grocery section is located in the Lower Ground Floor, hence it
allows people who are pushing trolleys to access and carrying them to Basement Carpark 1.
There are total 2 travellator and is in parallel arrangement.
Travellator

Control System
The control room is located at the Ground Level, same as the Fire Control Room. The
control panel control all the lift, escalators and travellator. It will show the car location of
the lift and whether the lift, escalator and travellator is operating or not.
Control Panel of lift, escalator and travellator.
Location of lift, escalator and travellator in Lower Ground Level.

Location of lift, escalator and travellator in Ground Level.
Location of lift, escalator and travellator in Level 1.

ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
In Malaysia, the power transmission network is known as the National Grid and is
managed by Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). The electricity is produced by the generator in
power stations. The generated electricity will pass through the step-up transformer to raise
the voltage to HV of transmission voltage. The purpose is to cover back the energy loss due
to resistance in the transmission wire. The transmission voltage are 500kV, 275kV and
132kV. Afterward, the voltage is stepped down to distribution voltages, which are 33kV,
11kV and 400/230 volts before distribute to users because the voltage is too high for
domestic purpose.
Simplified diagram of distribution of electricity from power station to consumer
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/general-principles-of-electricity-supply-systems

Jaya Shopping Centre receives 11kV of electrical supply from the TNB substation. The
electricity is distributed to the High Tension Room of the building. The electricity is then step
down by the transformer to 433V and move to the Low Voltage Room to supply electricity
to Riser Room of every floor of the building. The Rise Room will distribute the electrical
supply throughout the floors. The High Tension Room, Transformer Room and Low Voltage
Room are located next to each other to reduce the voltage drop because the further current
has to travel.
The diagram show the Genset room (starting from the left), Low Voltage Room, Transformer
Room and High Tension Room.
The location of electrical room in Lower Ground Level.

High Tension Room
The High Tension Room is located at the lower ground level along the street for
easier accessibility. The High Tension Room receive 11kV of electricity that distribute from
the TNB substation and transfer it to Transformer Room. The High Tension Room will split
the electricity and fed into different transformer. Before the electricity transmit to
transformer, it will pass through Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB). VCB is a kind of circuit
breaker that provide overcurrent protection.
High Tension Room

Transformer Room
The Transformer Room is located next to the High Tension Room. Step-down
transformers are placed in this room to step down 11kV of electricity from the High Tension
Room to 433V. Jaya Shopping Centre has total 3 transformer, 2 transformer supply to the
Main Switch Board (MSB) in Low Voltage Room for distribution and 1 transformer to the
chiller room. The type of transformer used in Jaya Shopping Centre is dry transformer.
MS 1525: 2014 7.3 Transformers
7.3.1 All supply voltage transformers in the building’s electrical system shall be selected
based on their overall efficiency according to their load profile, taking account of the capital
cost and cost of losses. Such a selection can be based on the following typical loss
characteristics for the different transformer ratings as shown in Tables 16, 17 and 18. The
losses indicated in Tables 16, 17 and 18 are valid for low voltage distribution transformers
and shall be applicable for secondary windings from 400 V to 433 V.
Dry transformer with protective metal cage.

Transformer panel
Reading of the transformer panel

Low Voltage Room
The Low Voltage Room is located next to Transformer Room. It is where the Main
Switch Board (MSB) located. The MSB receive the electricity from the transformer and
supply electricity to the Distribution Board (DB) of Riser Room at every floor of the building.
Each switchboards are protected and controlled by electrical disconnect switches and circuit
breaker. In Jaya Shopping Centre, there are 3 MSB and 1 Essential Main Switch Board
(EMSB). The EMSB is used to supply electricity to equipment that are essential during
emergency.
Main Switch Board (MSB)
Incoming supply from transforme

Capacitor Bank
A capacitor bank consist of a group of capacitors that functions as to correct power
lags and fluctuations of electricity supply into the building through the temporary increase
of stored energy.
MS 1525 Clauses 7.5
7.5 Power factor
Power factor for motors shall be corrected to better than 0.85 when operating at duty
point, to minimise losses due to reactive currents in the cables back to the main
switchboard.
The average power factor of the loads being served by the transformer should not be less
than 0.85 or the utility tariff’s penalty baseline. In cases where load power factors fall below
the baseline penalty value, power factor correction to a value exceeding the penalty
baseline should be provided for, whether through automatic or manual correction.
Power factor correction capacitors should be the low loss type with losses per kVAR not
exceeding 0.35 W at upper temperature limit excluding the losses in the discharge resistors.
Capacitor bank

Bus bar Coupler
Bus bar coupler is a device that is used to couple one bar to the other without any
interruption in power supply. Normally, the bus bar coupler is located in between MSB 1
and MSB 2 for shorter route for the transmission of power.
The bus bar coupler.

Riser Room
Rise room can be found at every floor of Jaya Shopping Centre. The Riser Room
consist of Distribution Board (DB), which is a smaller panel board that receive electricity
from the Main Switch Board (MSB) and supply electricity to every electric appliances of the
particular floor. Besides that, the Riser Room also consist of an Essential Distribution Board
(ESB) that receive the electricity from generator during emergency.
UBBL Section 240 (1)
Every floor or zone of any floor with a net area exceeding 929 square meters shall be
provided with an electrical isolation switch located within a staircase enclosure to permit
the disconnection of electrical power supply to the relevant floor or zone served. The Riser
Room is located next to the staircase.
Riser Room

Distribution Board (DB)
Essential Distribution Board (EDB).

Incoming supply from Main Switch Board (MSB).

Generator Set Room
The Generator Set Room is located next to the Lower Voltage Room. The generator
act as a backup electrical supply source when there is an electrical breakdown from the TNB
station. The generator will generate electricity automatically within 5 seconds by using
diesel after it detected that there is no electrical supply from TNB station. The generator can
supply 1500kVa to the building. The electricity generated will transfer to EMSB in Low
Voltage Room, then to the ESB in Riser Room. The generator will generate electricity for the
building until the power supply has been regained. The engineer will check the generator
half a year to make sure the generator is working.
UBBL Section 253 (1)
Emergency power system shall be provided to supply illumination and power automatically
in the event of failure of the normal supply or in the event of accident to elements of the
system supplying power and illumination essential for safety to life and property.
Generator Set

Automatic Main Failure (AMF) board
Automatic Main Failure (AMF) board is located in Generator Set Room. The function
of AMF board is an automatic board that give signal and automatically pull the trigger to
start the generator when there are electrical breakdown from the TNB station
Automatic Main Failure (AMF) board in Generator Set Room.

Diesel Tank
The generators are powered by using the diesel. A full tank of diesel in placed in the
Generator Set Room to run the generator and supply the electricity for the building.
Diesel tank in Generator Set Room
Ventilation System
The generator will also generating heat when it is generating the electricity. A ventilation is
very important as it cool the generator to prevent the generator overheating.
Ventilation System at Generator Set Room.

Rubber Mat
Rubber mat is placed on the floor in front of electrical boards in every electrical
rooms as a safety equipment for the maintenance users. These rubber mats will act as an
insulator to minimize the chances of electric shocks when there is a high voltage current
leakage.
Electricity Supply Act 1990 and Electricity Regulation 1994
Regulation 19. Arrangement of switchboard in general.
(2) A rubber mat of suitable size and thickness shall be placed on the floor in front of every
switchboard to prevent danger of electric shock to an operator.
Rubber mat

Cable tray
The cable tray is used to support all the electrical cables in electrical rooms.
Cable tray

CONCLUSION
All in all, building services in a building is a very significant system in a shopping mall
hence Jaya Shopping Centre have been doing a great job. Besides, all of our group members
had noticed that the facilities were being managed well and taken well care of by the
Facilities Management as they have been doing regular maintenance and making sure
everything is under controlled by patrolling the facilities every day.
For the Fire Protection System, it is installed in with a complete and sufficient
strategy for both passive and active design. In order to let people in the shopping mall to
escape and evacuate correctly and properly during emergencies, clear instructions and
direction are given.
Furthermore, ACMV system (Air-Conditioning Mechanical Ventilation) is being
carried out effectively in this 12 storeys mall including the basement carpark, shopping mall
and management office level. One of the suggestions is to install more AHU (Air Handling
Unit) which can distributed the conditioned air to different areas of the mall equally so that
the air is in good conditioned, cool and comfort.
By doing a further observation, there is a minor problem in Mechanical
Transportation which is the quality of the product since it does not perform as well as it is
thence the technicians have to pay more attention to them especially the travelators. Apart
from that, the facilities are placed in a strategic location which it is within the people
walking distance.
Besides, for the Electrical Power Supply System, the arrangement of each system is
well designed and well maintain to be able to work on daily basis. The system run smoothly
and supply undisrupted amount of electricity to the building
Last but not least, this building has followed the rules and regulations set by the
Department of Standards Malaysia such as MS1525 for most of the HVAC
(Heating,Ventilation and Air-Conditioning System) and UBBL which stands for Uniform
Building By-Law.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Designing Buildings Wiki The construction industry knowledge base. (2016, August 13).
Retrieved December 09, 2016, from https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Wet_riser
http://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-safety/fire/fire-sprinker-
system.htm
How sprinklers work - Fire Sprinker Initiative. (n.d.). Retrieved December 09, 2016, from
http://www.firesprinklerinitiative.org/advocacy-tools/fact-sheets/how-sprinklers-work.aspx
http://www.firesprinklerinitiative.org/advocacy-tools/fact-sheets/how-sprinklers-work.aspx
"TNB Better. Brighter." TNB Better. Brighter. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Nov. 2016.
"Braking Performance Analysis of an Escalator System Using Multibody Dynamics Simulation
Technology." SpringerLink. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2016.
Shah, Syed Ahmad Amin. "EnggPedia - The Engineering Encyclopedia." Escalators -
Components of Escalators, Design of Escalators. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2016.
H. (2010). How Fire Sprinkler Systems Work. Retrieved December 09, 2016, from
http://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-safety/fire/fire-sprinker-
system.htm

Assignment 2 - Jaya Shopping Centre

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to Assignment 2 - Jaya Shopping Centre

Similar to Assignment 2 - Jaya Shopping Centre (20)

More from Kai Yun Pang

More from Kai Yun Pang (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Assignment 2 - Jaya Shopping Centre