this presentation describes the detail anatomy of Temporo-mandibular joint with respect to its articulating surfaces, ligaments, muscles and blood and nerve supply.
Muscles of mastication are the group of muscles that help in movement of the mandible as during chewing and speech. We need to study these muscles as they control the opening & closing the mouth & their role in the equilibrium created within the mouth. They also play a role in the configuration of face.
this presentation describes the detail anatomy of Temporo-mandibular joint with respect to its articulating surfaces, ligaments, muscles and blood and nerve supply.
Muscles of mastication are the group of muscles that help in movement of the mandible as during chewing and speech. We need to study these muscles as they control the opening & closing the mouth & their role in the equilibrium created within the mouth. They also play a role in the configuration of face.
This seminar explains about the development, relations, ligaments, various attachments, vascular and nervous supply and various surgical approaches and its modifications to TMJ
It contains following subheadings:
-maxilla and mandible anatomy
-TMJ(Temporo mandibular joint)
-Muscles of mastication
By:
Dr. Syed Irfan Qadeer
Prof. and HOD Department of Anatomy
SPIDMS,Lucknow
This seminar explains about the development, relations, ligaments, various attachments, vascular and nervous supply and various surgical approaches and its modifications to TMJ
It contains following subheadings:
-maxilla and mandible anatomy
-TMJ(Temporo mandibular joint)
-Muscles of mastication
By:
Dr. Syed Irfan Qadeer
Prof. and HOD Department of Anatomy
SPIDMS,Lucknow
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Dentist in pune.(BDS. MDS) - Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Nose & Paranasal sinuses.All Good Things
Dentist in pune. (BDS. MDS) - Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Seminar- Nose & Paranasal sinuses.
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
1. Anatomy of Maxilla and Mandible
By:-
Dr. Syed Irfan Qadeer
Prof. And Head, Department of Anatomy
Sardar Patel Dental College, Lucknow.
2. Maxilla
• It is the second largest bone of the face
• It forms the upper jaw with the fellow of the
opposite side
• It also contributes to the formation of
1. Floor of the nose and the orbit
2. Roof of the mouth
3. Lateral wall of the nose
4. Pterigopalatine and infratemporal fossae
5. Pterigomaxillary and infraorbital fissures
3. Anatomy of the maxilla
• The anatomy of the maxilla has two main
parts:
1. Body(pyramidal shape)
– Anterior surface
– Posterior surface
– Orbital surface
– Nasal surface
2. Processes
– Zygomatic
– Frontal
– Alveolar
– Palatine
4.
5. Anterior Surface:
• Incisive Fossa:
– Depressor septi nasi
– Orbicularis oris
• Canine fossa:
– Levator anguli oris
• Infraorbital foramen (above canine fossa)
– Infraorbital nerves and vessels
• Above sharp border between anterior and orbital
surface:
– Levator labi superioris
• Nasal notch: Dilator Naris
• Ant Nasal Spine
6.
7. Posterior Surface
• It is directed backwards and laterally
• It forms anterior wall of the infratemporal fossa
• Anterior and posterior surfaces are seperated by ridge
which leads to the socket of 1st molar tooth
• Near the centre of posterior surface 2 to 3 openings of
dental canal for posterior superior alveolar vessels and
nerves
• At the lower end there is a raised maxillary tubrosity which
is rough in the upper part of its medial end for tubercle of
the palatine bone which has the attachment of superficial
fibres of themedial pterigoid muscles
• Above this smooth surface which forms the boundry of the
ptrigopalatine fossa is grooved for the maxillary nerve, this
groove is contineous with the infra orbital groove
8. Orbital surface
Smooth and triangular
• Medial border
– Notch: lacrimal notch
– Behind this it articulates with the
• Lacrimal
• Orbital plate of ethmoid
• Orbital process of palatine
• Posterior border: Smooth, rounded and it forms greater part of
infraorbital fissure in middle infraorbital groove
• Anterior border: forms orbital margin ,infraorbital groove and
canal; a little lateral to this is canalis sinuosus which passes in the
anterior wall of the maxillary sinus and reaches in the nasal cavity
and opens in the side of the nasal septum in front of incisive canal
• A little lateral to the lacrimal groove there is attachment of inferior
oblique muscle of eveball
9. Nasal Surface
• In its upper posterior part there is a large
maxillary hiatus which leads into the maxillary
sinus
In articulated skull this hiatus is completed by
ethmoid and lacrimal bones
• Behind this there is a rough impression for the
perpendicular plate of palatine bone
• Infront of maxillary hiatus there is a lacrimal
groove
• More anteriorly concal crest for articulation with
inferior nasal concha
10.
11. Maxillary Sinus
• Large pyramidal cavity with its apex directed laterally
towards the zygomatic process
• Base is towards the lateral wall of the nose
• In articulated skull it is reduced by
Above
• Uncinate process of ethmoid
• Desending part of lacrimal bone
Below: inferior nasal concha
Behind: perpendicular plate of palatine
• It opens into the middle meatus of the nose usually by two
openings one of which is closed by mucous membrane in
living state
• Occasionally there are projections in the maxillary sinus
from roof to anterior wall
12.
13. Processes
• Zygomatic: it is rough and pyramidal
– Front:it is contineous with the anterior surface of
body
– Behind(concave):in continuity of the posterior
surface
– Above: articulates with zygomatic bone
– Below(arched border) which anterior and
posterior surface of the body
14. • Frontal Process:
– Lateral Surface:
• Vertical ridge (Lacrimal crest)
• Groove for the lacrimal sac
– Medial surface: It is rough and uneven and
articulates with the ethmoid and also closes the
anterior ethmoidal sinus below ethmoidal crest
• Upper end: Articulates with the frontal bone
• Anterior border with the nasal bone
• Posterior border with the lacrimal bone
15. • Alveolar processes: It has thick arched border
behind and contains sockets to receive roots
of teeth which vary in size and depth
– Canine deepest
– Molar widest and subdivided into 3 minor sockets
by septae
– Incisors and premolars single
– Occasionally incisors are divided into 2 sockes
16. • Palatine Process: Thick strong horizontal
– Inferior surface is concave and presents numerous
foramina for passage of nutrient vessels and contains
depressions for lodgement of glands
– Groove for grater palatine Vessels and nerves
– Incisive fossa leads into the incisive canal
– Sometimes anterior and posterior incisive foramen for
long sphenopalatine nerve which communicates with
the greater palatine nerve
– Upper surface: forms the floor of the nasal cavity
– Lateral Border fuses with rest of the bone
– Posterior border fuses with the horizontal plate of the
palatine
26. Mandible
• Largest and strongest bone of the face
• Curved horizontal body; convex forwards
• It has two rami which project upward from
posterior end of the body
• The body is horse shoe shaped
27.
28.
29. External Surface
• Faint ridge: symphisis menti
• Mental protuberance in the triangular area
below sympisis menti
• Mental tubercle on each side of mental
protruberance
• Mental foramen between premolar teeth
• Oblique line
40. Applied Anatomy
Muscle injuries: Its cause and effects
• Incisivus labii Superioris:
– During the exposure of
the bone of premaxilla
between the canines ,a
mucoperiosteal flap
reflection may detach
the muscle and if the
muscle gets damaged
the the drooping of the
septum and ala of the
nose may occur
41. • Mylohyoid muscle
– Surgical manupulation of the floor of the mouth may result
in edematous swelling of the sublingual space (above the
mylohyoid muscle )and submandibular space(below the
mylohyoid muscle)
– Cellulitis of this sublingual space in quiet common
however excessive bilateral cellulitis of the sublingual
spaces may push the tongue backwards and compress the
pharynx and may result in airway obstruction
42. • Genoiglossus muscle
– During the elevationof
the lingual mucosa
before making an
impression for a
subperiosteal implant a
portion of the muscle
may be reflected from te
genial tubercle, however
if the muscle is
completly detached
from the tubercle it may
lead to retrusion of the
tongue and airway
obstruction
43. • Medial pterigoid
– The medial pterigoid muscle
binds the pterigomandibular
space medially ,during
surgical procedures involving
the area of pterigomandibular
space infection may occour
and may be dangerous due to
its closed proximity to the
pharyngeal space
– Surgical exposure of the
tissue posterior to the
maxillary tubrosity may also
involve the medial pterigoid
muscle as a part of the
muscle originates from the
maxillary tubrosity
44. • Lateral pterigoid muscle
– The lateral pterigoid muscle fibres are placed in an
angulated manner and because of this there may
be pain in patients with a full arched subperiosteal
implant or prosthetic splint
45. • Mentalis muscle:
– Complete reflection of the
mentalis muscle for the
purpose of extension of a
subperiosteal implant may
result in a condition known
as witch’s chin
There is failure of the mentalis
muscle reattachment
following the implantation.
An external bandage is
applied for four days to help
in the reattachment of the
muscle
46. • Buccinator muscle:
– Myositis of the detached buccinator muscle in
patients with subperiosteal implants may cause
swelling and pain at the site of origin of the
muscle
47. Nerve injuries
• Inferior alveolar nerve:
– The nerve may be
damaged easily when
making an incision or
reflection of the
mucosa in its area
therefore position of
the inferior dental
canal in vertical and
buccolingual
dimension is of great
importance during
site preprations for
implants
48. • Lingual nerve
– The position of the
nerve is lateral to the
retromolar pad the
incision should remain
lateral to the pad and
the mucosal reflection
should be done with a
periosteal elevator in
constant contact with
the bone to prevent
injury to the nerve
49. • Nerve to mylohyoid:
– The nerve lies in closed relation to the ramus of
mandible hence it is prone to get damaged during
surgical intervention
50. • Long buccal nerve:
– When the ramus is
accessed for the
purpose of a block
graft excision great
care must be take
to protect this
nerve from injury
51. Injury to vessels
• Maxillary vessels:
– During the surgical
orthognathic
procedures the major
nutrient artery of the
maxilla are sometimes
damaged, but the
blood supply is
maintained by
anastamosis present
in the soft palate