The document provides information on mental retardation and adaptive skills. It discusses how people with mental retardation have difficulties with communication, self-care, home living, community use, social skills, self-direction, health and safety, functional academics, leisure, and work. It also mentions low motivation, challenges with self-care and daily living skills, and behavioral issues. The document concludes by describing how art activities can benefit people with mental retardation by promoting self-discovery, personal fulfillment, empowerment, relaxation, and symptom relief. It provides examples of crayon rubbing and tissue paper tree crafts that could be done.

1. MENTAL
RETARDATION
Artwork
Presentation
By: MARY ALYSSA BOTIN

2.  The person with MR experiences
difficulties with the various
environments because he/she
lacks the mental, emotional and
social skills and competencies to
function in the environment meant
for people without disabilities.

3. Related limitations in the adaptive
skills areas
It means that the person
has difficulty in performing
the following tasks:

4. • Communication – ability to understand and
communicate information by speaking and
writing through symbols, sign-language or
non-symbolic behavior (facial expressions,
touch, gestures)
• Self-care – ability to take care of one’s
needs in hygiene, grooming, dressing, eating,
toileting
• Home living – ability to function in the
home, housekeeping, clothing care, property
maintenance, cooking, shopping, home
safety, daily scheduling of work

5. • Community use – travel in the
community, shopping, obtaining services
• Social skills – initiating and terminating
interactions, conversations, responding to
social cues, recognizing feelings,
regulating own behavior, assisting others,
fostering friendship
• Self-direction – making choices, following
schedule, completing required tasks,
seeking assistance and resolving problems

6. • Health and safety – maintaining own
health, identify and preventing illness, first
aid, sexuality, physical fitness and basic
safety
• Functional academics – learning the
basic skills taught in school
• Leisure – recreational activities
appropriate to the age of the person
• Work (Employment) appropriate to
one’s age

7. Low Motivation
 lack interest in learning their lessons
 develop learned helplessness where they
expect to continue to fail in doing
certain tasks because they were not
able to do the task in the past
 to avoid failure, the person tends to set
very low expectations for oneself

8. Self-Care and Daily Living Skills
 they are often taught basic daily living
skills deliberately which normal
individuals learn by absorption and
imitation
 direct instruction, simplified routine,
prompts and task analysis are used to
teach self-care skills in hygiene and
grooming, daily living skills in eating,
toileting, communication and the other
areas of adaptive behavior

9. Behavioral Excesses and Challenging
Behavior
 students with MR are more prone to
inappropriate behavior
 they have difficulties accepting
criticism, limited self-control as well as
behavior problem like aggression or
self-injury

10.  Students with mental retardation can
still enjoy their daily living through
different activities that would catch
their attention. And one of this
activities are crafts and art activities.
 However, these students may need
some help and/or assistance from the
teacher just like any other child.

11.  Be aware that art activities that are
too challenging may only frustrate the
child so it is advisable to only give
students with mental retardation an art
activities that are easy for them to
manage and as well as would help
them to boost their potentials.

12. Benefits of Art activities
 Self-discovery. At its most successful,
art therapy triggers an
emotional catharsis (a sense of relief
and wellbeing through the recognition
and acknowledgement of subconscious
feelings).
 Personal fulfillment. The creation of a
tangible reward can build confidence and
nurture feelings of self-worth. Personal
fulfillment comes from both the creative
and the analytical components of the

13.  Empowerment. Art therapy can help
individuals visually express emotions
and fears that they were never able to
articulate through conventional means,
and give them some sense of control
over these feelings.
 Relaxation and stress relief. Chronic
stress can be harmful to both mind and
body. It can weaken and damage the
immune system, cause insomnia
and depression, and trigger a host of
circulatory problems (e.g., high blood
pressure, atherosclerosis, and cardiac
arrhythmia). When used alone or in
combination with other relaxation
techniques such as guided imagery, art
therapy can be a potent stress reliever.

14.  Symptom relief and physical
rehabilitation. Art therapy can also
help individuals cope with pain and
promote physiological healing by
identifying and working
through anger and resentment issues
and other emotional stresses.

15. The goal is to help
them enjoy
creative
expression
through art.

16. ARTS!
ARTS!
ARTS!

17. CRAYON RUBBINGS
 Provide tactile
sensation and work
on gross and fine
motor skills in this
art lesson.
 Create interesting
crayon rubbings
using leaves,
fabric, sandpaper,
or any other
textured item in
your classroom.

18. What we need?
Leaves
Crayons
Sheets of white paper

19. How to make?
1 Find a
good leaf to draw
from.
Look at the texture
and features on the
leaf. Are there holes
on it? Has it
dropped on the
ground recently or
has it been on the
ground for some
time?

20. 2 Place the leaf on a
hard surface.
A good suggestion
is to use
a notebook or a
piece of cardboard.
Put the leaf "veins"
towards you (the
bottom of the leaf).

21. 3 Put a white sheet
of paper on the
leaf.
To prevent the leaf
from moving, you
can tape it down on
the hard surface.

22. 4 Rub a crayon or
pastel on its side
and gently color on
the layered paper
over the leaf.
Notice that you'll
be "drawing" the leaf
on the paper.

23. 5 Repeat this craft
with other leaves
and colors.
Use soft and hard
leaves to compare
how drawings come
out.

24. FINISH PRODUCT

25. TISSUE PAPER TREES CRAFT
Strengthen
fine motor
skills

26. What we need?
Cardboard
Tissue paper or Crepe Paper
Brown construction paper
Glue

27. How to make it?
 1 Cut a simple
tree shape out of
cardstock or
cardboard. The
thicker, the better.
Cut the tissue
paper into
squares.

28.  2 Rip the brown
construction
paper into small
pieces. Glue the
pieces onto the
trunk of the tree.

29.  3 Crumple the
tissue paper
squares into balls
and glue them
onto your tree.
The green tissue
paper represents
leaves and the
red tissue paper
represents
apples.

30.  4 Try to fill all of
the white space
and let the glue
dry. You could
also change the
color of the tissue
paper to make a
beautiful Fall tree
with orange, red,
brown, and green.