The document presents guidelines for sustainable neighborhood development in Soba, Khartoum, utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and smart location principles. It discusses the urban expansion, environmental impacts, and planning challenges faced in the region, alongside methodological approaches such as Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) to assess zoning suitability. Key outcomes include identifying potential development sites, evaluating existing urban elements, and integrating sustainability criteria for future planning.

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2. STUDEN NAME :RAFIF HATIM ABDELMALIK
MAY 2012
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3. • Introduction
• Aim
• Objective
• Soba
• LEED-ND, GIS, MCDM
• Out comes
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4. Sustainable
development Neighborhood
“development that meets the needs “The way the countries, the cities or the
of the present without neighborhoods grow—especially how
compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their and where do grow—will have a
own needs” (Brundtland profound effect on our planet and on
Commission, 1987). us. Land use and neighborhood design
“Suitability analysis techniques
integrate three factors of an area patterns create a particular physical
: location , development reality and complete behaviors that
activities , and biophysical / have a significant effect on the
environmental processes”
(Miller , Collins et al .1998 ) environmental performance of a given
place” (Liv Haselbach 2008).
• Open spaces
• Civic building
• Historic
building
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5. The design of the neighborhood is one of the foundations of sustainable
environment. Neighborhood location is the primary basic to improve and
save the environment .
• Disorganized
• Sustainable development.
future extension.
• Accessibility and mobility.
• Traffic Congestion
• Encouragement of social
• Pollution .
activities.
• Sprawl .
• Low cost .
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6. • Sustainable planning needs sustainable identification for
differ of function within redevelopment areas.
• Each area background need special criteria
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7. The aim of this paper is to develop a guide line for the new
development of neighborhoods by integrating smart neighborhood
location analysis with geographic information system (GIS) technology
in order to be more sustainable in (Soba).
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8. • Assess the present and the future growth of Soba’s
neighborhoods with regard to smart location principles.
• Determine the guidelines for the sustainable development.
• To generate a scenarios of the smart location by
integrating analysis with geographic information system
technology.
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9. Soba
The world's longest river, the Nile , divides the
country between east and west sides. It is generally
flat plains, broken by several mountain ranges
Officially the Republic of the( Sudan) is a country in
northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and
in the Arab World, and tenth largest in the world by area.
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10. • Metropolitan Khartoum, which comprises Khartoum, Khartoum
North and Omdurman, has an area of 802.5 km2. It is located at the
point where the White Nile, flowing north from Uganda, meets the
Blue Nile, flowing west from Ethiopia. Soba is an existing
neighborhood in Khartoum the capital of Sudan
• Within the past century, the city has expanded 250 times in area and
114 times in population. The population of metropolitan Khartoum
is now estimated to be more than five million, ( Babiker, B. ,2003) .
The capital is sprawling rather than dense: population density in
metropolitan Khartoum was estimated at approx imately 163
persons/km² in 2004.
• Four master plans have been established for the development of
Khartoum since independence. Most were only partially
implemented, and a new plan is currently in process.( Abdulhafeez
Awad Hafazalla,2008)
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11. • Soba is located on west ( 15.6040 N, 32.5298E) .It is about
17.4 km straight line from Khartoum .Soba is a previous
neighborhood area which now a days , has a huge new planned
and unplanned development movement. There are many
different functions of building located in that neighborhood
such as Solar Energy Research , Sport city , Soba hospital ,
Main hospital for the heart disease , and many new housing
settlement
• The population in Soba around 170.000. The first tribes lived
on Soba were Jaleen , shyqia and rofaaeen. Now a day’s Soba
is a model of the good live hood and relation between the
citizens. The Crawl population is heading towards in Soba . (
Sudan Post-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTA ASSESSMENT,
2008)
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12. The scope of this work is to define the principles for the
neighborhood smart location to fulfill them in Soba area in the
south part of Khartoum. Studying Soba to assess the smart
location presently and the next 10 years in term of sustainable
environment, economy and society . Install our analysis in the
GIS software to get accurate and faster result .Using the
software to determine a model for the neighborhood smart
location.
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13. LEED-ND
There is no consensus on what makes a
neighborhood sustainable or how to measure
the sustainability of urban form (Garde, 2009).
GIS
MCDM
Multi-criteria decision making methods are
conventional methods that assist decision
makers to analyze and solve numerous criteria
decision problems.
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14. Principles
Methodology
Using overlay technique, the area can be
classified into suitable, moderate and
unsuitable zones as they fulfill different level of
the LEED-ND principles and criteria.
Accurate result
The Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was
adopted to further examine the suitability of
the criteria. The paper concludes with
discussion on how LEED-ND can be adopted to
suit the development of the study area.
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15. LEED-ND
• Smart Location.
• Imperiled Species and Ecological Communities.
• Wetland and Water body Conservation.
• Agricultural Land Conservation.
• Floodplain Conservation.
• Housing and Job Proximity.
• Steep Slope Protection.
• Street network.
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17. Smart Location
• “Infill site, or
• Adjacent site with
connectivity on development
land , or
• Transit corridor or
route with adequate transit
service , or
• Site with nearby
neighborhood assets” (Congress
for the New Urbanism, 2009).
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19. Implied Species and Ecological
Communities
• The site has to be free from Species or
ecological community or, it will be need
treatment conservation. The study area has
no special species or communities except in
the land that used for agriculture which need
to be conserved. Thus for the study area the
agriculture land will be delivered.
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21. Wetland and Water Body Conservation
• The conservation zone is 100 feet
(30.48 meter) around the water
body and 50 feet of the wetland
based on LEED-ND 2009. The
wetland and water body
conservation is the result of using
the overlay tools by buffering 100
feet around the Nile revier.
Convertor tools has used to get
the raster layer and reclassified
by the raster reclassifying rater
function.
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22. Agricultural Land Conservation
• Soil type
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24. Floodplain avoidance
Date Water level River width
August 29, 2006 16.86 379.86
August 30, 2006 16.95 379.95
August 31, 2006 17.02 380.02
September 1, 2006 17.08 380.08
September 2, 2006 17.04 380.04
September 3, 2006 16.92 379.92
September 4, 2006 16.66 379.66
September 5, 2006 16.51 379.51
September 6, 2006 16.43 379.43
September 7, 2006 16.43 379.43
September 8, 2006 16.54 379.54
September 9, 2006 16.64 379.64
September 10, 2006 16.69 379.69
September 11, 2006 16.73 379.73
September 12, 2006 16.73 379.73
September 13, 2006 16.62 379.62
September 14, 2006 16.54 379.54
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September 15, 2006 16.56 379.56

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26. Housing and Job Proximity
• The purpose of this principle
is to have a mix use area
within the neighborhood.
• The criteria:
• As mention in the
methodology chapter, the
zones have to be:
• The total building is within ½
mile distance of existing full
time equivalent jobs.
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27. Street Network
• It is the zone with
street intersects on
site boundary at least
every 400 feet .This
will encourage the
daily physical life and
decrease the MVT.
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28. MCDM
• These methods have been evolved since 1950 to help
decision makers in either ranking a known set of
alternatives for prob-lem or making a choice among
this set while considering the conflicting criteria.
• According to Saaty . T. L. (2003), making a ranking
questionnaire for the principles was the first step.
Taking those output data and set them in the Expert
Choice software to get the weight of each principle by
setting the pairwise has done as the third step. There is
a scale for the pairwise according to Saaty (1980).
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29. Principle Rate Weight
Smart location 3 0.150
Wetland and water 5 0.117
body conservation
Slope protection 2 0.049
Flood avoidance 5 0.032
Street network 5 0.084
Housing and job 5 0.060
proximity
Agriculture 2 0.215
conservation
Site selection 2 0.267
Imperiled species 2 0.026
protection
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33. OUT COMES
(1) identify the location and the size of the suitable sites
for neighborhood development,
(2) identify zones based on their need in term of how to
improve them,
(3) extract the planning missing elements in each zone
and use them for improvement and development,
(4) identify the level of suitability of the administrative
build-ings and take it into account for the
development plan,
(5) determine the suitable functions to locate them in
each zone based on the principle achievement.
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34. Conclusion
Development is a complex process involving its special
dimension, social, economic and environmental implication.
GIS has demonstrated to be a technology capable of
integrating various data sets both qualitative and quantitative
in a single system. This is even more important within the con-
text of sustainable development the implementation of which
regards the evaluation of economic, social, and environmental
parameters against pre-established targets. GIS has been used
in the spatial problem definition, but it has failed to support
the ultimate of the general decision –making process
concerning prioritizing the alternative. To achieve this
requirement, Multi Criteria Decision Making has been used.
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