The document discusses power optimization using a six phase transmission system. It begins with an introduction to high phase order transmission and implementations of six phase systems. It then covers topics like power transmission optimization techniques, constructing a six phase system using transformers, feasibility analysis in terms of transfer capability, electric field, and lightning performance. Additional sections discuss economic considerations, faults and protection schemes for six phase systems, and considerations for future six phase design. The document concludes that six phase transmission can optimize power transfer but is currently not economically viable at most distances.

1. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
01Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
WELCOME

2. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX
PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Presented by:
S NAIBEDYA LALATENDU
EE-11s-05
1101230185
Under the guidance of:
AUROBINDO BEHERA
Asst. Professor
02Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

3. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
WE WILL DISCUSS ON
 INTRODUCTION
 POWER TRANSMISSION OPTIMIZATION
 CONSTRUCTION OF SIX PHASE SYSTEM
 FEASIBILITY
 ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
 FAULTS & PROTECTION
 CONSIDERATIONS FOR FUTURE DESIGN
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE
03Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

4. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
 High Phase Order(HPO) ?
 What is six phase transmission system ?
 Why is it required ?
 Where has it been implemented ?
04Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

5. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
SIX PHASE IMPLEMENTATION
 IN 1978 THE US DEPT. OF ENERGY SPONSERED A PROJECT FOR CONSTRUCTION &
TESTING OF A 6 & 12 (336 METER) PHASE LINE IN MALTA,NEWYORK.
 IN 1988 FIRST DESIGN TO DEMONSTRATE THE COMMERCIAL FEASIBILITY OF HPO
SYSTEM WAS UNDERTAKEN BY EMPIRE STATE ELECTRIC ENERGY RESEARCH
CORPORATION(ESEERCO) , NEWYORK STATE ELECTRIC & GAS CORPORATION(NYSEG)
POWER TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED(PTI).
 IT WAS A 2.4 KM LINE BETWEEN GOUDEY & OKLADE SUBSTATIONS JUST OUTSIDE
BINGHAMTON , NY.
 A 115 KV DOUBLE CKT 3 PHASE WAS RUN AS 93 KV 6 PHASE LINE(WHICH
INCIDENTLY WAS EQUIVALENT TO TWO , 161 KV DOUBLE CKT 3 PHASE LINE ).
05Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

6. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
POWER TRANSMISSION OPTIMIZATION
 What is Power Transmission Optimization ?
 How can it be achieved ?
06Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

7. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 Optimal protection and switching device placement
 Generation scheduling
 Maintenance scheduling
 Operative control
 Constrained load flow
 Power plant operation optimizer
 FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) control
 Dynamic load modelling
 Short-Term load forecast
 Network reconfiguration and load reduction etc.
07Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
POWER OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES

8. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
08Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
3Φ Voltage
(KV)
6Φ Voltage
(KV)
Power Increment Factor
69 69 1.732
115 93 1.38
138 138 1.732
POWER OPTIMIZED USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION

9. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
CONSTRUCTION OF SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
09Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
THREE PHASE TO SIX PHASE
CONVERSION USING
TRANSFORMERS

10. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
010Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
Vph = Vline for six phase system
SIX PHASE VOLTAGE PHASOR DIAGRAM

11. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
011Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
SIX PHASE VOLTAGE PHASOR DIAGRAM
HENCE IT IS MATHEMATICALLY PROVED THAT
Vph =Vline

12. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
FEASIBILITY(TRANSFER CAPABILITY)
Consider 3 practical cases as follows :
A: 138 KV, 3 phase double circuit line configuration
B: 230 KV, 3ph transmission line configuration
C: 138 KV, 6 phase transmission line configuration
12Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

13. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
FEASIBILITY(ELECTRIC FIELD)
13Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

14. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
FEASIBILITY(LIGHTNING PERFORMANCE)
14Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
SYSTEM VOLTAGE
(PHASE-GROUND)
MAX (KV)
SYSTEM PHASE
ORDER
BASIC LIGHTNING INSULATION LEVEL
MIN BIL(KV) MAX BIL(KV)
83.72 450 450
450 450
139.72 3 650 750
6 750 900
209.60 3 900 1050
6 1050 1050
317.55 3 1425 1425
6 1550 1675
461.89 3 1925 2050
6 2050 2175

15. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
FEASIBILITY(RELIABILITY ASPECT)
 More power demand can be met at the load
point since power transfer capability is more in 6
phase systems.
 Voltage regulation and efficiency are better
due to less inductive reactance of the 6 phase line
for the same power transfer.
 It is proved that six phase line is more stable
for both symmetrical & unsymmetrical faults.
15Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

16. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
OTHER SALIENT POINTS
16Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
IN CHANGING EXISTING THREE PHASE SYSTEM TO SIX PHASE SYSTEM
 RADIO NOISE DECREASES BY 8.6 Db.
 AUDIBLE NOISE DECREASES BY 12.1 Db.
 PEAK SURFACE ELECTRIC FIELD GRADIENT CHANGED FROM
14.04 to 10.51 KVARMS/cm.
 TOTAL CORONA LOSS REDUCES ON A LINE CHANGED FROM THREE
PHASE DOUBLE CIRCUIT TO SIX PHASE LINE FROM 2046 W TO 338 W PER
CONDUCTOR.
 PERFECTLY COMPATIBLE WITH THE EXISTING THREE PHASE NETWORK.
 LINE SPACE COMPACTION.
 REDUCED SURGE IMPEDANCE LOADING.
 DUE TO LESS ANGLE ( i.e. 60o)BETWEEN PHASES CURRENTS ARE BETTER
BALANCED.

17. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
17Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
 DUE TO SMALLER,LIGHTER STRUCTURES OF HPO LINES , THE LINE
COST IS LESS THAN THAT OF CONVENTIONAL THREE PHASE LINE.
 THE ADDED PHASE REQUIRES ADDITIONAL TRANSFORMER &
CIRCUIT BREAKERS.
 HENCE AFTER A BREAKEVEN DISTANCE (225.86 KM)SIX PHASE &
THREE PHASE LINES WILL COST EQUAL.
 HOWEVER HERE Right of Way IS NOT TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION
DUE TO ITS VARIABLE NATURE.

18. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
BREAKEVEN DISTANCE
18Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
 THE BREKEVEN DISTANCE
IS CALCULATED TO BE
BETWEEN 200 AND 250 KM.
 BUT THE ACTUAL VALUE
IS 225.86 KM WHICH FALLS
EXACTLY WITHIN THE GIVEN
LIMITS.
R = SOUTH AFRICAN RAND ;
THE CURRENCY OF SOUTH AFRICA

19. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
RIGHT OF WAY
19Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
THE ELECTRICITY (SUPPLY) ACT, 1948
CHAPTER V ,Section 53 ( Provision of accommodation and right of way)
(1) Where the Board for the purposes of any arrangements which it
has made with any licensee under this Act requires accommodation on,
in, under or over the premises of the licensee for any works or
apparatus to be provided by the Board, the licensee shall, if suitable
and sufficient accommodation exists, grant such accommodation free of
cost to the Board, or if such accommodation does not exist, it shall be
provided upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed between
the Board and the licensee.
(2) The Board and any licensee shall each have a right of access at all
times to his own property on, in, over and under the property
of the other.

20. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
SIX PHASE FAULTS
20Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
FAULT TYPE TOTAL NO. OF
COMBINATIONS
SIGNIFICANT NO.
OF
COMBINATIONS
FAULTED PHASES
6 PHASE 1 1 abcdef
6 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 1 1 abcdefg
5 PHASE 6 1 bcdef
5 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 6 1 bcdefg
4 PHASE 15 3 bcef,abcd,abdf
4 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 15 3 bcefg,abcdg,abdfg
3 PHASE 20 3 bdf,abd,abf
3 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 20 3 bdfg,abdg,abfg
2 PHASE 15 3 ad,bf,bc
2 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 15 3 adg,bfg,bcg
1 PHASE TO NEUTRAL 6 1 ag
TOTAL 120 23

21. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
SIX PHASE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
21Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
THERE ARE THREE PROTECTION SCHEMES :
1. PRIMARY (PILOT BASED CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL RELAY)
2. SECONDARY (FIBER OPTICS BASED SEGREGATED PHASE
COMPARISION PROTECTION)
3. TERTIARY(NON COMMUNICATION BASED COMMONLY KNOWN AS
DISTANCE PROTECTION)
THERE ARE THREE TRIPPING OPTIONS :
1. SWITCHING ALL SIX PHASES SIMULTANEOUSLY
2. SWITCHING AS SETS OF THREE PHASE LINES
3. SWICHING ONE PHASE AT ATIME

22. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
CONSIDERATIONS FOR FUTURE DESIGN
22Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
 UPCOMING SUBSTATIONS & SWITCHYARDS MUST BE DESIGNED TO
CATER THE EXTRA EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR THREE TO SIX PHASE
TRANSMISSION.
 RESEARCH NEEDS TO BE DONE IN FINDING MORE ECONOMICAL
WAYS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF EXISTING 3Φ SYSTEM TO 6Φ
SYSTEM.
 SPECAILIZED DESIGN APPROACH FOR INCREASED CAPACITY ON
TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS.

23. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
CONCLUSION
23Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
 UNARGUABLY IT IS A POWERFUL METHOD OF TRANSMISSION BUT
ECONOMICALLY INFEASIBLE AT THIS POINT OF TIME.
 IN THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE , WITH RISE IN DEMAND & LAND COST
IT WILL BECOME ECONOMICALLY MORE ACCEPTABLE.
 IT IS VITALLY IMPORTANT TO BE AWARE OF THIS TECHNOLOGY AS A
POSSIBLE KEY PLAYER IN FUTURE TRANSMISSION.
 HOWEVER RESEARCH STILL NEEDS TO BE DONE TO FIND OUT MORE
ECONOMICAL WAYS OF TRANSFORMING THE EXISTING THREE PHASE
SYSTEMS TO SIX PHASE SYSTEMS SO THAT THE ECONOMICAL
CONSTRAINTS COULD BE RELAXED TO A LARGER EXTENT.

24. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
REFERENCES
24Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
[1] T.L.Landers , R.J Richeda , E. Krizakas . “High Phase Order Economics:
Constructing a New Transmission Line,” IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,
Vol.13, No. 4, 1998.
[2] T.F Dorazio . “High Phase Order Transmission”, IEEE 1990.
[3] James R.Stewart , Laurie J.Oppel , Gary C. Thomann , Thomas
F..Dorazio , Matthew T.Brown , “Insulation Coordination, Environmental and
System Analyisis Of Existing Double Circuit Line Reconfigured To Six Phase
Operation”, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, Vol. 7, No. 3, 1993.
[4] R. V. Rebbapragada , M.T.Brown , T.F Dorazio , J.R Stewart, “Design
Modification And Layout Of Utility Substations For Six Phase Transmission,”
IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, Vol. 8, No. 1.
[5] Alexander Apostolov , William George. “Protecting NYSEG’s
SixPhase Transmission Line,” New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, 1992.
[6] First A. Zakir Husain, Second B. Ravindra Kumar Singh, and Third C.
Shri Niwas Tiwari , Multi-phase (6-Phase & 12-Phase) Transmission Lines
performance characteristics, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of MATHEMATICS
AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION, Issue 2, Vol 1, 2007

25. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
REFERENCES(CONT.)
25Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal
[7] Venkata , S.S.; Guyker, W.C.; Booth, W.H.; Kondragunta, J.; Saini, N.K.;
Stanek,E.K.; Energy Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering
University of Washington, 138-kV, six phase Transmission System, IEEE Trans,
Volume PAS-101 Issue 5, May 1982.
[8] Transmission Line Compaction Using High Phase Order Transmission ,
Jacob Bortnik , A dissertation submitted to the faculty of Engineering ,
University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg for the fulfilment of Degree of
M.Sc in Engineering.
[9] THE ELECTRICITY (SUPPLY) ACT, 1948, CHAPTER V:the works and trading
procedure of the board and the generating company , SECTION 53 : provision
of accommodation and right of way
[10] http://www.ukessays.com/essays/engineering/six-phase-converted-
transmission-line-engineering-essay.php
[11] Suresh Chandra , Srivasta M. , JSPL , Angul , Power optimization
using six phase transmission system , AICTE sponsored National Seminar on
Power & Energy system for Future – 26th & 27th april 2013,pages 8-10.

26. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
26Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal

27. POWER OPTIMIZATION USING SIX PHASE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
27Department of Electrical engineering , S.I.E.T, Dhenkanal