Angina pectoris, commonly known as chest pain, occurs when the heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. It causes uncomfortable chest pressure or pain that may radiate to the shoulders, neck, or arms. There are different types of angina including stable angina brought on by exertion and unstable angina which occurs at rest with an unpredictable pattern. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms and blood tests, while treatment focuses on nitroglycerin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking, exercising, and eating a healthy diet to prevent further risks.

1. ANGINA PECTORIS
MR.J.G SAMBAD
IKDRC COLLEGE OF NURSING

2. Introduction
• Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pain or
discomfort due to coronary heart disease. It occurs
when the heart muscle doesn't get as much blood as it
needs. This usually happens because one or more of
the heart's arteries is narrowed or blocked, also called
ischemia.
• Angina usually causes uncomfortable pressure,
fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the
chest. You may also feel the discomfort in your neck,
jaw, shoulder, back or arm. (Many types of chest
discomfort — like heartburn, lung infection or
inflammation — aren‘t related to angina.) Angina in
women can be different than in men.

4. Preceptiing factor
• Physical exertion
• Temp… extrems
• Strong emotion
• Consumption of heavy meals
• Smoking
• Stimulating e.g;cocaine

5. Risk factor
• Long standing HT
• CAD
• MI
• CHD
• LVH

6. PATHO-PHYSIOLOGY
• Reduction in coronary flow caused by
epicardial artery stenosis.
• Abnormal constriction of coronary artery.
• Deficient relaxation of coronary arteries.
• Decresed oxygen caring capacity to blood.

7. Types of angina
1. Stable angina
• Chest pain occurring intermittently over a
long period with some pattern of onset
duration & intensity.
• Last for 3 to 4 min.
• Subside when exertion is relieved.
• ST segment depression.

8. 2.Silent ischemia
• Asymptomatic
• Associated with DM &HT

9. 3.Prinzmetais angina(variants)
• Spasm of coronary arteries by increase ICF in
calcium.
• Frequently with migraine
• May be abases of CAD

10. 4.Nocturnal angina
• At night but necessary during sleep supine
position .

11. 5.Angina decubitas
• Only when person is lying down position
relived by standing /sitting position.

12. 6.Unstable angina
• Also considered as acute coronary syndrome
(ACS).
• Also referred as MI.
• New in onset
• Occurs at rest
• Worsening pattern
• An predictable

13. CLINICAL FEATURE
• Pain –vary in severity
• Felling of indigestion
• Choking in retrosternal area
• Radiate to neck, jaw,shoulder,inner Capet of
apper arm.
• Feeling of numbness in arms ,wrists, hands.
• Shortness of breath
• Pallor,lightheadness
• Dizziness
• Nausea vomiting

16. DIAGNOSTIC STUDY
• 12 lead ECG
• C-reactive protein marker for inflammation.

17. MANAGEMENT
• NTG-nitroglycerine decreased myocardial
oxygen consumption.
• Beta-adrenergic blocking agent
• Calcium channel blocker.
• Antiplatelet and anticoagulant (aspirin
&heparin)

18. PREVENTION
• Stop smoking
• More exercise
• Avoid fatty food
• More fruits and vegetable
• Decrease obesity
• Regular BP check
• Less use of contraceptive pills.

19. THANK YOU!