Presented by José M. Sánchez-Vizcaíno at the African Swine Fever Diagnostics, Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control Workshop, Nairobi, Kenya, 20-21 July 2011
Etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
African Swine Fever: Nature, Impacts and Threats to the Global Pig Industry Garry D. Lasaga
In August 2018, African Swine Fever (ASF), one of the world’s most feared swine infection made headlines as it hit for the first time ever, the world’s largest pig producer – China. This review paper summarizes the current state of knowledge and very recent updates on ASF.
The document discusses strategies for effective control of foot-and-mouth disease in Kerala, India. It proposes incorporating clinical surveillance, migration control, border trade screening, and rapid detection measures. The key implementation challenge is the need for fast, reliable, decentralized diagnostic testing. The document recommends using a rapid lateral flow test for the non-structural proteins of the foot-and-mouth virus, which can distinguish infected from vaccinated animals and meets all requirements for field use.
Pseudorabies is an acute, frequently fatal disease with a worldwide distribution that affects swine primarily and other domestic and wild animals incidentally. The pseudorabies virus has emerged as a significant pathogen in the USA since the 1960s, probably because of the increase in confinement swine housing or perhaps because of the emergence of more virulent strains. Clinical signs in nonporcine animals are similar to those of rabies, hence the name “mad itch” (pigs do not display this sign). Pseudorabies is a reportable disease and has been successfully eradicated from the vast majority of the USA.
African swine fever epidemiology and control in smallholder pig systems: The ...ILRI
This document summarizes information about African swine fever (ASF) in smallholder pig systems in Africa, including:
1) ASF is caused by a virus that can survive for long periods outside a host. It has no vaccine and causes high mortality in pigs.
2) ASF transmission cycles involve domestic pigs, wild boar, soft ticks, and human activities. It is endemic in many African countries and has spread to Europe and Asia.
3) Controlling ASF is challenging due to multiple transmission cycles and lack of vaccines. Key control strategies include early detection, movement restrictions, culling, and improving biosecurity through practices like sanitation and restricting food waste access.
4) A One Health
note about Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumia a devastating disease of goats in Africa and Somalia in particular.
waa qoraal kusaabsan xanuun kamid ah xanuunada ugu badan ee ku dhaca xoolaha soomalida magiciisuna waa Sambab, geesa jebiye iyo kuwo kale.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in India Epidemiology and ControlBhoj Raj Singh
PPR is endemic in India in sheep & goats. Mainly young stocks are more affected. Disease occurs throughout the year but more common in October & March. Though vaccination is the only method for control & eradication, even the institutes those developed the effective vaccine in India to control the disease fear to use it because many a time outbreaks ensue on vaccination. The other important reason for persistence of disease is undeclared Policy of suppressed reporting of PPR outbreaks.
Etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
African Swine Fever: Nature, Impacts and Threats to the Global Pig Industry Garry D. Lasaga
In August 2018, African Swine Fever (ASF), one of the world’s most feared swine infection made headlines as it hit for the first time ever, the world’s largest pig producer – China. This review paper summarizes the current state of knowledge and very recent updates on ASF.
The document discusses strategies for effective control of foot-and-mouth disease in Kerala, India. It proposes incorporating clinical surveillance, migration control, border trade screening, and rapid detection measures. The key implementation challenge is the need for fast, reliable, decentralized diagnostic testing. The document recommends using a rapid lateral flow test for the non-structural proteins of the foot-and-mouth virus, which can distinguish infected from vaccinated animals and meets all requirements for field use.
Pseudorabies is an acute, frequently fatal disease with a worldwide distribution that affects swine primarily and other domestic and wild animals incidentally. The pseudorabies virus has emerged as a significant pathogen in the USA since the 1960s, probably because of the increase in confinement swine housing or perhaps because of the emergence of more virulent strains. Clinical signs in nonporcine animals are similar to those of rabies, hence the name “mad itch” (pigs do not display this sign). Pseudorabies is a reportable disease and has been successfully eradicated from the vast majority of the USA.
African swine fever epidemiology and control in smallholder pig systems: The ...ILRI
This document summarizes information about African swine fever (ASF) in smallholder pig systems in Africa, including:
1) ASF is caused by a virus that can survive for long periods outside a host. It has no vaccine and causes high mortality in pigs.
2) ASF transmission cycles involve domestic pigs, wild boar, soft ticks, and human activities. It is endemic in many African countries and has spread to Europe and Asia.
3) Controlling ASF is challenging due to multiple transmission cycles and lack of vaccines. Key control strategies include early detection, movement restrictions, culling, and improving biosecurity through practices like sanitation and restricting food waste access.
4) A One Health
note about Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumia a devastating disease of goats in Africa and Somalia in particular.
waa qoraal kusaabsan xanuun kamid ah xanuunada ugu badan ee ku dhaca xoolaha soomalida magiciisuna waa Sambab, geesa jebiye iyo kuwo kale.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in India Epidemiology and ControlBhoj Raj Singh
PPR is endemic in India in sheep & goats. Mainly young stocks are more affected. Disease occurs throughout the year but more common in October & March. Though vaccination is the only method for control & eradication, even the institutes those developed the effective vaccine in India to control the disease fear to use it because many a time outbreaks ensue on vaccination. The other important reason for persistence of disease is undeclared Policy of suppressed reporting of PPR outbreaks.
Marek’s Disease – A lymphoproliferative disease of chickens characterised by mononuclear infilteration of PNS, other tissues & visceral organs.
First described by Jozsef Marek of Hungary in 1907.
Due to neuronal involvement, synonyms used are – Polyneuritis, Fowl Paralysis, Range Paralysis & Neurolymphomatosis.
A - Z Lumpy Skin Disease - Perspektif Global - Dr. B. Show - 25 Maret 2023Tata Naipospos
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lumpy skin disease (LSD) dari perspektif global. LSD merupakan penyakit menular yang penting secara ekonomi yang menyerang sapi. Penyakit ini telah menyebar dari Afrika ke berbagai belahan dunia. Perubahan iklim diduga berperan dalam penyebaran internasional penyakit ini. Pengendalian LSD meliputi vaksinasi, pembatasan lalu lintas ternak, dan pemusnahan hewan terinfeksi.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is caused by a picornavirus with multiple serotypes. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or contact with infected animals/materials. Clinical signs include fever and blister-like lesions in the mouth and on the feet. Diagnosis involves identifying lesions, virus isolation from samples, and serological tests. Treatment focuses on supportive care while prevention relies on quarantine, vaccination, and good biosecurity practices.
The document provides an update on an outbreak of Equine Herpes Virus-1 (EHV-1) across several states. It summarizes that as of the date, there were 4 quarantined facilities in Utah with 7 confirmed and 8 suspect EHV-1 cases, and 2 horses euthanized. A total of 51 horses across 9 states had confirmed EHV-1 infections, with 8 horses euthanized. EHV-1 can cause respiratory disease, abortion, or potentially fatal neurological disease. The document reviews the clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination protocols, and control measures to limit further spread during an outbreak.
This document provides information about Classical Swine Fever (CSF), a highly contagious viral disease affecting pigs. It describes the epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis and prevention of the disease. CSF is present worldwide and can cause severe economic losses in swine farming. The causative agent is a pestivirus from the Flaviviridae family. Clinical signs vary depending on the strain virulence and host factors, and may include fever, hemorrhages, vomiting and high mortality rates. Post-mortem lesions include hemorrhages in lymph nodes and organs and characteristic "button ulcers" in the intestine. Diagnosis involves virus isolation, antigen detection and serology tests. Controlling outbreaks requires
Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro Disease) is caused by a double stranded RNA virus that infects young chickens between 3-6 weeks of age. The virus targets and destroys the bursa of Fabricius, causing immunosuppression that leads to high mortality. Clinical signs include diarrhea, vent pecking, and depression. Post mortem lesions show hemorrhaging in the bursa and muscles. The disease is diagnosed through history, clinical signs, and virus detection. Vaccination is the primary control method through live attenuated or killed vaccines administered to broilers at 7 and 21 days and layers at 14 days and older. Strict biosecurity and hygiene are also important to prevent transmission and control outbreaks
disease management in livestock and its preventionShekhAlisha
The document discusses disease management and prevention in livestock. It provides information on signs of good health in livestock and general symptoms of disease. It then discusses specific infectious diseases like anthrax, mastitis, foot and mouth disease, rabies, PPR in goats, and non-infectious diseases caused by faulty nutrition, metabolic disorders, and trauma. The document also provides information on prevention measures, vaccination schedules, and discusses specific poultry diseases like avian influenza, infectious bronchitis, chronic respiratory disease, and E. coli infections.
BEF is an acute viral disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by the BEF virus, an RNA virus from the Rhabdoviridae family. It is transmitted by several species of biting midges and mosquitoes. Clinical signs include biphasic or polyphasic fever, depression, stiffness, and lameness. Affected animals typically recover rapidly within a few days, though relapses can occur. Treatment focuses on rest and anti-inflammatory drugs.
This document provides information about Marek's Disease, including:
1) It is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens caused by the Marek's Disease Virus (MDV), a herpesvirus. MDV has three serotypes, with Serotype 1 including the oncogenic strains responsible for Marek's Disease.
2) The virus spreads via dander from infected feather follicles through the air. It causes proliferation of lymphocytes which can deposit in various tissues, leading to neural, visceral, cutaneous or ocular forms of the disease.
3) Clinical signs include paralysis, enlarged organs, skin nodules or eye protrusion. Diagnosis involves post-mortem
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
Dr. Peter Timoney - Re-emergent Threat of Equine Herpesvirus-1 Neurologic Dis...John Blue
Re-emergent Threat of Equine Herpesvirus-1 Neurologic Disease - Dr. Peter Timoney, Professor and Holder of the Frederick Van Lennep Chair in Equine Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that affects multiple carnivore species. It is characterized by fever, respiratory and gastrointestinal issues, and neurological complications. While vaccination has reduced cases, it remains a major disease. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and infected bodily fluids. Puppies and unvaccinated dogs are most at risk. Treatment focuses on supportive care, though the virus can cause lasting issues in survivors. Widespread vaccination is important to control the disease.
Marek's disease is a viral disease that affects young chickens. It is caused by a herpes virus spread through dander from infected birds. Clinical signs include lameness, paralysis, and tumors in lymph nodes and organs. The virus can survive for months in dander and litter. While there is no treatment, vaccination before 3 days of age can prevent tumors but not viral infection. Proper sanitation and isolation of infected birds are important for control.
This document provides information on several vesicular diseases that cause blisters in livestock and sometimes humans. It summarizes foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), vesicular stomatitis (VS), swine vesicular disease (SVD), and vesicular exanthema of swine (VES). FMD affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, and sheep. VS can infect horses, mules, donkeys, cattle, sheep, and goats. SVD and VES exclusively infect pigs. The document describes the etiology, distribution, affected species, morbidity and mortality for each disease. It includes pictures showing clinical signs of the diseases in various species.
This document discusses foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals. It notes there are 7 main serotypes of the virus with many subtypes that can cause similar symptoms. The disease spreads easily through direct or indirect contact with infected animals. Clinical signs include fever, vesicles in the mouth and on the feet. It can have serious production and economic impacts. The document provides details on diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention including isolation, vaccination, and hygiene measures.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of parvo virus infection in dogs seen at a mobile veterinary consultancy service in Lalitpur, Nepal between 2015-2016. The key findings are:
1) Of the 3674 total canine cases, 455 (12%) were diagnosed with parvo virus infection. German Shepherds made up the majority of cases.
2) Puppies between 1-4 months of age were most susceptible to infection.
3) The months of Baishakh and Jestha saw the highest number of parvo virus cases, likely due to favorable climate conditions for virus spread.
This document discusses glanders, a disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei that affects solipeds like horses and donkeys. It presents in three main forms - nasal, cutaneous, and pulmonary. Symptoms include nasal discharge, skin nodules and ulcers, and pneumonia. Diagnosis involves isolating the bacterium or using tests like the mallein test. There is no vaccine and infected animals should be slaughtered to prevent spread, as the disease can also infect humans. Antibiotics may treat the infection but are not usually recommended due to risk of transmission and carrier status.
African Swine Fever (ASF) virus genomics and diagnosticsILRI
This document summarizes activities related to analyzing the genetics of the African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) in Kenya. It discusses sequencing the whole ASFV genome to analyze diversity and origins of outbreaks. Genotyping using three genetic markers finds that recent Kenyan outbreaks involve genotype IX, the same genotype present in Uganda. While whole genome sequencing and genetic analysis can inform vaccine development and tracing outbreaks, developing low-cost, rapid field diagnostics remains a priority for controlling ASF. Surveillance of pigs in coastal Kenya may also be needed to prevent the spread of genotype IX globally.
Marek’s Disease – A lymphoproliferative disease of chickens characterised by mononuclear infilteration of PNS, other tissues & visceral organs.
First described by Jozsef Marek of Hungary in 1907.
Due to neuronal involvement, synonyms used are – Polyneuritis, Fowl Paralysis, Range Paralysis & Neurolymphomatosis.
A - Z Lumpy Skin Disease - Perspektif Global - Dr. B. Show - 25 Maret 2023Tata Naipospos
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lumpy skin disease (LSD) dari perspektif global. LSD merupakan penyakit menular yang penting secara ekonomi yang menyerang sapi. Penyakit ini telah menyebar dari Afrika ke berbagai belahan dunia. Perubahan iklim diduga berperan dalam penyebaran internasional penyakit ini. Pengendalian LSD meliputi vaksinasi, pembatasan lalu lintas ternak, dan pemusnahan hewan terinfeksi.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is caused by a picornavirus with multiple serotypes. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or contact with infected animals/materials. Clinical signs include fever and blister-like lesions in the mouth and on the feet. Diagnosis involves identifying lesions, virus isolation from samples, and serological tests. Treatment focuses on supportive care while prevention relies on quarantine, vaccination, and good biosecurity practices.
The document provides an update on an outbreak of Equine Herpes Virus-1 (EHV-1) across several states. It summarizes that as of the date, there were 4 quarantined facilities in Utah with 7 confirmed and 8 suspect EHV-1 cases, and 2 horses euthanized. A total of 51 horses across 9 states had confirmed EHV-1 infections, with 8 horses euthanized. EHV-1 can cause respiratory disease, abortion, or potentially fatal neurological disease. The document reviews the clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination protocols, and control measures to limit further spread during an outbreak.
This document provides information about Classical Swine Fever (CSF), a highly contagious viral disease affecting pigs. It describes the epidemiology, transmission, clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis and prevention of the disease. CSF is present worldwide and can cause severe economic losses in swine farming. The causative agent is a pestivirus from the Flaviviridae family. Clinical signs vary depending on the strain virulence and host factors, and may include fever, hemorrhages, vomiting and high mortality rates. Post-mortem lesions include hemorrhages in lymph nodes and organs and characteristic "button ulcers" in the intestine. Diagnosis involves virus isolation, antigen detection and serology tests. Controlling outbreaks requires
Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro Disease) is caused by a double stranded RNA virus that infects young chickens between 3-6 weeks of age. The virus targets and destroys the bursa of Fabricius, causing immunosuppression that leads to high mortality. Clinical signs include diarrhea, vent pecking, and depression. Post mortem lesions show hemorrhaging in the bursa and muscles. The disease is diagnosed through history, clinical signs, and virus detection. Vaccination is the primary control method through live attenuated or killed vaccines administered to broilers at 7 and 21 days and layers at 14 days and older. Strict biosecurity and hygiene are also important to prevent transmission and control outbreaks
disease management in livestock and its preventionShekhAlisha
The document discusses disease management and prevention in livestock. It provides information on signs of good health in livestock and general symptoms of disease. It then discusses specific infectious diseases like anthrax, mastitis, foot and mouth disease, rabies, PPR in goats, and non-infectious diseases caused by faulty nutrition, metabolic disorders, and trauma. The document also provides information on prevention measures, vaccination schedules, and discusses specific poultry diseases like avian influenza, infectious bronchitis, chronic respiratory disease, and E. coli infections.
BEF is an acute viral disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by the BEF virus, an RNA virus from the Rhabdoviridae family. It is transmitted by several species of biting midges and mosquitoes. Clinical signs include biphasic or polyphasic fever, depression, stiffness, and lameness. Affected animals typically recover rapidly within a few days, though relapses can occur. Treatment focuses on rest and anti-inflammatory drugs.
This document provides information about Marek's Disease, including:
1) It is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens caused by the Marek's Disease Virus (MDV), a herpesvirus. MDV has three serotypes, with Serotype 1 including the oncogenic strains responsible for Marek's Disease.
2) The virus spreads via dander from infected feather follicles through the air. It causes proliferation of lymphocytes which can deposit in various tissues, leading to neural, visceral, cutaneous or ocular forms of the disease.
3) Clinical signs include paralysis, enlarged organs, skin nodules or eye protrusion. Diagnosis involves post-mortem
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
Dr. Peter Timoney - Re-emergent Threat of Equine Herpesvirus-1 Neurologic Dis...John Blue
Re-emergent Threat of Equine Herpesvirus-1 Neurologic Disease - Dr. Peter Timoney, Professor and Holder of the Frederick Van Lennep Chair in Equine Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that affects multiple carnivore species. It is characterized by fever, respiratory and gastrointestinal issues, and neurological complications. While vaccination has reduced cases, it remains a major disease. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and infected bodily fluids. Puppies and unvaccinated dogs are most at risk. Treatment focuses on supportive care, though the virus can cause lasting issues in survivors. Widespread vaccination is important to control the disease.
Marek's disease is a viral disease that affects young chickens. It is caused by a herpes virus spread through dander from infected birds. Clinical signs include lameness, paralysis, and tumors in lymph nodes and organs. The virus can survive for months in dander and litter. While there is no treatment, vaccination before 3 days of age can prevent tumors but not viral infection. Proper sanitation and isolation of infected birds are important for control.
This document provides information on several vesicular diseases that cause blisters in livestock and sometimes humans. It summarizes foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), vesicular stomatitis (VS), swine vesicular disease (SVD), and vesicular exanthema of swine (VES). FMD affects cloven-hooved animals like cattle, pigs, and sheep. VS can infect horses, mules, donkeys, cattle, sheep, and goats. SVD and VES exclusively infect pigs. The document describes the etiology, distribution, affected species, morbidity and mortality for each disease. It includes pictures showing clinical signs of the diseases in various species.
This document discusses foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals. It notes there are 7 main serotypes of the virus with many subtypes that can cause similar symptoms. The disease spreads easily through direct or indirect contact with infected animals. Clinical signs include fever, vesicles in the mouth and on the feet. It can have serious production and economic impacts. The document provides details on diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention including isolation, vaccination, and hygiene measures.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of parvo virus infection in dogs seen at a mobile veterinary consultancy service in Lalitpur, Nepal between 2015-2016. The key findings are:
1) Of the 3674 total canine cases, 455 (12%) were diagnosed with parvo virus infection. German Shepherds made up the majority of cases.
2) Puppies between 1-4 months of age were most susceptible to infection.
3) The months of Baishakh and Jestha saw the highest number of parvo virus cases, likely due to favorable climate conditions for virus spread.
This document discusses glanders, a disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei that affects solipeds like horses and donkeys. It presents in three main forms - nasal, cutaneous, and pulmonary. Symptoms include nasal discharge, skin nodules and ulcers, and pneumonia. Diagnosis involves isolating the bacterium or using tests like the mallein test. There is no vaccine and infected animals should be slaughtered to prevent spread, as the disease can also infect humans. Antibiotics may treat the infection but are not usually recommended due to risk of transmission and carrier status.
African Swine Fever (ASF) virus genomics and diagnosticsILRI
This document summarizes activities related to analyzing the genetics of the African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) in Kenya. It discusses sequencing the whole ASFV genome to analyze diversity and origins of outbreaks. Genotyping using three genetic markers finds that recent Kenyan outbreaks involve genotype IX, the same genotype present in Uganda. While whole genome sequencing and genetic analysis can inform vaccine development and tracing outbreaks, developing low-cost, rapid field diagnostics remains a priority for controlling ASF. Surveillance of pigs in coastal Kenya may also be needed to prevent the spread of genotype IX globally.
Epidemiology of African Swine Fever: A prerequisite to controlILRI
This document outlines the objectives and progress of a project studying African swine fever (ASF) in East Africa. The project aims to 1) genotype and sequence ASF virus genomes, 2) evaluate rapid diagnosis methods, 3) understand ASF epidemiology in the field, 4) assess the livelihood impact of ASF, 5) identify biosecurity measures, and 6) understand social networks related to ASF transmission. To date, the project has genotyped and sequenced viruses, trained researchers in rapid diagnosis, conducted field studies to examine virus prevalence and transmission pathways, and developed surveys to analyze the economic effects of ASF on smallholder farmers.
FMD is a major problem in Nigeria, where serotypes O, A, and SAT 2 circulate. Between 2007-2009, 48 samples from 10 reported outbreaks tested positive for FMD, with 36 being typed as O (4.2%), A (52.1%), and SAT 2 (18.7%). Sequence analysis showed the viruses were closely related to isolates from Sudan and other neighboring countries. Controlling FMD in Nigeria relies on improved quarantine, movement controls, and vaccinations, but vaccines have limitations in hot climates with poor cold chain infrastructure. More comprehensive surveillance is needed to understand the FMD situation in Nigeria.
ASF in Africa: pathways to prevention and controlILRI
Presented by Armanda D.S. Bastos at the Closing workshop of the BecA‐ILRI‐CSIRO‐AusAID project on Understanding ASF epidemiology as a basis for control, Nairobi, Kenya, 2‐3 October 2013
Dr. Andres Perez - The Latest Information about African Swine Fever in EuropeJohn Blue
The Latest Information about African Swine Fever in Europe - Dr. Andres Perez, College Of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, from the 2017 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 16-19, 2017, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-leman-swine-conference-material
Dr. Chris Oura - African Swine Fever – a real and present global threatJohn Blue
This document discusses African swine fever virus (ASFV), a large DNA virus that causes a hemorrhagic disease in pigs. The speaker outlines the current global situation of ASFV, noting its spread through parts of Europe, Russia, China, and Africa. Controlling ASFV is challenging due to its resistance, complex genotypes, wildlife reservoirs, potential carrier animals, and lack of vaccines. The United States should be concerned about ASFV spreading given transportation links and wild pig populations. Increased biosecurity is advised on US farms to prevent introduction of the virus.
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals including cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is characterized by fever and formation of vesicles in the mouth and on the feet. The disease causes enormous economic losses from reduced productivity and trade restrictions. It is caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus which has multiple serotypes. Diagnosis involves detecting viral antigens or RNA. Management involves vaccination, movement controls, quarantine, and disinfection to control outbreaks and limit transmission between herds.
Cyril gay nfid vaccine research conference, fmd vaccines, april 2013Cyril Gay
This document discusses a conference presentation on the development of vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). FMD is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hooved animals that causes significant economic losses. The presentation covers the importance of animal agriculture, FMD virology and pathogenesis, the costs of FMD outbreaks, efforts to eradicate the disease, and existing and next-generation FMD vaccines. The ideal FMD vaccine would provide rapid, long-lasting protection with a single dose while avoiding the risks associated with existing vaccines that require growing the live virus.
The Spanish experience controlling and eradicating African swine fever (ASF) involved 3 key elements:
1) A network of mobile veterinary teams conducted serological surveillance of 100% of pig farms and investigated outbreaks.
2) All ASF outbreaks were eliminated through stamping out (slaughtering all pigs on infected farms).
3) Livestock movement controls and individual animal identification were strengthened.
Through these measures, Spain was able to regionalize its ASF status by 1989, with most of the country declared ASF-free while continuing efforts in remaining infected areas.
Rift Valley fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease that affects various mammals. It is characterized by abortions in pregnant animals and liver damage. The disease was first described in Kenya in 1931. It is endemic in many African and Middle Eastern countries. Transmission occurs via mosquito bites or contact with infected animal tissues. Symptoms in animals include fever, vomiting, and abortions. The virus can be diagnosed by isolating it from blood or tissues of infected hosts. Controlling mosquito populations and vaccinating susceptible animal species are important for prevention.
Rift Valley fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease that affects various mammals. It is characterized by abortions in pregnant animals and high mortality in neonates. The disease was first described in Kenya in 1931. It is endemic in many African countries and has also spread to countries like Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and can also spread through contact with infected animal tissues and consumption of raw milk/meat. Symptoms in animals include fever, abortions, and liver damage. The virus causes a range of disease in humans from a mild flu-like illness to severe life-threatening disease.
The document discusses Ebola virus, including its outbreak history, reservoir, transmission, clinical observations, subtypes, and molecular structure. It notes that Ebola was first identified in 1976 in Sudan and Zaire. Fruit bats are believed to be the natural reservoir for the virus. Transmission occurs through contact with body fluids. Symptoms include fever, vomiting, and hemorrhaging. There are four identified subtypes. The virus has a filamentous shape and contains a single-stranded RNA genome.
A report of African horse sickness in a captive zebra, in Nigeria.David Dazhia Lazarus
This document reports a case of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) detected in a captive zebra in Nigeria. The zebra presented with fever and loss of appetite and died a few days later. Samples were tested and found to weakly test positive for AHSV via PCR, though the virus could not be isolated due to the samples being frozen. This represents the first reported case of AHSV in zebras in Nigeria and calls into question previous understandings of AHSV epidemiology in equids in the region.
Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation: A call to rally cross-pro...ILRI
Presented by Jean-Baka Domelevo Entfellner, Vish Nene, Lucilla Steinaa, Edward Okoth Abworo, Emily Ouma, Anna Lacasta, Naftaly Githaka at the ILRI Institute Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 17-19 September 2019
Persistence of African swine fever outbreak in a farm in Kaduna, Nigeria.David Dazhia Lazarus
This document summarizes a study on the persistence of African swine fever outbreak in a farm in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study found that five breeder houses on the farm were wiped out within a week of the outbreak. Testing of samples from the single surviving piglet confirmed the presence of African swine fever virus through serology and PCR analysis. The outbreak demonstrates that African swine fever continues to be a problem in Nigeria due to unregulated pig movements and lack of effective control strategies. Comprehensive surveillance, improved biosecurity, and government support are recommended to improve management of the disease.
Field Surveillance and Laboratory diagnoses of African swine fever in NigeriaDavid Dazhia Lazarus
This document summarizes a study on African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Nigeria. ASFV is a contagious viral disease affecting pigs. It was first reported in Nigeria in 1973 and caused major outbreaks between 1997-1998. The study found that ASFV prevalence remains widespread across Nigeria's agro-ecological zones. Laboratory testing of over 1000 serum samples found an overall 21% positive ASFV antibody rate. Tissue testing also indicated 48% tested positive for the ASFV genome. The study recommends strengthening surveillance systems and improving biosecurity to help reduce ASFV prevalence in Nigeria.
A. Apolloni - Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and Rift Valley Fever (RVF) ev...EuFMD
Session III - FAST Update
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and Rift Valley Fever are examples of transboundary animal diseases having major consequences in terms of health and economics. PPR is a highly pathogenic viral disease infecting principally sheep and goats, but also some wild artiodactyls, camelids and suids. This disease circulates in large parts of Africa, Asia, Eurasia and Middle-East and it has recently appeared at the gates of Europe in Georgia (2016) and Bulgaria (2018). A vaccine sxiste and the disease is the target of an eradication campaign by 2030. RVF is an arbovirus also affecting small ruminants and camelids, but also cattle and can be transmitted to human. The virus is transmitted among ruminants through the bite of infected mosquitoes (belonging to the Aedes and Culex species) and to human through the direct contact with infected blood or tissues. The disease circulates mostly in most countries in North, East, West and Sahelian Africa as well as in the Arabian Peninsula. Despite the different way of transmission, transboundary animal movement is the most likely route of the spread of the two diseases. Even though the livestock trade is strictly regulated between endemic regions of the two diseases and most of the Mediterranean countries, regional, locally adapted strategies are needed to control the diseases efficiently. The aim of this talk is to provide a panorama of the epidemiological situation around Europe and provide some preliminary scenario for the introduction of the diseases, through animal movement, and risk of transmission due to the presence of competent vectors (only for Rift Valley Fever).
The document summarizes a study on the prevalence and distribution of bovine cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered at Ghimbi municipal abattoir, Ethiopia from October 2008 to February 2009. The following key points are made:
- The overall prevalence of cysticercosis was found to be 4.5% (18/400 cattle). The highest prevalence was from Ghimbi at 3.5% and the lowest was from Haru at 0%.
- The cysts were mostly found distributed in the heart (44.4%), triceps muscle (38.9%), and masseter muscle (22.2%).
- The prevalence varied between the origin of the animals, being
Wild Boar: A Threat to Europe’s Pig Industry by Cristina Castillo in Modern C...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
Since 2014 the African Swine Fever (ASF), is advancing through wild boar to Spain from Eastern European countries (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Poland, borders of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia and northern Hungary). Officially, according with the European Commission this disease was eradicated in France (1974), Mainland Italy (1993), Belgium (1985)., Netherlands (1986), Spain (1994) and Portugal (1999). But the threaten has emerged again. From the point of view of Animal Health, an alert has been issued at European level prohibiting exports of this type of animals, whether live or dead, especially their by-products. Recently, at the end of February 2019, wild boars affected by this disease were found at frontiers of Belgium, Luxembourg and France. Although the disease is not transmissible to humans, we want to make an appeal here, because the transmission of the disease to any pig farm would cause a health alarm, having to empty the farm, with the enormous economic loss that this would entail for the farm. In this article we analyze what the African Swine Pest is, the role played by the overpopulation of wild boar in its distribution and the preventive measures to be adopted.
Distribution of cattle tick-borne haemoparasites in 54 Departments of Côte d’...Open Access Research Paper
The Rhipicephalus microplus tick is a major economic and veterinary concern on livestock production in tropical regions of the world. In Côte d’Ivoire, this invasive and proliferating tick has occupied almost the entire territory. To assess the prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in cattle following this invasion, a parasitological study was carried out in 179 farms in 54 departments. Blood and tick samples were collected from 895 cattle over one year of age, with 5 individuals per farm. Ten tick species were identified, of which Rhipicephalus microplus the most found. Microscopic analysis of blood smears identified 3 tick-borne haemoparasites: Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma centrale and Babesia bovis, with prevalences between 4% and 24% according to departments. Only the Southern, Central, and Northern zones were infested with tick-borne haemoparasites of cattle. The highest prevalence of Babesia bovis (8%) was found in the Southern zone. Agboville’s department was the most infested by A. marginale (24%) and B. bovis (20%). Parasitological analyses revealed a low prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in Côte d’Ivoire. A molecular study should be conducted to confirm these results.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
ASF global impact and control
1. ASF: GLOBAL IMPACT AND
CONTROL
ASF REFERENCE LABORATORY
Prof. José M. Sánchez- Vizcaíno
jmvizcaino@visavet.ucm.es
www.sanidadanimal.info
2. ASFV: A old friend 1978-
MAIN WORK:
DIAGNOSIS TEST &
REAGENTS
ASF REFERENCE LABORATORY EPIDEMIOLOGY-CONTROL
and ERADICATION
3. AGENDA:
ASF. A REEMERGING DISEASE
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION
CRITICAL POINTS FOR CONTROL
ASF VACCINE
ASF FUTURE
CONCLUTIONS
4. ASF. Routes of transmission
FREE AREAS:
By eating infected swill or garbages
By direct contact between sick or carrier and healthy animals (exudates, wounds,...)
ONCE ESTABLISHED:
INFECTED OR CARRIERS PIGS (D&W) play an important role in the dissemination of the disease
Contaminated transport, FOOD
Ticks and back yard
slurry, insects, rats...
5. 1. Raw pork waste at airport/port:
Lisbon 1957
Malta, 1978
Sardinia, 1978
Georgia, 2007
2. Movement of pork or pig products: Portugal, 1960
Spain 1960
Italy, 1983
Belgium, 1985
Russia, 2008-
3. Movements of infected wild boars:
Russia, 2008-
6. 1. Movements of infected pigs or carriers from
infected neighbouring countries
Nigeria, Togo, Benin, all in 1997-98;
Zambia, 2001; Kenya 2001;
Ghana 2002;Tanzania 2004;
Burkina Faso 2007;Kenya 2007;
Tanzania 2008
2. Boar or pork meat of infected swine fed to
pigs (movement of infected meat)
South Africa 1973;
Sao Tome & Principe, 1979;
Ivory Coast 1996;
Namibia 2004; Kenya 2007
7. ASF EPIDEMIOLOGY: Historical distribution I
1957
Portugal, 1957
Kenya1921 Spain 1960
Frane 1974
Malta 1978
Sardinia 1978
Italy, 1983
Belgium, 1985
Russia, 2008-
15. ASF.Scenarios: South and East Africa
Positive Virus. No
Abs. Tolerance pigs
????
Sylvatic cycle 21 Genotypes
D+D+T
DOMESTIC INFECTED PIGS NO Ab ?
16. ASF. Scenarios : West Africa
back yard
D to D
W to D
Role of Ticks ??
17. 2007
Asfv, genotype II
Mozambique, Madagascar, Zambia
273 Outbreaks. More 78.000 Dead pigs
ASF 2007-2011
18. ASF EPIDEMIOLOGY:
4 affected countries
273 notified outbreaks
+78.000 dead pigs
Source: OIE, own elaboration
19. ASF in Russian Federation
• April 2007ASFV p72 genotype II, compatible
with the virus circulating in Mozambique,
Madagascar and Zambia (Rowlands et al., 2008)
• All the ASFV isolates identical p72, p54 and CVR
sequences suggesting only one entry (Gallardo et
al., 2009)
• No pathological changes Acute and hiperacute
forms of the disease (Blagodarsnosti, 2011) .
• No serological (Ab) surveillance has been made
20. ASF. Scenarios : Europe III
D + W + BY
D to D
Back yard pigs
Risk of Endemicity
Chronic form ?
21. WHY IS ASF MOVING?
World globalization More ASF virus in Africa
Economic crisis Swill feeding
22. IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS
ENTRANCE IN CAUCASUS REGION:
Increase of the ASF V in Africa
Economic crisis
Swill feeding
Lack of biosecurity
SPREAD:
Swill feeding!! TRADITION
Wild boars contact with domestic
No biosecurity (ASF don’t need high biosecurity)
Movement of animals and products WITHOUT CONTROL
No a Coordinated National control program (Local Program
Krasnodar Region)
ENDEMICITY:
Wild boar affected
Swill feeding
Potential. Carriers and chronic infections
NO COORDINATED NATIONAL PROGRAM. NO COMPESATION
FOR FARMES
Vector (ticks)?
25. CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
ASF in the Caucasus and Russian Federation
• The ASFV circulating in the Caucasus and the Russian Federation
is a highly virulent virus. No reduction of virulence since the first
outbreak in 2007 in Georgia.
• ASF has spread in the TCC and in the RF since 2007; measures put
in place were not sufficient to control the spread
• The risk of maintaining ASF and its spread within the TCC and the
RF in domestic pigs is HIGH
• The risk of ASF introduction into the EU is moderate
• Risk of ASF become endemic in domestic pigs in EU is negligible
(High Biosecurity), low or moderate (free range)
26. EVALUATING THE RISK OF ASFV ENTRANCE IN THE EU
Development of a generic CUANTITATIVE risk assessment
framework for the introduction of ASF in EU countries
27. ROUTES FOR ASFV INTRODUCTION IN THE UE
Live animals
(domestic+wild)
• Legal imports
Semen and embryo
Animal Products
• Illegal imports
Meat Products
• Wild animals
• Ticks: Ornithodorus spp.
• Fomits: vehicules, leftovers, people….
28. RA (stochastic) for the potential ASFV introduction into the UE
Pathway
Live pig Pathway
imports Wild boars
Suitable
areas for WB
Mur et al., 2011
De la Torre et al., 2011
29. LEGAL IMPORTS OF LIVE SWINES
The overall mean (95% PI) annual probability of ASFV introduction into the EU by
legal import of live pigs was 5.22*10-3 (6.06*10-4, 1.84*10-2 ) ~ one outbreak in
192 years.
69
%
68%
30. LEGAL IMPORTS OF PIG PRODUCTS EXTRA EU
OTHER
3%
FRESH
30%
FROZEN
67%
33. AFRICAN SWINE FEVER IMPORTANCES POINTS
No neutralizing Ab
Pigs &products
No vaccine available
Domestic & Wild High variability
animals affected
PROBLEMS FOR
ASF CONTROL Ticks
Carrier animals Freezer
Clinical signs similar to
other diseases Laboratory diagnosis
needed
Very resistant in
the environment
34. ASF LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 C M V
257 bp-
108 bp-
PPC-3/4 + PPA-1/2
GOOD HEALTH
35. ASF PROTECTION: NO VACCINE
• NO INACTIVATED VACCINE
• ATENUATED VACCINE. NO SAFE AND ONLY PARTIAL
PROTECTION in HOMOLOGOUS (CARRIERS & C. FORM)
• NO RECOMBINAT VACCINE: NO good candidates
ANTIBODIES ARE RELATED WITH SOME
•NO DNA: TYPE OF PROTECTION
Some AS WELL AS WITH
Candidates CHRONIC AND ENDEMIC ASF INFECTION
Eradication without vaccine is
•NO SubUnit vaccines: very poor partial protection
possible but not easy.
Endemics:Portugal,Spain.
No Endemics countries: Brazil…
37. ASF IMMUNE RESPONSES INVOLVED IN PROTECTION
POOR UNDERSTOOD:
• PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY AGAINST HOMOLOGOUS VIRUS
(VIRUS IN LINPHO NODES)
• THE MAIN DIFFICULTY. LACK OF NEUTRALIZING Ab and
high genetic variability
• Ab PARTIAL PROTECTION. DELAY IN THE ONSET C. SIGNS
• IMPORTANCE ROLE OF NK AND CD 8. DESTROYED I. M
• SOME TYPE OF PROTECCION (Ab and CMI) OCCURS
38. PROBLEMS OF ATENUATED ASF VACCINE UNTIL NOW:
LIMITED FIELD STUDIES: PORTUGAL and SPAIN 60s-70s
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS: SEVERAL AUTHORS
A) Release of infected virus: Low virulence strains, Chronic
forms ?. Carriers (Portugal, Spain 70s )
B) No sufficiently attenuated
C) Only Homologous virus protection.
39. PROSPECTS FOR ASF VACCINE:
Know more about Mechanism of Atenuated vaccine:
a)Pre Virus Entry (neutralizing Ab, Others)
b)Post Virus Entry (Infections inhibition)
1) Low virulence isolates by passages in TC or from field
2) Generation ASFV recombinant without some genes*
3) Recombinat with several ASFV genes in DNA vector
4) Others
* Several candidates look promesing
41. FIELD IS THE FIRST STEP:
COLLABORATION: ADMINISTRATION- FARMERS
42. RISK FACTORS for EARLY DETECTION I
• No perception of the risk for entrance:
No good information to farmers and Vets
– Legal and ilegal imports of live pigs and meat products
– Commercial relations with affected countries
– Other disases in the area (CSF, Erysipela…)
• Low education level, no information about the
disease to FAMERS and Vets
No information of ASF. How is ASF?
• Low biosecurity practices
– Swill feeding
– Backyard systems
43. RISK FACTORS for EARLY DETECTION II
• Late detection caused by:
– Wrong surveillance program. No RBS
– Late detection in field no formation of veterinary
services and farmers. Others diseases
– Low veterinary service in the area inadequate
connection field-laboratory
– Unknown of the risk
48. ASF EARLY DETECTION NEEDED:
FIELD:
• Risk information
• ASF Information
LABs:
• Good conection with field
• Good test and procedure
TRAINING: FIELD AND LABORATORY
49.
50.
51. ASF CONTINGENCY PLANS. FAST RESPONCE:
ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE: Veterinary Service
Legislation, diagnosis methodology, etc.
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: Census, farms
Location, movements, wild live population….
ASF CHARACTERISTICS: Risks factors, susceptible animals
Vectors, clinical sings, lesions, samples to labs, route of
entrance, diagnosis methods, desinfectans, …..
55. RISK FACTORS for CONTROL
• Inadequate control program:
– Movement of animals and products WITHOUT CONTROL
– Swill feeding. Difficult to changes mentality
– Not establish the control and surveillance area
– Delayed compensation + lack of resources
• Pig production system:
– Pig density
– Farming practices (backyard, swill feeding!!)
• Presence of wild boars and contact with domestic pigs
• Presence of ticks
57. MANUAL for a FAST RESPONCE
1. NOTIFICATION SYSTEM
2. ZONING OF AFECTED AREAS
3. BAN ON ANIMALS MOVEMENTS
4. LABORATORY CONFIRMATION
5. PROCEDURE FOR DESTRUCTIONS OF CARCASSES
6. DEPOPULATION
7. CLEANING AND DISINFECTION
8. SEROLOGICAL CONTROLS
9. STUDY WILD BOAR AND/OR VECTORS
10. SENTINEL ANIMALS
11. REPOPULATION
58. More ASFV in Africa
and now in CC and RF
Possibility of became
No vaccine available. endemic in some countries
Eradication without vaccine of Europe
not easy but possible
Moderate-high risk for the MORE TIME TO DETECT
EU countries INFECTION MORE
DIFFICULTES TO ERADICATE
ARE WE AWARE ?
ARE WE READY ?
59. IN MEMORIAN OF ISABEL MINGUEZ TUDELA
(08/05/1956- 16/04/2011)
Passed Away in Brussels at age of 54
Sencientic Officer in the DG Research
For over 15 years, she acted as a major
bridge within the scientific community
linking different European research teams
and establishing connections with scientists
from America, Asia and Africa. Manage a great
number of EU research projects on animal
health (ASFRisk)
Rest in Peace, dear friend
.