AQUASOMES: A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY CARRIER
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This document summarizes aquasomes, which are spherical nanoparticles used for drug and antigen delivery. Aquasomes have water-like properties that protect and preserve fragile biological molecules. They are composed of a nano crystalline calcium phosphate or ceramic diamond particle core coated with a polyhydroxyl oligomer film. This coating allows for the adsorption of biochemically active molecules. Aquasomes can efficiently load and deliver substantial amounts of agents through various bonding mechanisms. They represent a simple yet novel drug carrier based on self-assembly that shows promise for delivering a variety of molecules like viral antigens, hemoglobin, and insulin while preserving conformational integrity and biochemical stability.
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![Three layered self assembled structures, containing the
particle core composed of Nano crystalline calcium
phosphate or ceramic diamond, and is covered by a
polyhydroxyl oligomer film to which biochemically
active molecules are adsorbed .
Aquasomes are spherical 60-300nm particles used for
drug and antigen delivery.
It was first developed by NIR KOSSOVSKY.[1]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Aquasomes: Basic consideration
Aquasomes are spherical nanoparticles 60-300nm in size that are used to deliver drugs and antigens. They are composed of a central ceramic core coated with carbohydrates to protect and preserve fragile biological molecules. The core is typically made of calcium phosphate prepared using methods like sonication or colloidal precipitation. It is then coated with polyhydroxy oligomers like cellobiose or trehalose to stabilize the nanoparticle. Drugs or antigens are then adsorbed onto the coated core. Aquasomes maintain the structural integrity of molecules and deliver them through controlled release while protecting them from degradation. They have applications in delivering substances like insulin, hemoglobin, antigens, enzymes, and genes.
Aquasomes
Aquasomes are nano particulate carrier systems comprised of a solid crystalline core coated with an oligomeric film for absorbing active molecules. They are spherical structures between 60-300nm that use self-assembly of macromolecules. The core is prepared using materials like tin oxide or calcium phosphate then coated with carbohydrates through lyophilization. Drugs can then be loaded through adsorption. Applications include delivery of vaccines, enzymes, genes, hemoglobin, and insulin where the aquasome protects fragile molecules and targets delivery.
Aquasomes
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Aquasomes are nanoparticle carrier systems composed of a solid nanocrystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers. Biologically active molecules are adsorbed onto the coating. They are able to sustainably release molecules and protect fragile molecules from the external environment due to their water-like properties. Aquasomes are prepared through a self-assembly process involving the preparation of a ceramic core through sonication or precipitation, coating the core with carbohydrates through adsorption, and immobilizing drug molecules onto the coating through partial adsorption. They show potential as carriers for vaccines, hemoglobin, drugs, dyes, and enzymes due to their ability to target sites and maintain molecular integrity.
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Aquasomes are nanoparticulate carrier system but instead of being simple nanoparticles these are three layered self assembled structures, comprised of a solid phase nanocrystalline core coated with oligomeric film to which biochemically active molecules are adsorbed with or without modification.
AQUASOMES: A NOVEL CARRIER FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
This document discusses aquasomes, which are spherical nanoparticle carrier systems composed of a solid nanocrystalline core coated with an oligomeric film. Aquasomes are self-assembled using non-covalent and ionic bonds. They are used to deliver and protect delicate biomolecules. The core provides structural stability while the carbohydrate coating protects against dehydration and stabilizes biomolecules. Common methods to prepare aquasomes include precipitating a ceramic core, coating it with disaccharides using sonication, and immobilizing a drug molecule onto the coated particles. Potential applications of aquasomes include insulin delivery, oral enzyme delivery, oxygen transport, antigen delivery, and drug or gene delivery.
Aquasome
The document summarizes a study that prepared aquasome nanoparticles loaded with the drug indomethacin. Aquasomes were produced by forming an inorganic calcium phosphate core, coating it with lactose to form a polyhydroxylated core, and then loading it with indomethacin. The nanoparticles were characterized using techniques like TEM, SEM, and XRD to analyze structure, particle size, and morphology. The results confirmed spherical calcium phosphate nanoparticles were obtained and successfully loaded with lactose and indomethacin. Further studies will examine indomethacin release from this novel drug delivery system.
Aquasomes KKR
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Aquasomes: Basic consideration
Aquasomes are spherical nanoparticles 60-300nm in size that are used to deliver drugs and antigens. They are composed of a central ceramic core coated with carbohydrates to protect and preserve fragile biological molecules. The core is typically made of calcium phosphate prepared using methods like sonication or colloidal precipitation. It is then coated with polyhydroxy oligomers like cellobiose or trehalose to stabilize the nanoparticle. Drugs or antigens are then adsorbed onto the coated core. Aquasomes maintain the structural integrity of molecules and deliver them through controlled release while protecting them from degradation. They have applications in delivering substances like insulin, hemoglobin, antigens, enzymes, and genes.
Aquasomes
Aquasomes are nano particulate carrier systems comprised of a solid crystalline core coated with an oligomeric film for absorbing active molecules. They are spherical structures between 60-300nm that use self-assembly of macromolecules. The core is prepared using materials like tin oxide or calcium phosphate then coated with carbohydrates through lyophilization. Drugs can then be loaded through adsorption. Applications include delivery of vaccines, enzymes, genes, hemoglobin, and insulin where the aquasome protects fragile molecules and targets delivery.
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Aquasomes are a nanoparticulate carrier system composed of a central solid nanocrystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers onto which biologically active molecules are absorbed. They are spherical structures between 60-300nm in size that protect and preserve fragile molecules. Aquasomes are prepared using a simple process involving the formation of a ceramic core, coating with carbohydrates, and immobilizing drug molecules. They can be evaluated for characteristics like particle size, drug release kinetics, and loading efficiency. Potential applications of aquasomes include delivery of proteins, peptides, vaccines, and other molecules due to their ability to maintain structural integrity of payloads.
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Aquasomes
1) Aquasomes are nanoparticulate carrier systems that are self-assembled structures comprising a solid nanocrystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers onto which bioactive molecules are adsorbed.
2) They are able to preserve the integrity of biological molecules due to their water-like properties and can target specific sites in the body.
3) Aquasomes are prepared using a self-assembly process involving preparation of a ceramic core, coating the core with carbohydrates, and immobilizing a drug molecule on the coated core.
Aquasomes
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Thus, a biological assembly may be built from:
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Aquasomes evaluation
Aquasomes are a nanoparticulate carrier system composed of a central solid nanocrystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers onto which biologically active molecules are absorbed. They are spherical structures between 60-300nm in size that protect and preserve fragile molecules. Aquasomes are prepared using a simple process involving the formation of a ceramic core, coating with carbohydrates, and immobilizing drug molecules. They can be evaluated for characteristics like particle size, drug release kinetics, and loading efficiency. Potential applications of aquasomes include delivery of proteins, peptides, vaccines, and other molecules due to their ability to maintain structural integrity of payloads.
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Aquasomes are nanoparticle carrier systems composed of a solid nanocrystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers. They are able to protect fragile biological molecules through water-like properties and high surface exposure. Aquasomes are prepared through a self-assembly process involving interaction of charged groups, hydrogen bonding, and structural stability. This allows active loading of molecules like proteins, antigens, and genes. Characterization techniques confirm the structure, drug loading, and release kinetics of aquasomes, which have applications in delivery of vaccines, hemoglobin, insulin, and enzymes orally and intravenously.
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Aquasomes are a type of nanoparticle drug delivery system consisting of a solid crystalline core coated with an oligomeric film. They are spherical structures between 60-300 nm in size. Aquasomes are prepared using a self-assembly method involving three steps - preparation of the solid core, coating the core with a carbohydrate, and immobilizing the drug molecule. This allows for non-denaturing encapsulation of peptides, proteins, hormones and other biomolecules for targeted drug delivery.
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The biological assembly (also sometimes referred to as the biological unit) is the macromolecular assembly that has either been shown to be or is believed to be the functional form of the molecule. For example, the functional form of hemoglobin has four chains. Depending on the particular crystal structure, symmetry operations consisting of rotations, translations or their combinations may need to be performed in order to obtain the complete biological assembly.
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• One copy of the asymmetric unit
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Aquasomes are spherical, nanoscale particles ranging from 60-300nm that are used to deliver drugs, antigens, and other biomolecules. They have a ceramic or calcium phosphate core coated with a polyhydroxyl oligomer film. This film stabilizes the nanoparticle and allows for the adsorption of biologically active molecules. Aquasomes mimic the water-like properties of cells, protecting and preserving fragile molecules while maintaining a high degree of surface exposure and targeting ability. They are synthesized by first fabricating the ceramic core, then coating it with carbohydrates like cellobiose or citrate, and finally immobilizing the drug or biomolecule onto the coated surface. Potential applications of aquasomes include vaccine delivery,
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Niosomes are novel drug delivery systems composed of non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol. They can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Niosomes are prepared using methods like ether injection, film hydration, sonication, and microfluidization. Key factors that affect niosome formation include the surfactant used, addition of cholesterol, and hydration temperature. Niosomes offer advantages over liposomes like improved stability and the ability to entrap both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Niosomes find applications in targeted drug delivery through routes like transdermal, parenteral, oral and for ophthalmic and radiopharmaceutical uses.
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Aquasomes are nanoparticle carrier systems composed of a ceramic or calcium phosphate crystalline core coated with polyhydroxy oligomers. They are spherical structures between 60-300 nm in size that can encapsulate biomolecules like proteins, peptides, genes, and drugs. Aquasomes protect and stabilize biomolecules through their water-like properties and allow for targeted delivery and sustained release of their payload.
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Aquasomes are spherical nanoparticles ranging from 60-300nm that are used for drug and antigen delivery. They have a nanocrystalline ceramic core coated with an oligomeric film to which bioactive molecules can be adsorbed. Common core materials include polymers, ceramics, and drugs while coatings include cellobiose, citrate, and trehalose. Aquasomes preserve the conformation of bioactives, provide targeted and sustained release, and can load substantial amounts of cargo onto their active surfaces. They are formulated through a self-assembly process involving the preparation of cores, coating them, and immobilizing drugs or antigens. Potential applications include vaccines, blood substitutes, gene therapy, and delivery of
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AQUASOMES: A POTENTIAL DRUG DELIVERY CARRIER
- 1. PRESENTED BY GOURAB BANDYOPADHYAY B.Pharm 4th year BENGAL SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF ,
- 2. Three layered self assembled structures, containing the particle core composed of Nano crystalline calcium phosphate or ceramic diamond, and is covered by a polyhydroxyl oligomer film to which biochemically active molecules are adsorbed . Aquasomes are spherical 60-300nm particles used for drug and antigen delivery. It was first developed by NIR KOSSOVSKY.[1]
- 3. They have water like properties Protect and preserve fragile biological molecules This property of maintaining conformational integrity as well as high degree of surface exposure and in targeting of bio-active molecules like peptide and protein hormones, antigens and genes to specific sites The carbohydrate stabilize nanoparticle of ceramic are known as “Aquasomes “[1]
- 4. Aquasomes water like properties provides a platform for preserving the conformational Integrity and bio chemical stability of bio-actives Aquasomes due to their size and structure stability, avoid clearance by reticuloendothelial system or degradation by other environmental challenges Aquasomes possess large size and active surface hence can be efficiently loaded with substantial amounts of agents through ionic, non covalent bonds, van der waals forces and entropic forces. As solid particles dispersed in aqueous environment, they exhibit physical properties of colloids [2]
- 5. By using the principle of self assembly Aquasomes can be prepared by three method. (1) Preparation of core. (2) coating of core. (3) Immobilization of drug molecule [1][3]
- 6. This stage mainly depends on the -selection of material for core. -its physical chemical properties This can be fabricated by the -Sonication -Colloidal precipitation.. -Plasma condensation For the core material material ceramic material widely used ,as they are structurally most material to be known.. As they are being crystalline their bulk properties is preserved. Commonly used ceramic core are Diamond and calcium phosphate [2][3]
- 7. Example: synthesis of nanocrystalline tin oxide core material. •This can be prepared by -Direct current reactive. •3 inch diameter target of highly purified Tin is sputtered in •High pressure gas mixture of argon and oxygen. •The ultra fine particle form in gas phase are collect on copper tube and cool at 700K with liquid nitrogen [4]
- 9. Commonly used coating material, • - Cellobiose - Citrate - Sucrose - Pyridoxal -5- phosphate. The surface modified nano crystalline core provide the solid phase for subsequent non denaturing self assembly for a broad range of biological active molecule. Drug can be loaded by partial adsorption
- 10. • For morphological characterization and size distribution analysis, Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) Are generally used. • Mean particle size and zeta potential of the particles can also be determined by using photo correlation spectroscopy. Size distribution. • ‡FT-IR spectroscopy. • For Crystallinity The prepared ceramic core can be analyzed for its crystalline or amorphous behavior using x-ray diffraction. [1][2][3] Structural analysis.
- 11. Aquasomes as red blood cell substitute. - It can effectively deliver large, complexliable molecule-Hb. - Hb, can be immobilized at surface of the degradable, carbohydrate coated diamond particles and than encapsulated in a standard mixture of phospholipid. For viral antigen delivery or vaccine. - for deliver of the Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) - human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Delivery of enzymes ,like DNAase Antigen delivery. As oxygen carrier
- 12. • Na2HPO4 and CaCl2 • prepare Calcium phosphate dihydrate core. • core further coated with coating material like cellobiose citrate,pyridoxal-5- phosphate, under Sonication • Drug is loaded to these coated nano particle /Aquasome Colloidal precipitation and Sonication of solution
- 14. Aquasomes represent one of the simplest yet a novel drug carrier based on the fundamental principle of self assembly. The drug candidates delivered through the Aquasomes show better biological activity even in case of conformationally sensitive ones. In conclusion, aquasomes appear to be promising carriers for the delivery of a broad range of molecules including viral antigens, hemoglobin and insulin.