The document summarizes artistic movements from the late 18th century to post-impressionism. It describes neoclassicism as emulating Greco-Roman styles to serve social purposes. Romanticism embraced emotion and imagination over strict rules. Realism depicted ordinary life, while Impressionism sought to capture fleeting impressions using loose brushwork and color. Post-Impressionists like Seurat and Van Gogh reacted to Impressionism in different ways, with Seurat using pointillism and Van Gogh vivid colors and textures.

1. Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries Chapter 20

3. Neoclassicism Neoclassicism refers to the emulation of Greek and Roman art, specifically Roman art because is represents a republic government It was believed, at this time, that art should serve a social purpose

4. Jacques-Louis David. Oath of the Horatii . 1784. 10'10" × 14'. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

5. Oath of the Horatii The sons pledge to take the swords offered by the father to defend Rome This was an inspirational image for the revolutionaries in France It’s meaning is that their cause is noble

6. Romanticism A wave of emotional expression Romanticism comes from the word romances which were medieval tales of adventure written in romantic language Romantic artists believed that imagination and emotion are most important

7. Francisco Goya. The Third of May, 1808 . 1814. 8'9" × 13'4" (2.67 × 4.06 m). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

8. The Third of may Depicts Napoleon’s army shooting citizens suspected of rioting The figure in white is the main focus Shows the brutality and injustice of the situation Like most romantics, Goya was interested in current events rather than distant historical stories

9. Photography Photography opened up a new way of seeing Originally, people thought that photography would replace painting, but instead it opened painters up to new types of expression

10. Carleton E. Watkins. The Three Brothers . 1861. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

12. The Three Brothers Yosemite in 1861 After these photos, the government decided to make Yosemite into a national park Taken with a large wet plate camera

13. Realism Realism-depicts a ordinary existence without idealism, exoticism, or nostalgia Artists are departing from depicting gods and history and moving toward painting the regular person

14. Gustave Courbet. The Stone Breakers . 1849 (destroyed in 1945). 5'5" × 7'10". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

15. The Stone Breakers Ordinary men Not idealized Not dramatic

16. Impressionism Portrayed contemporary life Often painted outdoors Sought to paint impressions of what the eye actually sees Sketchy quality to the paintings Strong observation of color Used small dabs of colot When seen far away, the painting looks relatively realistic When seen up close the painting looks very loose and the brush strokes are visible

17. Claude Monet. Arrival of the Normandy Train, Gare St. Lazare . 1877. 59.6 × 80.2 cm. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

18. Claude Monet. Impression: Sunrise . 1872. 49.5 × 64.8 cm. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

19. Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Le Moulin de la Galette . 1876. 51-1/2" × 68-7/8". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

20. Edgar Degas. The Ballet Class . c. 1879–1880. 32-3/8" × 30-1/4". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

21. Post-Impressionistic Period Artists reacted in various ways to the impressionistic painters

22. Georges Seurat. A Sunday on la Grande Jatte . 1884–1886. 81" × 120-3/8". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

23. A Sunday on la Grande Jatte Not as spontaneous as an impressionist The composition is more refined and organized Pointillism-tiny dots of color used to create a form and color

24. The Starry Night Very textural brush work This creates a rhythmic movement Uses colors to depict moods and emotions

25. Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night . 1889. 29" × 36-1/4". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.