This document discusses sociocultural norms and pragmatics. It explains that sociocultural norms guide pragmatic expression, such as using "please" after making a request. It also discusses speech acts, which are communicative acts like requests, apologies, suggestions, and offers. Speakers must understand speech acts for successful communication. Pragmatics examines how sociocultural norms influence language use and how speakers convey intended meanings while maintaining politeness and each other's public self-image, known as "face."
conversational implicature is a sort of inference that has been derived from speaker's said utterance, to say going deep to abstract what is meant by speaker rather what is being said.
it is like drawing inference with the help of non verbal cues, schemata of the situation as well.An utterance which conveys meaning beyond its proposition.what is said must be understood in terms of what philosophers define as meaning, that is, sense and reference, what is said is the result of a linguistic computation implying the description of a full proposition with a truth value.
Face It! Reference Work And Politeness Theory Go Hand In Hand, Acrl 09cleibige
This slideshow is a presentation on reference communication and politeness theory from the Association of College & Research Libraries Conference (Seattle, WA, 2009).
conversational implicature is a sort of inference that has been derived from speaker's said utterance, to say going deep to abstract what is meant by speaker rather what is being said.
it is like drawing inference with the help of non verbal cues, schemata of the situation as well.An utterance which conveys meaning beyond its proposition.what is said must be understood in terms of what philosophers define as meaning, that is, sense and reference, what is said is the result of a linguistic computation implying the description of a full proposition with a truth value.
Face It! Reference Work And Politeness Theory Go Hand In Hand, Acrl 09cleibige
This slideshow is a presentation on reference communication and politeness theory from the Association of College & Research Libraries Conference (Seattle, WA, 2009).
Personal Reflection End-of-Semester Letter 60 points DUE Sub.docxkarlhennesey
Personal Reflection: End-of-Semester Letter
60 points
DUE: Submitted to turnitin on Cougar Courses on the due date (no paper version needed)
The purpose of this assignment is to help you apply communication concepts learned throughout the semester to your own experiences of communication. This assignment asks you to thoughtfully consider your experience in this course, and to reflect upon what you have learned. By exploring the readings, reflecting on team interactions, and discussing your perceptions of the course as a whole, you can gain insight into the complexities of group interaction and the relationships between human communication theory and practice.
This assignment therefore helps fill the following student learning outcomes for this class:
Communication Department Student Learning Objectives for COMM 100 (Mass Media and Communication):
➢ Analyze forms and contexts of communication from a variety of intellectual perspectives (philosophical, historical, theoretical, and practical). (ANALYSIS).
Dr. Rivera’s Student Learning Outcomes for COMM 100:
1. Identify, name, and describe key communication concepts and vocabulary appropriately in context through quizzes, exams, and Personal Reflection writing assignments (KNOWLEDGE EXPANSION)
2. Apply communication theories to solving “real world” problems through course exercises, assignments, and teamwork (APPLICATION).
FORMAT:
2 pages total
APA formatting: 12 pt. font, double-spaced, 1 inch margins
· APA Reference page IF NEEDED (should have at least the text book on it). See Cougar
Courses for APA Tips or look online at https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/.
DIRECTIONS:Write a letter! Consider this an opportunity to share what you’ve learned in this class
with someone outside of the class.
You may want to take this chance to tell someone about the impact they had on
your communication development (positive or negative or otherwise).
You might want to make this an opportunity to try to help someone else change
or improve their communication habits
You can draw on ANY topic covered this semester, including those covered in
Team Assignments!
• You can and should use informal, first person language.
Guidelines: This is a letter, but it’s also an assignment. You’ll balance your informal language with a discussion of at least two (2) concepts from the class somewhere in your
letter.
You will list and define the concept (be sure to cite the text book or other
reading!)
You will then discuss the concept and how it applies to the audience for your
letter
The purpose is to demonstrate your understanding of the course concept!
Rivera, COMM 100, Fall 2019
Audience: You might consider writing to one of the following people (these are IDEAS, but you don’t have to write to one of these people):
o Yourparent(s)
o Your siblings or cousins
o Your kids, hypothetical children, or nieces and nephews/cousins you help raise o Your boss or former boss
o Your teacher (inc ...
Nonverbal Communication Survey of Communication Study chpt. 3.docxgibbonshay
Nonverbal Communication
Survey of Communication Study chpt. 3
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study
Discussion and Definition of Nonverbal
Functions of nonverbal communication
Types of Nonverbal communication
Haptics
Proxemics
Chronemics
Personal Appearance, Objects and Artifacts
Environment
Paralanguage
Silence
Agenda
Discussion/Think about it:
What can you say with a handshake?
The Art of the Handshake
Do you see anything wrong with this handshake?
When Microsoft founder Bill Gates shook hands with South Korea President Park Geun-hye, the country was outraged!
Why?
His one-hand shake in Korean culture - and also in Asia - is notably casual, done only when the other party is a good friend, of the same or younger age.
Using one hand with the other tucked in the pants pocket is considered rude in South Korea, done when one is expressing superiority to the other
Handshakes can “say” a lot!
Handshakes gone wrong
Definition
Nonverbal communication = any meaning conveyed through sounds, behaviors, and artifacts other than words
we use nonverbal communication to share meaning with others
nonverbal behaviors are typically sent with intent…
However, people can derive meaning from your nonverbal behaviors whether they are intentional or not
Nonverbal Communication
What is she saying?
One person will be the actor and the other person will be the guesser
The actor will face the screen or have the list of 10 actions on the next page in front of them
The Actor is to act out the phrases nonverbally without using any spoken words
The guesser’s job is just that-guess that your partner is trying to convey
Guessers write down your answers and number them #1-10
See how many messages you can accurately convey without using any spoken words
Nonverbal Exercise
Ask a friend to do this with you…
1. Shame on you
2. What time is it?
3. Sit next to me
4. Calm down
5. I can’t hear you
6. I’m confused
7. I’m glad that is over
8. He’s crazy
9. Good job
10. I’m tired
For Exercise**
Only Actors look at the screen now
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal communication to duplicate verbal communication
Obvious examples include a head-nod or a head-shake to duplicate the verbal messages of “yes” or “no”
When we duplicate our verbal message with nonverbals we use things that are recognizable to most people within a particular cultural group
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal communication to replace verbal communication.
If someone asks you a question, instead of a verbal reply “yes” and a head-nod, you may choose to simply nod your head without the accompanying verbal message
When we replace verbal communication with nonverbal we use nonverbal behaviors that are easily recognized by others in our cultural group
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal cues to complement verbal communication
Example:
If a fri.
Nonverbal Communication Survey of Communication Study chpt. 3.docxpicklesvalery
Nonverbal Communication
Survey of Communication Study chpt. 3
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study
Discussion and Definition of Nonverbal
Functions of nonverbal communication
Types of Nonverbal communication
Haptics
Proxemics
Chronemics
Personal Appearance, Objects and Artifacts
Environment
Paralanguage
Silence
Agenda
Discussion/Think about it:
What can you say with a handshake?
The Art of the Handshake
Do you see anything wrong with this handshake?
When Microsoft founder Bill Gates shook hands with South Korea President Park Geun-hye, the country was outraged!
Why?
His one-hand shake in Korean culture - and also in Asia - is notably casual, done only when the other party is a good friend, of the same or younger age.
Using one hand with the other tucked in the pants pocket is considered rude in South Korea, done when one is expressing superiority to the other
Handshakes can “say” a lot!
Handshakes gone wrong
Definition
Nonverbal communication = any meaning conveyed through sounds, behaviors, and artifacts other than words
we use nonverbal communication to share meaning with others
nonverbal behaviors are typically sent with intent…
However, people can derive meaning from your nonverbal behaviors whether they are intentional or not
Nonverbal Communication
What is she saying?
One person will be the actor and the other person will be the guesser
The actor will face the screen or have the list of 10 actions on the next page in front of them
The Actor is to act out the phrases nonverbally without using any spoken words
The guesser’s job is just that-guess that your partner is trying to convey
Guessers write down your answers and number them #1-10
See how many messages you can accurately convey without using any spoken words
Nonverbal Exercise
Ask a friend to do this with you…
1. Shame on you
2. What time is it?
3. Sit next to me
4. Calm down
5. I can’t hear you
6. I’m confused
7. I’m glad that is over
8. He’s crazy
9. Good job
10. I’m tired
For Exercise**
Only Actors look at the screen now
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal communication to duplicate verbal communication
Obvious examples include a head-nod or a head-shake to duplicate the verbal messages of “yes” or “no”
When we duplicate our verbal message with nonverbals we use things that are recognizable to most people within a particular cultural group
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal communication to replace verbal communication.
If someone asks you a question, instead of a verbal reply “yes” and a head-nod, you may choose to simply nod your head without the accompanying verbal message
When we replace verbal communication with nonverbal we use nonverbal behaviors that are easily recognized by others in our cultural group
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
We use nonverbal cues to complement verbal communication
Example:
If a fri.
NCompass Live - March 29, 2017
http://nlc.nebraska.gov/ncompasslive/
Learn how Los Alamos County Library System put together a simple, cost-effective English conversation program for patrons who wanted to practice their English speaking skills. Conversation circles are not English classes: you don’t need ESL teachers, a registration system or a fancy curriculum. We’ll show you how we put it together, what worked, what still needs development and share resources so you can develop your own conversation circles program.
Presenter: Elizabeth Rivera, Reference Librarian, Los Alamos County Libraries, Los Alamos, NM.
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This is a general overview of intercultural communication that helps to unveil the different aspects, background and skills to communicate effectively with different cultures
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
2. Sociocultural norms, such as how to express
politeness in a given context, guide pragmatic
expression. For example, if someone asked you
why we should say "Please" after making a
request, what would you say? Your answer would
be based on the sociocultural rules you are
familiar with in Western societies and cultures.
3. Person A: You have just invited your friend to a
special dinner given by your company and you want
to say very gently that he/she must act more
formally than normal (not use so much foul
language).
Person B: Your dear friend is somewhat of a
"stuffed shirt" who always worries about others'
opinions. You want to go to this dinner and make
him/her relax and adopt a more colorful and casual
outlook on life.
4.
What problems of communication did you observe in the interaction
between the two students?
What kinds of sociocultural norms do you think might have been
operating in the role play?
What kinds of things did each person have to keep in mind as they
spoke?
What kinds of things guided the way the speakers said things, so they
wouldn’t offend each other?
Did anybody say anything that you think would had been considered
rude or inappropriate?
5. One important area of pragmatics is that of speech
acts, which are communicative acts that convey an
intended language function. Speech acts include
functions such as requests, apologies,
suggestions, commands, of fers , and
appropriate responses to those acts.
Of course, speakers of these acts are not truly
successful until the intended meaning they convey
are understood by listeners.
6. Can you identify what kind of speech acts are
the following?:
Can
you lend me your pencil?
Gimme your pencil.
Would you like to use this pencil?
How about using a red pencil?
7. Can you identify which of the following speech
acts intends to convey: a request, an apology, a
suggestion, an offer, a rebuke or an invitation?
Speaker / listener
Speech act
Mother to daughter
“Your rom is a mess”
Incoming traveler to hotel clerk
“Can I have a room on the top floor?
One student to another
“You can use my eraser. Yours is
almost gone.”
Student 1 to student 2, just after
1 tells 2 she failed the exam
“Do you want to study together for the
next test?”
Student 2 to student 1, just after
1 tells her that she failed the
exam
“Do you want to study together for the
next test?”
A young woman to her boyfriend
“You know, they have a sale on
diamond rings at the mall this
weekend.”
8. Speech acts occur in everyday talk in every
society, with various ranges of explicitness. For
second language learners, it is important to know
which speech acts are different in the first and
target language, how they are different, and what
is not appropriate to say
9. Learners of all languages tend to have difficulty
understanding the intended meaning
communicated by a speech act, or producing a
speech act using appropriate language and
manner in the language being learned. Research
has found that classroom instruction on speech
acts can help learners to improve their
performance of speech acts and thus their
interactions with native speakers.
10. Examples:
Speaker/listene Text book
r
Real life
A teenager
greeting his friend
at the airport
"Hello, Harvey. How "Hey, man — what’s happening? I
was the flight? I see like your bag. It’s awesome!“
you got a new bag"
Someone
complimenting us
A: What a beautiful
dress!
B: Thank you. I’m
glad you like it.
A: That’s a cute dress you’re
wearing.
B: Really? This old rag? I got it at
the Salvation Army for $2.00!
or
B: You’re the third person today
who’s complimented me on it. I
must have done something right!
11. As a technical term, face means the public self
image of a person. It refers to that emotional and
social sense of self that everyone has and
expects everyone else to recognize.
12. In an interaction, it can be defined as the
means employed to show awareness of
another person’s face. In this sense,
politeness can be accomplished in situations
of social distance or closeness.
13. (A student to the teacher)
Excuse me, Mr. Bean, but can I talk to you for a
minute?
(A friend to the same person)
Hey, B, got a minute?
14. People in all cultures have an awareness of selfimage, or "face", as they communicate. Protecting
face is important for communicating and
behaving successfully with others, even though it
may not be accomplished consciously by talk
participants. A "face-threatening act" (FTA) is one
that would make someone possibly lose face, or
damage it in some way.
15. (A student to the teacher)
Mr. Charles, I know you are terribly busy, but
could you sign this form for me, please?
16. A person’s negative face is the need to be
independent, to have freedom of action, and
not to be imposed by others.
Negative ≠ Bad
17. A person’s positive face is the need to be
accepted, even liked, by others, to be treated as a
member of the same group, and to know that
his/her wants are shared by others.
18. FTAs, which occur regularly in everyday
interaction, are often softened by means of
politeness. Politeness can be expressed through
positive politeness to try to make the other
person like you: e.g. "please"
or negative politeness to try to give the other
person some space and not impose:
e.g. "I know this is a terrible imposition"
19. Of the following three choices that could occur when a
guest came to your home to visit, which would you
believe would be most likely to cause a threat to your
face or that of your guest?
a. Can I have a glass of water?
b. Could you take your feet off my table?
c. Make yourself at home.
20.
B, because it is most likely to offend someone
or make them feel uncomfortable or
embarrassed (Their face is threatened)
A, poses little threat. A glass of water is not a
great imposition, and it is requested, not
demanded.
C, poses no threat to the listener; it is an offer
of hospitality.
21.
Emphasizes on closeness between
speaker and listener.
Leads the requester to appeal to a common goal,
and even friendship. Hey buddy, I’d appreciate if
you let me use your pen.
For not to suffer a refusal, the speaker may opt for
a “getting to know you talk”: Hi. How is it going?
OK if I sit here? You take a lot of note too huh? Do
me a favour and let me use one of your pens.
22. Linguistically this strategy would include:
-Personal information
-Use of nicknames
-Abusive terms (particularly among males)
-Dialect / slang expressions
-Marked solidarity with terms like: “we” and
“let’s”.
23. In English-speaking contexts this strategy is more
commonly used as a face saving act. The most
typical form is using a question containing a modal
verb such as:
Could you lend me a pen?
I’m sorry to bother you, but can I ask you for a pen
or something?
I know you are busy, but might I ask you if you –emif you happen to have an extra pen that I could, you
know – eh – maybe borrow?
24. Negative politeness forms emphasizes on “formal
politeness”.
-It is impersonal
-Can include expressions that refer neither the
speaker not the listener: customers may not
smoke here, sir.
-Absence of personal claims
“There is going to be a party, if you can make it. It
will be fun”