Presented by Dr. Abera Deresa (State Minister, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) at the 'Dialogue on Ethiopia’s Agricultural Development', 12 November 2015, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Innovation Systems is a concept to help reveal and deal with the partnership and institutional issues that shape innovation processes and shape the contribution of research to that process. It recognises multiple knowledge bases, including research but also others. It is a capability to innovate, not just today but in ever-changing environments — i.e., it is a dynamic, adaptive capability. It is embedded in and defined by the institutional and policy contexts that shape the ways actors and organisations behave
Innovation Systems is a concept to help reveal and deal with the partnership and institutional issues that shape innovation processes and shape the contribution of research to that process. It recognises multiple knowledge bases, including research but also others. It is a capability to innovate, not just today but in ever-changing environments — i.e., it is a dynamic, adaptive capability. It is embedded in and defined by the institutional and policy contexts that shape the ways actors and organisations behave
This chapter is intended to ensure that students understand why agricultural policies are needed in both developing and developed countries. It will also shed light on the major forces that cause policy change, reasons for government involvement in agriculture and the place of agricultural policies in the future.
“Agricultural Performance and Food Security in Nepal: Constraints and Challenges” presented by Bishnu Pant, IIDS, Nepal, at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Agricultural Transformation Agenda in GTP II
Presented by Dereje Biruk (ATA) at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
Agriculture has been and continues to be the most important sector in Indian economy. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing the world today. The impact of climate change is a reality and it cuts across all climates sensitive sectors including the Agriculture sector. In this situation this seminar focuses on the climate smart agriculture. CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions that are not necessarily new but are used in the context of climatic changes which is prime requirement in arena of climate change. Farmers possessed low level of knowledge regarding climate change, and they adopted traditional methods to mitigate the impact of climate change. Small land holdings, poor extension services and non availability of stress tolerant verities were the major problems faced by the farmers in adoption to climate change. Extension functionaries were having medium level awareness about impact of climate change on agriculture. They used electronic media, training and conferences and seminars as major sources of information for climate change. They need training on climate smart agriculture aspects. Based on the above facts this presentation focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges of climate smart agriculture.
Innovation for Sustainable Food and AgricultureFAO
Presentación (inglés) de Clayton Campanhola (FAO) en el marco del Eleventh regional planners forum on agriculture and Symposium on innovation systems for sustainable agriculture and rural development, realizado en Barbados del 13 al 15 de septiembre de 2017.
This chapter is intended to ensure that students understand why agricultural policies are needed in both developing and developed countries. It will also shed light on the major forces that cause policy change, reasons for government involvement in agriculture and the place of agricultural policies in the future.
“Agricultural Performance and Food Security in Nepal: Constraints and Challenges” presented by Bishnu Pant, IIDS, Nepal, at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Agricultural Transformation Agenda in GTP II
Presented by Dereje Biruk (ATA) at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
Agriculture has been and continues to be the most important sector in Indian economy. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing the world today. The impact of climate change is a reality and it cuts across all climates sensitive sectors including the Agriculture sector. In this situation this seminar focuses on the climate smart agriculture. CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions that are not necessarily new but are used in the context of climatic changes which is prime requirement in arena of climate change. Farmers possessed low level of knowledge regarding climate change, and they adopted traditional methods to mitigate the impact of climate change. Small land holdings, poor extension services and non availability of stress tolerant verities were the major problems faced by the farmers in adoption to climate change. Extension functionaries were having medium level awareness about impact of climate change on agriculture. They used electronic media, training and conferences and seminars as major sources of information for climate change. They need training on climate smart agriculture aspects. Based on the above facts this presentation focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges of climate smart agriculture.
Innovation for Sustainable Food and AgricultureFAO
Presentación (inglés) de Clayton Campanhola (FAO) en el marco del Eleventh regional planners forum on agriculture and Symposium on innovation systems for sustainable agriculture and rural development, realizado en Barbados del 13 al 15 de septiembre de 2017.
Sustainable agriculture development in EthiopiaIFOAM
Hailu Araya, Institute for Sustainable Development (Ethiopia) presents the Ethiopian Sustainable Development Project at the IFOAM side event at UNFCCC SB 32, Bonn, June 3rd 2010
"Emerging Demand for Tractor Mechanization in Ethiopia", presented by Guush Berhane, at NSD/IFPRI workshop on "Mechanization and Agricultural Transformation in Asia and Africa", June 18-19, 2014, Beijing, China
Navarro-Racines, C., Ramirez, J., Jarvis, A., Loheto, K. Climate modeling, climate change and agriculture. Durban Agrihack Talent Challenge in the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture in Africa (GFIA Africa), organized by the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), the Durban University of Technology (DUT) and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). (Nov-Dec 2015). Durban, South Africa.
Soil survey is the study and mapping of soils in their natural environment.
It is to enables, more numerous, more accurate, more useful prediction of soil for specific purpose
It is starting point of all soil research. .
CURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUES IN SEED INDUSTRY-TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IN DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRIDS
-Dr. Arvind Kapur
CEO, Vegetable Seed Division, RASI Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
Biofortified Sweetpotato as a Key Contributor to Sustainable Agri-Food System...Francois Stepman
Presentation by Jan Low Principal Scientist, International Potato Center (CIP) Nairobi, Kenya.
14-18 June 2021. AERAP Science organised the Africa-Europe Science and Innovation Summit, which aimed to enhance science and innovation cooperation between Africa and Europe.
Introduction of Bangladeshi Agriculture.
An overview.
Importance of Agriculture in Bangladesh.
Characteristics of Agriculture in Bangladesh.
Dualism in Bangladesh Agriculture.
Feature of Agriculture of Bangladesh.
Natural based Agriculture of Bangladesh.
Land ownership pattern in Agriculture.
Size and composition of rural sector.
Modernization or Mechanization of Agriculture.
SWOT of Agriculture sector.
Objectives of the National Agricultural Policy.
Constraints for Agricultural Development.
Supportive Measures for Agriculture and Food Security
Major Development Issue and Challenges for Bangladesh Agriculture.
CHAÎNE DE VALEUR, STRATÉGIES D'ADAPTATION, AGRICULTURE DURABLE ET SYSTÈME ALI...Mouhamadou NDIMBLANE
Cette présentation fait la description de la chaine de valeur riz au Sénégal et donne un aperçu général sur les contraintes majeures auxquelles les ménages agricoles font face, les pertes de productions liées au changement climatique, les stratégies d'adaptation et fini par une proposition pour une agriculture durable.
Auteur: Mouhamadou Lamine NDIMBLANE,
Email: ndimblane.consulting@gmail.com
Presentation by Abdoulaye Mando at the May 15, 2013 event "Natural Resource Management and Food Security for a Growing Population". For more information visit: http://www.wri.org/event/2013/05/natural-resource-management-and-food-security-growing-population
Building Smallholder Farmer Resilience to Climate Change in Africa: Building ...SIANI
There is a renewed interest in the role of agriculture at the climate change negotiations, as evidenced by a number of interesting side-events during COP 16 in Cancun. The reason is simple: Agriculture and related activities account for a third of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, most of which can be mitigated, an opportunity that policy makers simply cannot afford to miss. What’s more, some of the techniques that sequester carbon have the added advantage of building the water-retention capacity and nutrient content of soils, hence contributing to a triple-win situation where mitigation, adaptation and yield increases are all addressed.
In response to this, SIANI and Sida arranged a one-day workshop on the theme From Source to Sink: How to make Agriculture part of the Solution to Climate Change while contributing to Poverty Alleviation? The main purpose of the workshop was to link the multiple potentials of agriculture to other development goals such as over-all poverty alleviation and food security, with particular reference to the needs of smallholder farmers who make up 70% of the world’s poorest people.
Policy for Food Security & Sustainable Agriculture/Rice Development in Contex...Sri Lmb
Ms. Ladda Viriyangura presented on 'Policy for Food Security & Sustainable Agriculture/Rice Development in Context of Climate Change in Thailand' at Regional Review and Planning Workshop 2017, Hanoi, VIetnam
The Brussels Briefing on the subject of “Emerging donors and rising powers in agriculture in ACP countries” took place on Tuesday 27 October 2015 from 9:00h to 13:00h at the ACP Secretariat (451 Avenue Georges Henri, 1200 Brussels, Room C ).
The Briefing discussed the key challenges and new opportunities to enhance South-South and Triangular cooperation. The Briefing : i) reviewed successes and the lessons learned from research and practice; ii) promoted the exchange of information on best practices and drivers of success; iii) fed into the debate various perspectives on policy options. It reviewed the key challenges and opportunities in South-South cooperation in agriculture and the lessons learned from research and practice. It looked at examples of successes in South-South and triangular partnerships across the ACP.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .