This document provides information on clove including its origin, cultivation practices, harvesting, curing, yields, uses, and health benefits. It notes that clove is indigenous to Indonesia and was introduced to India in 1800. It requires a warm, humid climate with annual rainfall of 150-250 cm. Seeds are propagated and seedlings are planted during the rainy season. Trees begin yielding from year 7-8 and are fully bearing after 15-20 years. Buds are harvested when turning pink and cured by drying over 4-5 days. Clove is used in food, perfumes, medicines, and cigarettes and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

1. A Presentation on Clove
Submitted By
Dibasis Sarker Suvo (200808)
Rahul Das (200809)
Jui Charkrobty (200810)
Asadur Rahaman (200811)
Tasmia Tasmia (190815)
by
Dibasis (190815)
 Submitted To
 Dr. Md. Yamin Kabir
 Professor
 Agrotechnology Discipline
 Khulna University

2. Clove
by
Dibasis (190815)
Name: Clove
Scientific Name: Syzygium aromaticum
Family: Myrtaceae

3. Origin
by
Dibasis (190815)
Clove, the dried unopened flower buds of the
evergreen tree
It is indigenous to Moluccas island
(Indonesia) and was introduced to India
around 1800 A.D. by the East Indian Company
in their spice garden in Courtallam, Tamil
Nadu.

The major producers of this spice today are
Indonesia, Zanzibar and Madagascar.

4. Soil and Climate
by
Dibasis (190815)
Humid atmospheric condition and a well distributed annual rainfall of 150 to 250 cm
are essential.

Clove is strictly a tropical plant and requires a warm humid climate having a
temperature of 20 to 300C.
Deep black loam soil with high humus content found in the forest region is best
suited for clove cultivation. It grows satisfactorily on laterite soils, clay loams and
rich black soils having good drainage. Sandy soil is not suitable.

6. hence they
must be sown
immediately
after collection
from a tree.
Propagation

Clove is propagated through seed, which is called
mother clove.
The seeds become available from June to October.
Fruits are allowed to ripe on the tree itself and drop
down naturally.
Such fruit are collected from the ground and sown
directly in nursery or soaked in water overnight and
the pericarp removed before sowing.
They lose their viability within one week after harvest
under normal conditions and hence they must be
sown immediately after collection from a tree.

7. Nursery Practices
by
 (Beds for sowing seeds are of 15 to 20 cm height,
one metre width and a convenient length.
 The beds should be made of loose soils and over
which a layer of sand may be spread (about 5-8cm
thick).
 Seeds are sown at 2 to 3 cm spacing and a depth of
about 2cm. The seedbeds have to be protected from
direct sunlight.
 The germination commences in about 10 to 15 days
and may last for about 40 days190815)


8. Land Preparation and planting
by
Dibasis (190815)
The area selected for raising clove plantations is cleared of scrub
growth before monsoon and pits of 60 to 75 cm 3 are dug at a spacing
of 6 to 7 meters.
The pits are partially filled with topsoil.
Eastern and northeastern hill slopes, well drained valleys and river
banks are ideal for clove.
The seedlings are transplanted in the main field during the beginning of
rainy seasons, in June-July, and in low lying areas, towards the end of
the monsoon, in September-October. Cloves prefer partial shade.

9. Manuring and Fertilizers
Clove trees are to be manured regularly and judiciously for their proper growth
and flowering as given below:
1st Year:
Cowdung / compost: 15 kg
2nd Year
Compost: 20kg
Urea: 80g
TSP:220g
MoP: 160g
15)

10. Manuring and Fertilizers
by
Annual increase per year:
Compost: 5kg
Urea: 40g
TSP: 110g
MoP: 80g
Dibasis (190815)
Tree of 15 and above:
Compost: 50 kg
Urea: 600g
TSP: 1560g
MoP: 1250g

11. Irrigation
by
Irrigation is necessary in the initial stages.
In places where pronounced drought is normally experienced, pot watering is
recommended to save the plants in the initial two or three years.
Subsoil irrigation using 20cm length mud tubes or bamboo tubes with the
helpful to save the plants during acute summer.
Although the trees can survive without irrigation, it is advantageous to irrigate
the grown up trees for proper growth and yield.
90815)

12. Harvesting
Clove tree begins to yield from the seventh or eighth year after planting
and full bearing stage is attained after about 15 to 20 years.
The flowering season is September-October in the plains and December
to February at high altitudes. Flower buds are produced on young flush.
It takes about 4 to 6 months for the buds to become ready for harvest. At
this time, they are less than 2cm long.
The optimum stage for picking clove buds is indicated by the change in
the colour from green to slightly pinkish tinge. (190815)

13. Harvesting
The matured clove buds are carefully picked
with hand. Care should be taken to pick the
buds at the correct time.
When the trees are tall and the clove
bunches are beyond the reach, platform
ladders are used for harvesting.
Bending the branches or knocking down the
bud clusters with sticks is not desirable as
these practices affect the future bearing of
the tree.
by

14. Curing
 The harvested flower buds are separated from
the clusters by hand and spread in the drying
yard for drying.
 It takes normally 4 to 5 days for drying. The
correct stage of drying is reached when the stem
of the bud is dark brown and the rest of the bud
lighter brown in colour.
 Well dried cloves will be only about one-third of
the weight of the original. About 11,000 to
15,000 dried cloves make one kilogram.
Dibasis (190815)

15. 1.Leaf rot (Cylindrocladium quinquiseptatam)
Symptoms
Dark patches are seen in leaves of mature trees seedlings, which
often result in rotting of whole leaves or tips alone causing severe
defoliation.
Diseases

16. Pest:
1. . Stem borer
Symptoms
The pest bores into the main stem, causing death of the plant.
Control Measure
Swab the surface of the stem with 50% W.P.B.H.C.
1. . Scale insects
Symptoms
Infestation is seen on leaves and tender shoots, more often in the nursery.

17. s (1Yield
Clove often experiences irregular or alternate bearing tendency. A
well maintained full grown tree under favourable conditions may give
4 to 8 kg of dried buds.
The average annual yields after 15th year may be taken as 2 kg per
tree. Clove oil, the spice determining factor, is about 16 to 21 % in
the buds. The oil contains 70 to 90 % of free eugenol and 5 to 12 %
of eugenyl acetate

18. s (190815)
Uses:
Food processing industry uses both whole and ground form of
cloves in various preparations.
Clove oil is used in perfumeries, pharmaceuticals and flavouring
industries.
Clove oleoresin is also increasingly used in the food processing
industry.
In Indonesia, the major part is absorbed for making KRETEK
cigarette industry.
Cloves has some major health benefits and it is used as medicine
for a long time.

19.  Using cloves to ease digestive problems is a common practice in
Ayurvedic medicine.
 One of the most notable potential pain-relieving benefits of cloves is
their ability to help with toothaches due to the eugenol they contain,
which acts as a natural antiseptic.
 Cloves are known for their anti-inflammatory effects. Past studies
have shown eating them on the daily could lead to major major
benefits.
 Cloves are also high in antioxidants, which Serena Poon, a celebrity
chef, nutritionist, and reiki master, explains can help protect your
body against the signs of aging.

20. Thank You